Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2018-02-02"

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How Do Acquired Political Identities Influence Our Neural Processing toward Others within the Context of a Trust Game?
(2018-02-02)
Wu, Chien-Te
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Fan, Yang-Teng
;
Du, Ye-Rong
;
Yang, Tien-Tun
;
Liu, Ho-Ling
Trust is essential for mutually beneficial human interactions in economic exchange and politics and people's social identities notably have dramatic effects on trust behaviors toward others. Previous literature concerning social identities generally suggests that people tend to show in-group favoritism toward members who share the same identity. However, how our brains process signals of identity while facing uncertain situations in interpersonal interactions remains largely unclear. To address this issue, we performed an fMRI experiment with 54 healthy adults who belonged to two identity groups of opposing political orientations. The identity information of participants was extracted from a large-scale social survey on the 2012 Taiwan presidential election. Accordingly, participants were categorized as either the Kuomintang (KMT) or the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) supporters. During the experiment, participants played trust games with computer agents with labels of the same or the opposing political identity. Interestingly, our results suggest that the behaviors of the two groups cannot be equally attributed to in-group favoritism. Behaviorally, only the DPP supporter group showed a significant trust preference toward in-group members, which did not hold for the KMT supporter group. Consistently, neurophysiological findings further revealed that only the DPP supporter group showed neuronal responses to both unexpected negative feedback from in-group members in anterior insula, temporoparietal junction, and dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex, as well as to unexpected rewards from out-group members in caudate. These findings therefore suggest that acquired identities play a more complex role in modulating people's social expectation in interpersonal trust behaviors under identity-relevant contexts.
交大e-News第249期-生物科技界重量級推手楊育民獲頒交大名譽博士
(2018-02-05)
國立交通大學秘書室
;
Secretariat
Physical Limitations of Phosphor layer thickness and concentration for White LEDs
(2018-02-05)
Tan, Cher Ming
;
Singh, Preetpal
;
Zhao, Wenyu
;
Kuo, Hao-Chung
;
光電工程學系
Increasing phosphor layer thickness and concentration can enhance the lumen flux of white LED (W-LED). In this work, we found that increasing the phosphor layer thickness and concentration can increase its temperature, and there is also a maximum thickness and concentration beyond which their increase will not lead to lumen increase, but only temperature increase. Higher thickness and higher concentration also results in warm light instead of White light. The maximum thickness and concentration are found to be limited by the scattering of light rays with higher % decrease of blue light rays than the yellow light rays. The results obtained in this work can also be used to compute the temperature and thermo-mechanical stress distribution of an encapsulated LED, demonstrating its usefulness to the design of encapsulated LED packages. Simulation software like ANSYS and TracePro are used extensively to verify the root cause mechanisms.
Peculiar near-band-edge emission of polarization-dependent XEOL from a non-polar a-plane ZnO wafer
(2018-02-05)
Lin, Bi-Hsuan
;
Wu, Yung-Chi
;
Chen, Huang-Yeh
;
Tseng, Shao-Chin
;
Wu, Jian-Xing
Polarization-dependent hard X-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL) was used to study not only the optical properties but also the crystallographic orientations of a non-polar a-plane ZnO wafer. In addition to a positive-edge jump and extra oscillations in the near-band-edge (NBE) XEOL yield, we observed a blue shift of the NBE emission peak that follows the polarization-dependent X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) as the X-ray energy is tuned across the Zn K-edge. This NBE blue shift is caused by the larger X-ray absorption, generating higher free carriers to reduce the exciton-LO phonon coupling, which causes a decrease in the exciton activation energy. The extra oscillations in XANES and XEOL as the polarization is set parallel to the c-axis is attributed to simultaneous excitations of the Zn 4p - O 2p pi-bond along the c-axis and the bilayer sigma-bond, whereas only the sigma-bond is excited when the polarization is perpendicular to the c-axis. The polarization-dependent XEOL spectra can be used to determine the crystallographic orientations. (c) 2018 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement
Design of photonic crystal surface emitting lasers with indium-tin-oxide top claddings
(2018-02-05)
Huang, Shen-Che
;
Hong, Kuo-Bin
;
Chiu, Han-Lun
;
Lan, Shao-Wun
;
Chang, Tsu-Chi
Electrically pumped GaAs-based photonic crystal surface emitting lasers were fabricated using a simple fabrication process by directly capping the indium-tin-oxide transparent conducting thin film as the top cladding layer upon a photonic crystal layer. Optimization of the separate-confinement heterostructures of a laser structure is crucial to improving characteristics by providing advantageous optical confinements. The turn-on voltage, series resistance, threshold current, and slope efficiency of the laser with a 100 x 100 mu m(2) photonic crystal area operated at room temperature were 1.3V, 1.5 Omega, 121mA, and 0.2W/A, respectively. Furthermore, we demonstrated a single-lobed lasing wavelength of 928.6 nm at 200mA and a wavelength redshift rate of 0.05 nm/K in temperature-dependent measurements. The device exhibited the maximum output power of approximately 400 mW at an injection current of 2 A; moreover, divergence angles of less than 1 degrees for the unpolarized circular-shaped laser beam were measured at various injection currents. Overall, the low threshold current, excellent beam quality, small divergence, high output power, and high-operating-temperature (up to 343K) of our devices indicate that they can potentially fill the requirements for next-generation light sources and optoelectronic devices. Published by AIP Publishing.
Vacuum ultraviolet photoabsorption of prime ice analogues of Pluto and Charon
(2018-02-05)
Pavithraa, S.
;
Lo, J-I
;
Rahul, K.
;
Sekhar, B. N. Raja
;
Cheng, B-M.
Here we present the first Vacuum UltraViolet (VUV) photoabsorption spectra of ice analogues of Pluto and Charon ice mixtures. For Pluto the ice analogue is an icy mixture containing nitrogen (N-2), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4) and water (H2O) prepared with a 100:1:1:3 ratio, respectively. Photoabsorption of icy mixtures with and without H2O were recorded and no significant changes in the spectra due to presence of H2O were observed. For Charon a VUV photoabsorption spectra of an ice analogue containing ammonia (NH3) and H2O prepared with a 1:1 ratio was recorded, a spectrum of ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) was also recorded. These spectra may help to interpret the P-Alice data from New Horizons. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Facile Synthesis of Diamino-Modified Graphene/Polyaniline Semi-Interpenetrating Networks with Practical High Thermoelectric Performance
(2018-02-07)
Lin, Yen-Hao
;
Lee, Tsung-Chi
;
Hsiao, Yu-Sheng
;
Ling, Wei-Keng
;
Whang, Wha-Tzong
p-Phenediamino-modified graphene (PDG) has been newly synthesized via a facile green one-step chemical route as a functionalized graphene-based additive to copolymerize with aniline for fabricating innovative PDG/polyaniline conducting polymer composites containing very special semi-interpenetrating networks (S-IPNs). The S-IPNs not only provide additional pathways by creating chemically bonded PDG and PANI for smoothly transporting carriers but greatly reduce the amount of graphene required to less than a few percent could effectively improve the overall electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thus the thermoelectric (TE) performance. The found optimized TE figure of merit (ZT) of 0.74 approaches a practical high level which is comparable or much higher than previously reported ones for TE polymers.
Magnetism-tuning strategies for graphene oxide based on magnetic oligoacene oxide patches model
(2018-02-07)
Wen, Yanjie
;
Yen, Chia-Liang
;
Yan, Linyin
;
Kono, Hirohiko
;
Lin, Sheng-Hsien
Graphene oxide (GO) has wide application potential owing to its 2D structure and diverse modification sites for various targeted uses. The introduction of magnetism into GO structures has further advanced the controllability of the application of GO materials. Herein, the concept of modular design and modeling was applied to tune the magnetism of GO. To obtain desirable magnetic properties, diradicalstructured GO patches were formed by the introduction of two functional groups to break the Kekule structure of the benzene ring. In these diradical GO patches, the energy of the triplet state was lower than those of the open-shell broken-symmetry singlet state and closed-shell singlet state. To create such multi-radical patches, a practical approach is to determine a substantial spatial separation of the alpha and beta spin densities in the molecule. Thus, systematic design strategies and tests were evaluated. The first strategy was extending the distance between the distribution center of the alpha and beta spin densities; the second was controlling the delocalization directions of the alpha and beta electrons; the third was controlling the delocalization extension of the alpha and beta electrons by oxidative modification, and finally introducing multi-radical structures into the molecular system and controlling the position of each radical. Herein, successful paves the way to explore ferromagnetic MGO guided by theoretical study, which may become reality soon.
A hydrogen sulfide triggered self-immolative fluorescent probe for lysosome labeling in live cells
(2018-02-07)
Velusamy, Nithya
;
Thirumalaivasan, Natesan
;
Bobba, Kondapa Naidu
;
Wu, Shu-Pao
;
Bhuniya, Sankarprasad
We developed a naphthalimide-based, lysosome-targeting, and self-immolative fluorescent probe for H2S detection. Probe LS-1 comprises a 2-formylbenzoate derivative of the 1,8-naphthalimide fluorophore. H2S forms a thiohemiacetal intermediate by reacting with the formyl group of the 2-formylbenzoate derivative, which subsequently undergoes intramolecular cyclization with the ester moiety to generate a free naphthalimide fluorophore (FL-1). The UV-vis absorbance (lambda(abs)) value of probe LS-1 at 450 nm increased in the presence of H2S. Similarly, with increasing H2S concentrations, the emission band (lambda(em)) centered at 560 nm increased gradually. The probe was found to be highly sensitive and chemoselective towards H2S compared with other biological analytes. Probe LS-1 was nontoxic and very stable across the physiological pH range. The probe LS-1 enables the detection of intracellular endogenous H2S formation in HT29 cells in lysosomes.
Dioxygen Activation by Iron Complexes: The Catalytic Role of Intersystem Crossing Dynamics for a Heme-Related Model
(2018-02-08)
Du, Likai
;
Liu, Fang
;
Li, Yanwei
;
Yang, Zhongyue
;
Zhang, Qingzhu
Enzymes containing heme, nonheme iron, or copper active sites play an essential role in the dioxygen binding and activation for substrate oxidation. The conceptual challenges to the quantitative modeling of this primary catalytic step arise from (1) instrinsic electronic nonadiabaticity of the spin flip events of the triplet dioxygen molecule (O-3(2)), mediated by spin-orbit coupling and (2) possible heat dissipation channels, due to the high exothermicity of dioxygen binding processes. Herein, the spin-forbidden dioxygen binding dynamics of a reduced heme model was directly investigated in terms of the nonadiabatic trajectory surface-hopping dynamics, involving the coupled singlet, triplet and quintet states. This work reveals the complexity of this elemental reaction, and the binding/dissociation dynamics of iron peroxo species is important to interpret the subsequent H atom abstraction reaction step. Furthermore, we identify nonadiabatic dynamical effects that could not be observed through traditional calculations of static geometries.
Observation of Resistive Switching Behavior in Crossbar Core-Shell Ni/NiO Nanowires Memristor
(2018-02-08)
Ting, Yi-Hsin
;
Chen, Jui-Yuan
;
Huang, Chun-Wei
;
Huang, Ting-Kai
;
Hsieh, Cheng-Yu
The crossbar structure of resistive random access memory (RRAM) is the most promising technology for the development of ultrahigh-density devices for future nonvolatile memory. However, only a few studies have focused on the switching phenomenon of crossbar RRAM in detail. The main purpose of this study is to understand the formation and disruption of the conductive filament occurring at the crossbar center by real-time transmission electron microscope observation. Core-shell Ni/NiO nanowires are utilized to form a cross-structure, which restrict the position of the conductive filament to the crosscenter. A significant morphological change can be observed near the crossbar center, which results from the out-diffusion and backfill of oxygen ions. Energy dispersive spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy demonstrate that the movement of the oxygen ions leads to the evolution of the conductive filament, followed by redox reactions. Moreover, the distinct reliability of the crossbar device is measured via ex situ experiments. In this work, the switching mechanism of the crossbar core-shell nanowire structure is beneficial to overcome the problem of nanoscale minimization. The experimental method shows high potential to fabricate high-density RRAM devices, which can be applied to 3D stacked package technology and neuromorphic computing systems.
Solid-State Diffusional Behaviors of Functional Metal Oxides at Atomic Scale
(2018-02-08)
Chen, Jui-Yuan
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Huang, Chun-Wei
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Wu, Wen-Wei
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材料科學與工程學系
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Department of Materials Science and Engineering
Metal/metal oxides have attracted extensive research interest because of their combination of functional properties and compatibility with industry. Diffusion and thermal reliability have become essential issues that require detailed study to develop atomic-scaled functional devices. In this work, the diffusional reaction behavior that transforms piezoelectric ZnO into magnetic Fe3O4 is investigated at the atomic scale. The growth kinetics of metal oxides are systematically studied through macro- and microanalyses. The growth rates are evaluated by morphology changes, which determine whether the growth behavior was a diffusion- or reaction-controlled process. Furthermore, atom attachment on the kink step is observed at the atomic scale, which has important implications for the thermodynamics of functional metal oxides. Faster growth planes simultaneously decrease, which result in the predominance of low surface energy planes. These results directly reveal the atomic formation process of metal oxide via solid-state diffusion. In addition, the nanofabricated method provides a novel approach to investigate metal oxide evolution and sheds light on diffusional reaction behavior. More importantly, the results and phenomena of this study provide considerable inspiration to enhance the material stability and reliability of metal/oxide-based devices.
Visible light-induced electronic structure modulation of Nb- and Ta-doped alpha-Fe2O3 nanorods for effective photoelectrochemical water splitting
(2018-02-09)
Chang, Han-Wei
;
Fu, Yanming
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Lee, Wan-Yi
;
Lu, Ying-Rui
;
Huang, Yu-Cheng
The photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting activity of Nb and Ta-doped hematite (alpha-Fe2O3) nanorods was investigated with reference to electronic structures by in situ synchrotron x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Current density-potential measurements demonstrate that the PEC activity of alpha-Fe2O3 nanorods depends strongly on the species and concentrations of dopants. The doping of alpha-Fe2O3 nanorods with a low level of Nb or Ta can improve their electrical conductivity and thereby facilitate charge transport and reduced electron-hole recombination therein. The photoconversion effects of Nb and Ta-doped alpha-Fe2O3 by in situ XAS in the dark and under illumination revealed opposite evolutions of the spectral intensities of the Fe L-edge and Nb/Ta L-edge, indicating that charge transfer and a conduction pathway are involved in the photoconversion. Analytic in situ XAS results reveal that the alpha-Fe2O3 that is doped with a low level of Nb has a greater photoconversion efficiency than that doped with Ta because Nb sites are more active than Ta sites in alpha-Fe2O3. The correlation between PEC activity and the electronic structure of Nb/Ta-doped alpha-Fe2O3 is examined in detail using in situ XAS and helps to elucidate the mechanism of PEC water splitting in terms of the electronic structure.
發現不曾知道的美好──登山社期末大山初體驗
(國立陽明大學, 2018-02-09)
緣沙
一直以來，對於登山的印象就是折磨自己，但是忘記是在什麼樣的瞬間，這學期決定去嘗試看看這個一直敬而遠之的活動。第一天就在忐忑不安中，搭了半天的車到達了登山口紮營。就在太陽下山的剎那，大地瞬間被黑暗吞沒，伸手不見五指，我們立刻拿出頭燈，就著微弱的燈光吃著熱騰騰的麵，而後回到帳篷收拾了一下明天的裝備後，就休息了。那時還不到8點，完完全全體會到所謂的「日落而息」。第二天背著重裝，我們啟程走向13公里外的天池山莊。起初，吹拂到我們臉上的風還是冷冰冰的，但越走身體越熱，本來穿著的保暖衣物全都收到了背包中。一路上，我們沒有說太多的話，專心注意著腳下的碎石路，也不忘抬頭看遠方山頭層巒疊嶂的美景。六個小時後，我們終於抵達了目的地。大家卸下了肩上的重擔，開始幫忙準備晚餐。我忙裡偷閒地到外頭欣賞美麗的日落──山，真的很奇妙，每時每刻都呈現出不同的樣子，美得讓人捨不得眨眼。行前心裡其實非常的緊張，畢竟是從沒有接觸過的活動。但現在想想，好像很多時候人總是要有一個不小心腦衝的瞬間，才會走出自己的舒適圈，發現從來不曾知道的美好。隔天我們趕在太陽升起前，往奇萊南峰的路上邁進。我們行進速度極為緩慢，因為在一個晚上的低溫下，地上結了冰，不方便行走。在山巒之間的空隙，我們還看到了花蓮的燈火在黑夜之中閃耀，遠遠地看著它們的靜謐，彷彿可以聽見人們睡夢中的呼吸一樣，安詳得美麗。登上奇萊南峰前的陡坡，痛苦得讓人想放棄。走了兩天的碎石路已不在，只剩草原和堅硬的石頭聳立在峭壁上，大家每一步都走得艱辛，每一步都要死命抓著周圍的雜草，才可以穩住自己往上走。對有點懼高的我來說，這種幾近瀕死的感覺讓我簡直快要窒息，但是我沒有退路，沒有可以退縮的選擇，只能前進。
【107年新春團拜】
(國立陽明大學, 2018-02-09)
陽明電子報編輯小組
牙醫系「2018寒假花蓮秀林原住民之家成長營」
(國立陽明大學, 2018-02-09)
潘則廷
;
饒聖華
;
郭于瑈
花蓮秀林，這塊土地的資源相當匱乏，十多年前當地賣女兒的消息仍時有所聞，而毒品、菸、酒、檳榔也滲透至他們的生活周遭。許多孩子成長在那種環境中，還要面對著破碎的家庭：家長酗酒、嚴重家暴、父母坐牢、甚至遭惡意遺棄等等。小小年紀的他們被迫提前長大，擔負家中照顧自己及弟妹的角色。這些孩子漸漸失去他們眼神中應有的光芒，未來在哪裡、希望在哪裡，都讓他們茫然。林國樑院長二十年前創立了「原住民之家」（全名為「財團法人中華基督長老會山宣總會附設—花蓮縣私立原住民少年兒童之家」），收留失怙失依的孩子。他四處奔走、甚至散盡家財，只為提供孩子一個家。而林院長不僅僅給這些孩子溫飽，還相當重視孩子們的教育與人格培養。事實上，不管是物資、金錢或是課輔陪伴，他們都十分需要外界的幫助。而目前原住民之家主要收入來源為：1.董事會及教會捐助；2.善心人士、政府企畫案、工商企業等單位的捐助；3.院童手工藝品義賣所得。但面對孩子們龐大的學費、生活支出以及運作必須的人事費等等雜支，仍然支撐地非常非常辛苦，因此迫切需要各界的援助！牙醫系學會「花蓮秀林原住民之家成長營」（以下簡稱「成長營」）草創於2011年。由於一位學長在偶然的機緣下接觸原住民之家，並發現他們的需要，於是找了陽明大學的同學以及學弟妹們共13人籌辦了第一屆成長營。
曼妙多彩的舞蹈體驗──民舞社2018寒舞營
(國立陽明大學, 2018-02-09)
許捷茹
;
林韋儒
;
民舞社
;
秘書室
「民族舞蹈社」是歷史悠久的社團，致力於保留各國的民族舞蹈，並希望能藉由舞蹈的方式體認不同文化的精隨；在寒假所舉辦的「寒舞營」，更是一個讓新生以及非社內人員一同參與多種舞蹈的體驗活動。這次的寒舞營輪到我們來主辦，有整整三天時間學習想學的舞型，讓我們既興奮又期待，也把一直想跳卻沒機會跳的傣族舞、短飄扇，以及能跟大家一起牽手大跳很嗨的聯歡舞，還有一切舞蹈的基礎芭蕾跟肢體開發，都放入了我們的課程中。此外，還安排了初階及進階彩妝課程，讓想要美美出門的女孩或要上台驚豔眾人的表演者，都能有機會學這門看似簡單實則高深的彩妝藝術。
陽明十字軍「2018寒假桃園竹圍人權隊」
(國立陽明大學, 2018-02-09)
2018寒竹圍隊隊長
;
美乃資
在陽明隨處可見大家為自己的社團努力，有精心於研究的，也有熱愛運動、陶醉於音樂的；但有種社團是特別的，他們樂在毫無保留的付出，那就是服務隊，而人權隊也在其中，以下是屬於我們這個寒冬的故事。第一天見面，我們和小隊員仍是有點陌生，這是人權隊第二次到竹圍國中舉辦營隊，他們可能連大學生長什麼樣子都很模糊了，何況要跟這群陌生的大哥哥、大姊姊敞開心胸？但對於我們平常在訓練的隊輔們，裝熟就是我們的專長，結果經過一整天的相處，這群孩子竟然在放學時捨不得走，似乎已經開始喜歡人權隊了。
青幼社「2018寒假愛國國小人文醫學育樂營」
(國立陽明大學, 2018-02-09)
青幼社
在一間小小的圖書室中，31位大哥哥、大姐姐圍繞在37位愛國國小的孩童身邊，小朋友個個眼中洋溢著好奇、興奮與雀躍，握著筆、神情專注地看著台上的負責人，小小的耳朵期望能接收大大的知識與收穫。而大哥哥、大姐姐們則守在這群既是小天使又是小調皮的孩子身邊，細心照料他們，隨時注意每個小朋友的狀況，眼神中的憐愛與關懷，跟孩童的單純相互輝印。一整個學期的籌備，為的就是這營期四天能帶給每一位小朋友最完美的活動、課程與演出。一學期這麼漫長卻又感覺一閃即逝，帶著期待又緊張的心情出發的我們，有一顆冬日陽光般溫暖的心，和微風般爽朗的笑容，期待能在未來的幾天，將這份溫暖傳遞給營隊中的每個小朋友。
【心哲所2018春季系列演講】∼科學推理的實作（之一）
(國立陽明大學, 2018-02-09)
陽明電子報編輯小組
人類的推理活動是心智哲學的研究重點之一，科學推理活動的研究，更是一個牽涉到心智哲學、科學史與科學哲學與STS的複雜議題。本季系列演講，將廣邀不同領域的科學家、科學哲學家與STS家，對科學推理的實作進行探討。我們將深入不同領域的科學推理現場，探討他們使用的科學推理模式，從中理解科學活動的特性、規範與價值。