Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2018-07-01"

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A New Material and Structures for Light-Emitting Thyristor Applications
(2018-07-01)
Chen, Ching-Ho
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Jhen, Jia-Jhen
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Wuu, Dong-Sing
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Horng, Ray-Hua
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電子工程學系及電子研究所
We have demonstrated that GaInP materials with GaP and distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) structures can be applied in light-emitting thyristors (LEThs) and depleted optical thyristors (DOTs). The GaP epitaxial film greatly improved the current spreading, so that the brightness of LEThs was also greatly improved. The luminous intensity increased by 70% at an injection current of 250 mA with the GaP epitaxial film, compared to the LEThs without a GaP film. Moreover, the DBR structure played a role to prevent the emission light from being absorbed by the opaque GaAs substrate. The DBR structure can improve the droop efficiency, reduce the operation voltage, and maintain the wavelength at high-current operation. The luminous intensity of LEThs with the 18-pairs DBR structure increased by 71% at an injection current of 900 mA, compared to LETh with only three-pairs DBR and GaP window structure. It also showed nonlinear s-shaped I-V characteristics as a function of the input light intensity. The turn-on voltages were significantly reduced, from 5.36 to 1.66 V, as the external optical input intensity changed from dark to light with 300 mW. Under certain conditions, it also showed standard diode curve characteristics; as a result, the LETh can also be used as a DOTs.
Towards estimation of respiratory muscle effort with respiratory inductance plethysmography signals and complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition
(2018-07-01)
Chen, Ya-Chen
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Hsiao, Tzu-Chien
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分子醫學與生物工程研究所
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資訊工程學系
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生醫電子轉譯研究中心
Respiratory inductance plethysmography (RIP) sensor is an inexpensive, non-invasive, easy-to-use transducer for collecting respiratory movement data. Studies have reported that the RIP signal's amplitude and frequency can be used to discriminate respiratory diseases. However, with the conventional approach of RIP data analysis, respiratory muscle effort cannot be estimated. In this paper, the estimation of the respiratory muscle effort through RIP signal was proposed. A complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition method was used, to extract hidden signals from the RIP signals based on the frequency bands of the activities of different respiratory muscles. To validate the proposed method, an experiment to collect subjects' RIP signal under thoracic breathing (TB) and abdominal breathing (AB) was conducted. The experimental results for both the TB and AB indicate that the proposed method can be used to loosely estimate the activities of thoracic muscles, abdominal muscles, and diaphragm.
Risk of Erectile Dysfunction After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort study in Taiwan
(2018-07-01)
Yang, Yun-Ju
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Chien, Wu-Chien
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Chung, Chi-Hsiang
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Hong, Kun-Ting
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Yu, Yi-Lin
Introduction: In our study, we aimed to investigate the association between a traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subsequent erectile dysfunction (ED). This is a population-based study using the claims dataset from The National Health Insurance Research Database. Methods: We included 72,642 patients with TBI aged over 20 years, retrospectively, selected from the longitudinal health insurance database during 2000-2010, according to the ICD-9-CM. The control group consisted of 217,872 patients without TBI that were randomly chosen from the database at a ratio of 1:3, with age- and index year matched. Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to estimate the association between the TBI and subsequent ED. Results: After a 10-year follow-up, the incidence rate of ED was higher in the TBI patients when compared with the non-TBI control group (24.66 and 19.07 per 100,000, respectively). Patients with TBI had a higher risk of developing ED than the non-TBI cohort after the adjustment of the confounding factors, such as age, comorbidity, residence of urbanization and locations, seasons, level of care, and insured premiums (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 2.569, 95% CI [1.890, 3.492], p < .001). Conclusion: This is the first study using a comprehensive nationwide database to analyze the association of ED and TBI in the Asian population. After adjusted the confounding factors, patients with TBI have a significantly higher risk of developing ED, especially organic ED, than the general population. This finding might remind clinicians that it's crucial in early identification and treatment of ED in post-TBI patients.
Privacy-preserving ridge regression on distributed data
(2018-07-01)
Chen, Yi-Ruei
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Rezapour, Amir
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Tzeng, Wen-Guey
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交大名義發表
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National Chiao Tung University
Ridge regression is a statistical method for modeling a linear relationship between a dependent variable and some explanatory values. It is a building-block that plays a major role in many learning algorithms such as recommendation systems. However, in many applications such as e-health, explanatory values contains private information owned by different patients that are not willing to share them, unless data privacy is guaranteed. In this paper, we propose a protocol for conducting privacy-preserving ridge regression (PPRR) over high-dimensional data. In our protocol, each user submits its data in an encrypted form to an evaluator and the evaluator computes a linear model of all users' data without learning their contents. The core encryption method is equipped with homomorphic properties to enable the evaluator to perform ridge regression over encrypted data. We implement our protocol and demonstrate that it is suitable for dealing with high-dimensional data distributed among millions of users. We also compare our protocol with the state-of-the-art solutions in terms of both computation and communication costs. The results show that our protocol outperforms most existing approaches based on secure multi-party computation, garbled circuit, fully homomorphic encryption, secret-sharing, and hybrid methods. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
離散的邊界：離散論述、土腔電影與《初戀紅豆冰》
(國立陽明交通大學出版社, 2018-07-01)
許維賢
本文揭示馬華的離散論述不盡然是反本土化的書寫。作者回顧和檢視馬來西亞土著霸權的源起和發展，以揭示它如何既構成了馬來西亞華人離散的邊界，亦建構了以黃錦樹為代表的在台馬華離散論述。這套離散論述把馬華的本土化論述排除在外，並傾向於把本土化與土著特權的原鄉迷思進行理論的連鎖。本文反思馬華本土化的困境與其正當性，從離散論述探討作為土腔電影的《初戀紅豆冰》的土腔風格和地方感性認同。此片在初始公映階段不被馬來西亞國家電影發展機構承認為大馬國產電影，後來導演阿牛在台灣綜藝節目向馬來西亞政府「嗆聲」批評，再經過朝野政黨力爭後，終於被承認為國產電影，免除繳交娛樂稅。阿牛既紮根大馬本土，亦跨界到台灣和其他華人世界，借助離散或反離散的位置向馬來西亞政府嗆聲，從而得到承認，整個事件即是去疆界化和再疆界化的旅程，說明了離散和本土化在馬華的共存共榮。《初戀紅豆冰》對華巫關係的描述框架不停留在族群的規範框架，它創造性地轉換成對中國化論述和父權制度的批判。此片也借助馬華的土腔風格和本土音樂創作，建構大馬的地方感性認同，讓流動的本土性也能轉化成離散影像中的土腔口音，隨時可以攜帶出境和入境，造就了離散的去疆界化。
A Comprehensive Study on Social Network Mental Disorders Detection via Online Social Media Mining
(2018-07-01)
Shuai, Hong-Han
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Shen, Chih-Ya
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Yang, De-Nian
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Lan, Yi-Feng Carol
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Lee, Wang-Chien
The explosive growth in popularity of social networking leads to the problematic usage. An increasing number of social network mental disorders (SNMDs), such as Cyber-Relationship Addiction, Information Overload, and Net Compulsion, have been recently noted. Symptoms of these mental disorders are usually observed passively today, resulting in delayed clinical intervention. In this paper, we argue that mining online social behavior provides an opportunity to actively identify SNMDs at an early stage. It is challenging to detect SNMDs because the mental status cannot be directly observed from online social activity logs. Our approach, new and innovative to the practice of SNMD detection, does not rely on self-revealing of those mental factors via questionnaires in Psychology. Instead, we propose a machine learning framework, namely, Social Network Mental Disorder Detection (SNMDD), that exploits features extracted from social network data to accurately identify potential cases of SNMDs. We also exploit multi-source learning in SNMDD and propose a new SNMD-based Tensor Model (STM) to improve the accuracy. To increase the scalability of STM, we further improve the efficiency with performance guarantee. Our framework is evaluated via a user study with 3,126 online social network users. We conduct a feature analysis, and also apply SNMDD on large-scale datasets and analyze the characteristics of the three SNMD types. The results manifest that SNMDD is promising for identifying online social network users with potential SNMDs.
工业工程概念与技术于情境智能之应用
(国立交通大学, 2018-07-01)
陈亭志
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刘正礼
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苏国玮
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郑辰仰
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王玉城
情境智能(ambient intelligence, AmI)是对未来环境的一个愿景－环境以不突兀的、相互联结的、适应性强的、动态的、嵌入的和智慧的方式支援活动于其中的人们。在过去，情境智能的研究人员主要来自资讯工程、电机工程和医学背景。然而，工业工程(industrial engineering, IE)的概念和技术对于情境智能产业的可持续发展至关重要。此外，台湾也有一些公司所生产之产品可以支持情境智能。众所周知的是－工业工程师是工厂的医生。因此，工业工程师对于情境智能产也很重要。基于这些理由，本研究探讨工业工程概念与技术于情境智能之应用。
Enhancing the Thermal Stability of GaSb Schottky-Barrier MOSFET With Pt Source/Drain
(2018-07-01)
Tsai, Ming-Li
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Chang, Yun-Pin
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Chien, Chao-Hsin
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電子工程學系及電子研究所
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Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronics
In this study, a Pt/GaSb Schottky diode with impressive rectifying behavior is used for the first time in the fabrication of a GaSb p-channel Schottkybarrier metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). A gate-last integration scheme was employed to fabricate the MOSFET. Compared with a MOSFET with a Ni-alloy source and drain (S/D), the MOSFET with a Pt-alloy S/D can endure higher thermal stress during atomic layer deposition at 250 degrees C for 1 h without significant junction degradation. This high endurance to thermal stress is because Pt alloy has a lower reactivity to GaSb and a higher crystallization temperature. As a result, a record high ON/OFF ratio of 3 x 10(4) is reported for the GaSb Schottky-barrier MOSFET; an effective hole mobility of approximately 82 cm(2)V(-1)s(-1) is achieved.
Mitigate the Obstructing Effect of Vehicles on the Propagation of VANETs Safety-Related Information
(2018-07-01)
Huang, Rui
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Wu, Jing
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Long, Chengnian
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Zhu, Yanmin
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Li, Bo
As physical obstacles, vehicles have significant impacts on the efficient propagations of safety-related information in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) by frequently obstructing the LOS links between transmitters and receivers. Obstructing effect will diminish the effective coverage of safety-related information and incur severe impact on road safety. However, this impact has not been addressed effectively. In this paper, we first present the definition of broadcast efficiency as the metric for quantizing the obstructing effect. We investigate the optimization issue for mitigating the impact of obstructing effect on the propagation of safety-related information and propose a graph theory based optimization algorithm. For a distributed implementation of this optimization in VANETs, we further propose the maximum broadcast efficiency relaying (MBER) algorithm. MBER maximizes the effective coverage of information, meanwhile, meets delay and reliability constraints by incorporating broadcast efficiency and propagation distance in relay contention. Simulation results demonstrate that MBER promotes the effective coverage of safety-related information in VANETs with varying vehicular distribution.
The Choice of Prices versus Quantities under Outsourcing
(2018-07-01)
Chang, Ray-Yun
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Hu, Jin-Li
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Lin, Yan-Shu
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經營管理研究所
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Institute of Business and Management
This paper establishes a duopoly model with product differentiation and outsourcing in order to analyze the equilibrium competition strategies (choice of prices versus quantities) when the outsourcer outsources its intermediate good to a final product competitor. We show that: (1) both firms choose the quantity strategy when the cost efficiency of the subcontractor is low; (2) the choice of competition strategy is the price strategy for the subcontractor and the quantity strategy for the outsourcer when the cost efficiency of the subcontractor is moderate; (3) both firms choose the price strategy when the cost efficiency of the subcontractor is sufficiently high.
On-chip density mixer enhanced by air chamber
(2018-07-01)
Takayama, Toshio
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Miyashiro, Hiroki
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Tsai, Chia-Hung Dylan
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Ito, Hiroaki
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Kaneko, Makoto
This paper proposes an on-chip density mixer that can achieve even density in a target chamber with a swirling flow enhanced by an air chamber. The system is composed of a main channel, a target chamber where two liquids with different densities are included, an isolated air chamber, and an external vibration pump driven by a piezo actuator at the entrance of the main channel. The air chamber is expected to amplify the vibration owing to structure softening. The amplification would be more pronounced at the resonance frequencies of the structure. We developed the system and conducted experiments. We showed that the swirling motion in the target chamber with an air chamber is stronger than that without an air chamber. We also confirmed that the time resulting in even density is shorter when the pump is driven at a resonance frequency. An air-based virtual valve is introduced for maintaining a constant density in the target chamber. Published by AIP Publishing.
Risk of psychiatric disorders in irritable bowel syndromeA nationwide, population-based, cohort study
(2018-07-01)
Yeh, Hui-Wen
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Chien, Wu-Chien
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Chung, Chi-Hsiang
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Hu, Je-Ming
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Tzeng, Nian-Sheng
AimsThis cohort study aimed to investigate the association between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and the risk of developing psychiatric disorders. MethodsUtilizing the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan, IBS patients were identified and compared with age, sex, and index year-matched controls (1:3). ResultsOf the IBS subjects, 3934 in 22356 (17.60%, or 1533.68 per 100000 person-years) developed psychiatric disorders when compared with 6127 in 67068 (9.14%, or 802 per 100000 person-years) in the non-IBS control group. Fine and Gray's survival analysis revealed that the study subjects were more likely to develop psychiatric disorders. The crude hazard ratio (HR) is 3.767 (95% CI: 3.614-3.925, P<.001), and the adjusted HR is 3.598 (95% CI: 3.452-3.752, P<.001) in the risk of developing psychiatric disorders after being adjusted for age, sex, comorbidities, geographical area of residence, urbanisation level of residence, and monthly insurance premiums. The cohort study revealed that IBS subjects were associated with an increased risk of anxiety, depression, bipolar, and sleep disorders. ConclusionsThis cohort study, using NHIRD, shows evidence support that patients with IBS have a 3.6-fold risk of developing psychiatric disorders. Other large or national datasets should be done to explore to underlying mechanisms.
The Benefit of the Geospatial-Related Waveforms Analysis to Extract Weak Laser Pulses
(2018-07-01)
Teo, Tee-Ann
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Yeh, Wan-Yi
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土木工程學系
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Department of Civil Engineering
Waveform lidar provides both geometric and waveform properties from the entire returned signals. The waveform analysis is an important process to extract the attributes of the reflecting surface from the waveform. The proposed method analyzes the geospatial relationship between the return signals by combining the sequential waves. The idea of this method is to analyze the waveform parameters from sequential waves. Since the adjacent return signals are geospatially correlated, they have similar waveform properties that can be used to validate the correctness of the extracted waveform parameters. The proposed method includes three major steps: (1) single-waveform processing for the initial echo detection; (2) multi-waveform processing using waveform alignment and stacking; (3) verification of the enhanced weak return. The experimental waveform lidar data were acquired using Leica ALS60, Optech Pegasus, and Riegl Q680i. The experimental result indicates that the proposed method successfully extracts the weak returns while considering the geospatial relationships. The correctness and increasing rate of the extracted ground points are related to the vegetated coverage such as the complexity and density. The correctness is above 76% in this study. Because the nearest waveform has a higher correlation, the increase in distance of adjacent waveforms will reduce the correctness of the enhanced weak return.
High-Performance Normally-OFF GaN MIS-HEMTs Using Hybrid Ferroelectric Charge Trap Gate Stack (FEG-HEMT) for Power Device Applications
(2018-07-01)
Wu, Chia-Hsun
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Han, Ping-Cheng
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Liu, Shih-Chien
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Hsieh, Ting-En
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Lumbantoruan, Franky Juanda
A GaN metal-insulator-semiconductor-high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) using hybrid ferroelectric charge trap gate stack (FEG-HEMT) is demonstrated for normally-OFF operation. The ferroelectric (FE) polarization increases the number of trapped charges in the HfON charge trapping layer, leading to high positive threshold voltage (V-th) shift for the normally-OFF device. Besides, under the positive bias temperature instability (PBTI) test, the internal electric field induced by FE polarization causes smoother slope of the conduction band in FE gate stack, resulting in better V-th stability. With the proposed hybrid FE charge trap gate stack, the device exhibits a high V-th of +2.71 V at I-DS = 1 mu A/mm, a high maximum current density of 820 mA/mm and low on-resistance (R-ON) of 11.1 Omega . mm. The FE device also shows good V-th-temperature stability compared to the non-FE device results. Besides, a high current device with 40 A is also fabricated in this letter to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed FEG-HEMT device for high power device application.
A Maze Routing-Based Methodology With Bounded Exploration and Path-Assessed Retracing for Constrained Multilayer Obstacle-Avoiding Rectilinear Steiner Tree Construction
(2018-07-01)
Lin, Kuen-Wey
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Lin, Yeh-Sheng
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Li, Yih-Lang
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Lin, Rung-Bin
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資訊工程學系
Owing to existing intellectual properties, prerouted nets, and power/ground wires, the routing of a system on chip design demands to detour around multilayer obstacles. Traditional approaches for the multilayer obstacle-avoiding rectilinear Steiner tree (ML-OARST) problem are thus nonmaze routing-based approaches for runtime issues, yet they cannot be directly applied to deal with additional constraints such as variant edge weights on a routing layer. In this article, we propose the maze routing-based methodology with bounded exploration and path-assessed retracing to reduce runtime and routing cost for the constrained ML-OARST construction problem. The exploration of maze routing is bounded to reduce the runtime; the costs of connecting pins are computed to select Steiner points in the retracing phase. To further reduce the routing cost, we develop a Steiner point-based ripping-up and rebuilding scheme for altering tree topology. Experimental results on industrial and randomly generated benchmarks demonstrate that the proposed methodology can provide a solution with good quality in terms of routing cost and has a significant speedup compared to traditional maze routing. A commercial tool is also used to show the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
1D photonic crystal strain sensors
(2018-07-01)
Lu, Tsan-Wen
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Wu, Chia-Cheng
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Lee, Po-Tsung
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光電工程學系
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Department of Photonics
We introduce a photonic crystal nanocavity consisting of one-dimensional periodic nanorods embedded in a deformable polydimethylsiloxane substrate, which exhibits a high-quality factor and a large wavelength response to the applied strain. By further investigating its wavelength response to nonaxial planar strains, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a sensor unit that can precisely identify different planar strains, including their application direction, type, and value. This sensor prototype with small footprint and feasible coupling with optical waveguides could provide additional flexibility for strain analysis in a wide range of fields.
Why are women with obesity more likely to develop breast cancer
(2018-07-01)
Chen, Sheng-I
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Hsieh, Chia-Chien
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工業工程與管理學系
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Department of Industrial Engineering and Management
Using intelligent computing and data stream mining for behavioral finance associated with market profile and financial physics
(2018-07-01)
Lin, Chien-Cheng
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Chen, Chun-Sheng
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Chen, An-Pin
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資訊管理與財務金融系註：原資管所+財金所
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Department of Information Management and Finance
Day trading has become an important topic of discussion in the last decades, especially with regard to computer program trading or the increasing trend of high-frequency transactions. However, due to the high level of complexity regarding the forecasting of day trading trends, the use of traditional financial analysis or technical indicators for the forecasting of short-term market trends is often ineffective. The main reason is that in addition to the technical analysis of market physical trends, financial market trading behaviors are also often affected by psychological factors such as greed and fear, which are emotions displayed by investors during the transaction process. For this reason, this study will use the neural network to integrate into the financial engineering technology analysis of the physical momentum behavior and market profile theory to quantify controlled learning. The goal is to be able to provide an empirical explanation of the discoveries related to trading behaviors by using trading strategies. Our experiments showed that trading behaviors in the financial market could be explained by the physical trends of a quantitative and technical analysis of the market profile theory. It has also been proven that the financial trading market follows the existence of a certain trading logic. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Investigation and Optimization of Ultrathin Buffer Layers Used in Cu/Sn Eutectic Bonding
(2018-07-01)
Tang, Ya-Sheng
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Chen, Hsiu-Chi
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Kho, Yi-Tung
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Hsieh, Yu-Sheng
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Chang, Yao-Jen
Ultrathin buffer layers (UBLs) with varied thickness ranging from 10 to 100 nm and different materials were used in Cu/Sn eutectic bonding. A Cu/Sn film thinner than 2 mu m could fully react and became stiff and rough Cu-Sn intermetallic compound layer, which leads to failure bonding. Four kinds of semiconductor compatible materials including Ti, Pd, Co, and Ni were inserted between Cu/Sn to delay interdiffusion prior to eutectic bonding. In addition to symmetric Cu/Sn bonding with UBL, asymmetric Cu/Sn-Cu bonding scheme with 50-nm Ni UBL was demonstrated. With good mechanical properties, bonding quality, and electrical characteristics, the application of submicrometer Cu/Sn wafer-level bonding by assistance of buffering layer gives a promising and flexible platform for future 3-D integration applications.
In Vitro and In Vivo Experimental Studies of PM2.5 on Disease Progression
(2018-07-01)
Cho, Ching-Chang
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Hsieh, Wen-Yeh
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Tsai, Chin-Hung
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Chen, Cheng-Yi
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Chang, Hui-Fang
Air pollution is a very critical issue worldwide, particularly in developing countries. Particulate matter (PM) is a type of air pollution that comprises a heterogeneous mixture of different particle sizes and chemical compositions. There are various sources of fine PM (PM2.5), and the components may also have different effects on people. The pathogenesis of PM2.5 in several diseases remains to be clarified. There is a long history of epidemiological research on PM2.5 in several diseases. Numerous studies show that PM2.5 can induce a variety of chronic diseases, such as respiratory system damage, cardiovascular dysfunction, and diabetes mellitus. However, the epidemiological evidence associated with potential mechanisms in the progression of diseases need to be proved precisely through in vitro and in vivo investigations. Suggested mechanisms of PM2.5 that lead to adverse effects and chronic diseases include increasing oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and genotoxicity. The aim of this review is to provide a brief overview of in vitro and in vivo experimental studies of PM2.5 in the progression of various diseases from the last decade. The summarized research results could provide clear information about the mechanisms and progression of PM2.5-induced disease.