Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2018-07-15"

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歐拉的學伴:威伊，我的父親
(國立交通大學丘成桐中心, 2018-07-15)
席爾薇威伊
;
趙學信
;
Sylvie Weil
作者簡介:席爾薇‧威伊曾在巴納德學院、本寧頓學院和亨特學院以及紐約市立大學研究生中心任教法國文學
《論語》的閱讀與理解
(國立交通大學丘成桐中心, 2018-07-15)
蔣紹愚
《論語》是一部影響極大的著作，研究《論語》對研究中國古代文化有十分重要的意義。但要研究《論語》，首先要對《論語》有正確的解讀。《論語》中很多文句，歷來有多種不同的解釋，究竟哪一種對？怎樣理解才符合《論語》的原意？這往往需要從語法、辭彙和語音方面對這些文句作深入的分析。下面就我在閱讀《論語》過程中遇到的幾個問題作一些分析。
中英名詞對照
(國立交通大學丘成桐中心, 2018-07-15)
中英名詞對照
士族門第如何看待數學？
(國立交通大學丘成桐中心, 2018-07-15)
洪萬生
著者簡介:洪萬生為臺灣師大數學系退休教授，臺灣HPM發起人，強調數學史在數學教育中的功能，更是臺灣數學科普推手，近年來推動以文學小說促進數學普及。
中國應當建造巨型對撞機嗎？
(國立交通大學丘成桐中心, 2018-07-15)
霍金
;
凱恩
;
鮮于中之
;
Stephen Hawking
;
Gordon Kane
霍金（1942 年1 月8 日∼2018 年3 月14 日），英國著名物理學家與宇宙學家，被譽為繼愛因斯坦後最傑出的理論物理學家之一。1974 年獲選為英國皇家學會院士，是當時最年輕的院士。1992 年當選美國科學院外籍院士，1979 年至2009 年擔任劍橋大學的盧卡斯數學教授，生前任職劍橋大學理論宇宙學中心研究主任。凱恩，美國密西根大學魏斯科普夫（Victor Weisskopf）特聘教授，密西根理論物理中心榮譽主任。曾獲美國物理學會頒發的利林菲爾德獎（2012 年）與櫻井獎（2017 年）。
數學與疫苗如何確保你遠離流感？:簡單的數學揭示：如何以不需要全面的疫苗接種阻止疾病以指數形式散播，從而避免流行病爆發
(國立交通大學丘成桐中心, 2018-07-15)
洪納
;
紀露結
;
Patrick Honner
作者洪納在布魯克林科技高中教授數學和計算機科學，他還擔任該校的教學教練。他是「為美國教數學」（Math for America）的專家級講師，而獲頒2 013 年美國的數學和科學教學卓越總統獎。他經常發表數學和教學的文章和演講。
半個古典詩人的獨白
(國立交通大學丘成桐中心, 2018-07-15)
丁邦新
宋朝的大詩人陸游有一首詩說：「衣上征塵雜酒痕，遠遊無處不銷魂。此身合是詩人未？細雨騎驢入劍門。」（劍門道中道遇微雨）「衣服上征戰的塵土夾雜著酒痕，我遠離家鄉到處遊歷，沒有一個地方不令我感動莫名。我自己究竟算不算得上是一個詩人？騎着毛驢，冒着細雨，慢慢地走入了劍門。」像陸游這樣的愛國詩人，劉大杰說他是南宋詩壇的領袖，他還自問究竟算不算得上是一個詩人，我今天來講這個題目，自封為半個詩人，其實還把自己說得太高了。但是說我是四分之一個詩人或者五分之一個詩人，又好像有點不大成話。各位知道我是研究中國音韻學和方言學的，暫且算是半個詩人吧！我今天想講的一部分是研究，一部分是創作。先講研究，後談創作。希望從兩者彼此的影響裡談一點個人的淺見。
只有詠唱才能學會詠唱（上）::悼威廉‧瑟斯頓（1946~2012）
(國立交通大學丘成桐中心, 2018-07-15)
噶拜
;
科寇夫
;
翁秉仁
;
David Gabai
;
Steve Kerckhoff
瑟斯頓（William Paul Thurston，大家都叫他比爾）是一位卓越的數學家，他的工作和思想澈底改變許多數學領域的風貌，包括葉層論（foliation）、泰希穆勒理論（Teichmüller theory）、曲面自同構（automorphism）、三維拓樸、接觸結構（contact structure）、雙曲幾何、有理映射、圓裝填（circle packing）、不可壓縮曲面（incompressible surface）、三維流形之幾何化等等。瑟斯頓的影響遠遠超過他曾提出的傑出洞見、定理或猜想。比爾改變了人們思考與看待事物的方式，大方分享他那種好玩、很奇特、近似魔術，有時又顯得雜沓的數學思路。
讓研究和生活結合在一起:王慕道教授訪談
(國立交通大學丘成桐中心, 2018-07-15)
李瑩英
;
黃國卿
受訪者簡介:臺灣大學數學系畢業，哈佛大學數學博士。曾任教於史丹福大學，目前為哥倫比亞大學教授。研究興趣包括微分幾何、離散群、偏微分方程和廣義相對論。曾獲2007 年陳省身獎、2010 年晨興數學金獎、2012 年傅斯年獎。
編輯曲線
(國立交通大學丘成桐中心, 2018-07-15)
編輯室
本期內容:從大自然掘取數學問題
淺議現代數學物理對數學的影響
(國立交通大學丘成桐中心, 2018-07-15)
孔良
從上個世紀80 年代以來，數學物理，特別是量子場論和弦論，對數學的很多領域都產生了影響。，本文以不進入任何具體細節的方式，試圖在哲學層面來解析這個潮流的根源和特點，以期得到以上問題的一個解答。當然我們的真正目的並不是去解答這個「膚淺」的問題，而是瞭解藏在現象背後的深層原因，從而瞭解我們在歷史脈絡裡的位置和時代賦予我們的機遇和使命。
從大自然掘取數學問題:姚鴻澤院士訪談
(國立交通大學丘成桐中心, 2018-07-15)
翁秉仁
;
馮肅媛
受訪者簡介: 姚鴻澤為臺灣大學數學系畢業，普林斯頓大學數學博士。曾任教於紐約大學、史丹福大學，目前為哈佛大學教授。研究領域為數學物理。2000 年麥克阿瑟獎、2001 年晨興數學金獎、2002 年中研院院士，2003 年美國國家科學院院士。
數理簡訊
(國立交通大學丘成桐中心, 2018-07-15)
編輯室
最大質數的新里程碑
早期臺灣偏微分方程的一些研究活動:1980 年到1992 年
(國立交通大學丘成桐中心, 2018-07-15)
林松山
我要談的是以下五個活動：1. 劉太平在中研院主持的雙曲型偏微分方程2. 中美偏微分方程研討會3. 倪維明在清華的橢圓型偏微分方程課程4. 京都大學RIMS 的偏微分方程研討會5. 丘成桐在清華
A comparison of different definitions of metabolic syndrome for the risks of atherosclerosis and diabetes
(2018-07-16)
Tsai, Sung-Sheng
;
Chu, Yun-Yi
;
Chen, Szu-Tah
;
Chu, Pao-Hsien
;
材料科學與工程學系
Background: The reported outcomes of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), containing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and diabetes, vary according to the definitions used. This study was designed to compare the performance of the Adult Treatment Panel III/American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (ATP III/AHA/NHLBI) and International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria for the risks of atherosclerosis and diabetes. Methods: We sifted subjects from a self-paid Health examination program from 1999 to 2015 in this cross-sectional population-based study. On the basis of the ATP III/AHA/NHLBI and IDF criteria, the MetS diagnosis and scores were concluded. A brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) more than or equal to 1400 cm/s indicated more severe arterial stiffness, and a high fasting glucose level more than or equal to 6.99 mmol/L or postprandial glucose level more than or equal to 11.10 mmol/L indicated diabetic-level hyperglycemia. Comparisons of the areas under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC-ROC) for both MetS scores to correlate with a higher baPWV and diabetic-level hyperglycemia were evaluated. Results: In the 26,735 enrolled subjects with an average age of 55 (+/- 12) years, 6633 and 7388 (24.8% vs. 27.6%, p < 0.001) were classified as having MetS on the basis of the ATP III/AHA/NHLBI and IDF criteria, respectively. The AUC-ROC for the ATP III/AHA/NHLBI-MetS score were higher than those for the IDF-MetS score (0.685 vs. 0.595 to correlate with a higher baPWV, p < 0.001; 0.791 vs. 0.665 to correlate with diabetic-level hyperglycemia, p < 0.001). Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that through a holistic approach, the performance of the ATP III/AHA/NHLBI-MetS score for the risks of atherosclerosis and diabetes was superior to the IDF-MetS score for Asians.
Band alignment of In2O3/beta-Ga2O3 interface determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
(2018-07-16)
Sun, Shun-Ming
;
Liu, Wen-Jun
;
Wang, Yong-Ping
;
Huan, Ya-Wei
;
Ma, Gan
The energy band alignment of the atomic-layer-deposited In2O3/beta-Ga2O3((2) over bar 10) interface is evaluated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The X-ray diffraction pattern reveals that the In2O3 film grown at 160 degrees C is amorphous, while it becomes polycrystalline at a higher deposition temperature of 200 degrees C. The bandgaps, determined by reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy, are 4.65, 3.85, and 3.47 eV for beta-Ga2O3, polycrystalline In2O3, and amorphous In2O3, respectively. Both amorphous and polycrystalline In2O3/beta-Ga2O3 interfaces have Type I alignment. The conduction and valence band offsets at the polycrystalline (amorphous) In2O3/beta-Ga2O3 interface are 0.35 and 0.45 eV (0.39 and 0.79 eV), respectively. These observations suggest that polycrystalline In2O3 as an intermediate semiconductor layer is beneficial to the barrier reduction of metal/Ga2O3 contact. Published by AIP Publishing.
Solvent-Induced Shape Recovery of Anisotropic Polymer Particles Prepared by a Modified Thermal Stretching Method
(2018-07-17)
Lo, Yu-Ching
;
Tseng, Hsiao-Fan
;
Chiu, Yu-Jing
;
Wu, Bo-Hao
;
Li, Jia-Wei
Anisotropic polymer particles have attracted great attention because of their unique properties and potential applications in various areas, such as microelectronics, drug delivery, and medical imaging. The fabrication and morphology control, especially the shape recovery, of anisotropic polymer particles, however, remains a challenging task. In this work, we develop a novel strategy to fabricate anisotropic polymer particles by thermally stretching poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films embedding polystyrene (PS) microspheres using a weight. Depending on the preannealing condition, anisotropic PS particles with two different shapes, sharp-headed and blunt-headed PS particles, can be obtained. The PVA films can be selectively removed by isopropanol/water, releasing the anisotropic PS particles. By adding tetrahydrofuran (THF), a good solvent for PS, into the PS particle-containing solutions, the anisotropic particles gradually transform back to spheres to reduce the total interfacial energies. The shape recovery rates of the polymer particles can be controlled by the amount of the added THF. This work not only provides a simple and feasible route to fabricate anisotropic polymer particles but also contributes to a deeper understanding in the solvent-induced shape recovery process from anisotropic polymer particles to polymer spheres.
Point-driven modern Chladni figures with symmetry breaking
(2018-07-18)
Tuan, P. H.
;
Lai, Y. H.
;
Wen, C. P.
;
Huang, K. F.
;
Chen, Y. F.
Point-driven modern Chladni figures subject to the symmetry breaking are systematically unveiled by developing a theoretical model and making experimental confirmation in the orthotropic brass. The plates with square shape are employed in the exploration based on the property that the orientation-dependent elastic anisotropy can be controlled by cutting the sides with a rotation angle with respect to the characteristic axes of the brass. Experimental results reveal that the orientation symmetry breaking not only causes the redistribution of resonant frequencies but also induces more resonant modes. More intriguingly, the driving position in some of new resonant modes can turn into the nodal point, whereas this position is always the anti-node in the isotropic case. The theoretical model is analytically developed by including a dimensionless parameter to consider the orientation symmetry-breaking effect in a generalized way. It is numerically verified that all experimental resonant frequencies and Chladni patterns can be well reconstructed with the developed model. The good agreement between theoretical calculations and experimental observations confirms the feasibility of using the developed model to analyze the modern Chladni experiment with orientation symmetry breaking. The developed model is believed to offer a powerful tool to build important database of plate resonant modes for the applications of controlling collective motions of micro objects.
Hydrogen Generation Method, System, and Solution Used Therein
(2018-07-19)
Tung-Kung Wu
;
Jia-Hao Lin
;
Chun-Sheng Peng
;
Yi-Ting Chen
A hydrogen generation method including steps as follows: adding a nitrogen-substituted derivative of an alkyldithiolate ruthenium complex as a biomimetic hydrogenase photocatalyst into a solution, adding an organic acid into the solution, adding a P-ligand into the solution, adding an electron donor into the solution, and irradiating the solution with light in order to generate hydrogen.
Polymorphic Behavior of Perylene and Its Influences on OFET Performances
(2018-07-19)
Hsieh, Chou-Ting
;
Chen, Chin-Yi
;
Lin, Heng-Yi
;
Yang, Cheng-Jui
;
Chen, Tzu-Jung
Among the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, although perylene is commercially available and possesses higher solubility and stability than the others, its thin-film structures and organic field-effect transistor (OFET) performances have been rarely explored. To understand its potential as an active material in OFETs, the polymorphic behaviors, packing structures, and OFET characteristics of perylene were carefully examined. The well-oriented crystal arrays of perylene prepared via droplet-pinned crystallization delivered the highest hole mobility among the reported perylene OFETs. Fluorescence microscope, electron diffraction, and lattice modeling results confirm the polymorphic behavior of perylene in the solution-processed crystal arrays and its influences on the OFET performances. The concentration-sensitive and temperature-sensitive polymorphic behavior of perylene make processing conditions crucial in the preparation of pure-phase crystal arrays. The results show the great potential of perylene as an active material in low-cost and high-performance OFETs. Moreover, the knowledge regarding the polymorphic behavior of perylene provides opportunity for the further optimization of perylene-based OFETs.