Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2018-11-05"

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交大e-News第266期-奉獻半導體產業與學術界張俊彥校長獲頒褒揚令
(2018-11-05)
國立交通大學秘書室
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Secretariat
Association of hyperuricemia with disease severity in chronic hepatitis C patients
(2018-11-05)
Jang, Tyng-Yuan
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Yeh, Ming-Lun
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Huang, Ching-, I
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Lin, Zu-Yau
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Chen, Shinn-Cherng
Background/aims Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with extrahepatic manifestations such as metabolic abnormalities. The association between chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and uric acid levels has rarely been investigated. We aimed to evaluate the levels of serum uric acid in CHC patients. Methods Three hundred and seventy-three histologically confirmed CHC patients who were scheduled to receive antiviral therapy were consecutively enrolled, and 746 age- and sex-matched uninfected controls were included for comparison. Hyperuricemia was defined as a uric acid level > 7 mg/dL in men and > 6.0 mg/dL in women. Results Hyperuricemia was identified in 15.8% of the CHC patients. The uric acid levels did not differ between the CHC patients and the controls (5.54 +/- 1.20 mg/dL vs. 5.45 +/- 1.45 mg/dL, P = 0.3). Among the 373 CHC patients, the factors associated with hyperuricemia included body mass index (BMI) (OR/CI: 1.13/1.04-1.21, P = 0.003) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (OR/CI: 0.98/0.97-1.00, P = 0.02). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the factors associated with hyperuricemia in male patients included BMI (OR/CI: 1.12/1.05-1.30, P = 0.006) and advanced fibrosis (F3-4) (OR/CI: 0.27/0.09-0.83, P = 0.02), whereas the factors associated with hyperuricemia in female patients included eGFR (OR/CI: 0.97/0.95-0.99, P = 0.02) and diabetes (OR/CI: 3.03/1.11-8.25, P = 0.03). There was a significant decreasing trend of serum uric acid levels with the progression of fibrotic stages among male patients (6.21 +/- 1.03 mg/dL 5.82 +/- 1.16 mg/dL and 5.44 +/- 1.28 mg/dL in stages F0-2, F3, and F4, respectively, trend P = 0.01). Conclusions Hyperuricemia was inversely associated with liver disease severity in CHC male patients.
Femtomolar Detection of Dengue Virus DNA with Serotype Identification Ability
(2018-11-06)
Chowdhury, Ankan Dutta
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Ganganboina, Akhilesh Babu
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Nasrin, Fahmida
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Takemura, Kenshin
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Doong, Ruey-an
Dengue surveillance trusts only on reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) type methodologies for confirmation of dengue virus serotypes; however, its real time application is restricted due to the expensive, complicated, and time-consuming process. In search of a new sensing system, here, we have reported a two-way-detection method for Dengue virus (DENV) serotype identification along with DNA quantification by using a new class of nanocomposite of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) and nitrogen, sulfur codoped graphene quantum dots (N,S-GQDs). The N,S-GQDs@AuNP has been used for serotype detection via a simple fluorescence technique using four dyecombined probe DNAs which is further validated by confocal microscopy. The quantification of the DNA has been measured by the differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) technique using methyelene blue as a redox indicator. Results obtained in this study, clearly demonstrate that the N,S-GQDs@AuNP can efficiently detect the four serotypes of DENV individually in the concentration range of 10(-14 )to 10(-6 )M with the LOD of 9.4 fM. In addition, to confirm its applicability in long chained complex DNA system, the sensor was also applied to the clinically isolated DENV DNA and showed satisfactory performances for serotype identification as well as quantification. We hope this simple and reliable method can pave an avenue for the development of sensitive and robust sensing probes in biomedical applications.
Evaluating critical rainfall conditions for large-scale landslides by detecting event times from seismic records
(2018-11-06)
Kuo, Hsien-Li
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Lin, Guan-Wei
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Chen, Chi-Wen
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Saito, Hitoshi
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Lin, Ching-Weei
One purpose of landslide research is to establish early warning thresholds for rainfall-induced landslides. Insufficient observations of past events have inhibited the analysis of critical rainfall conditions triggering landslides. This difficulty may be resolved by extracting the timing of landslide occurrences through analysis of seismic signals. In this study, seismic records of the Broadband Array in Taiwan for Seismology were examined to identify ground motion triggered by large landslides that occurred in the years 2005 to 2014. A total of 62 landslide-induced seismic signals were identified. The seismic signals were analyzed to determine the timing of landslide occurrences, and the rainfall conditions at those times - including rainfall intensity (I), duration (D), and effective rainfall (Rt) - were assessed. Three common rainfall threshold models (I -D , I-Rt, and Rt-D) were compared, and the crucial factors of a forecast warning model were found to be duration and effective rainfall. In addition, rainfall information related to the 62 landslides was analyzed to establish a critical height of water model, (I - 1.5) . D = 430.2. The critical height of water model was applied to data from Typhoon Soudelor of 2015, and the model issued a large landslide warning for southern Taiwan.
Spatiotemporally-Controlled Ultrasound-Triggered Release of Nitric Oxide Using Nano Au-Polymersomes/S-Nitrosoglutathione Mitigates Post-Resuscitation Cerebral Vasoconstriction and Neuronal Apoptosis via Reciprocating Akt-eNOS-NO Signaling
(2018-11-06)
Chang Wei-Tien
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Wang Woan-Yi
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Hsu Min-Hsuan
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Kao Po-Tsung
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Wang Chih-Hung
New iridium-containing conjugated polymers for polymer solar cell applications
(2018-11-07)
Keshtov, M. L.
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Kuklin, S. A.
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Konstantinov, I. O.
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Chen, Fang-Chung
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Xie, Zhi-yuan
A series of novel donor-acceptor (D-A) copolymers P1-P5 with iridium-complexed moieties in their side chains have been synthesized on the basis of a new iridium-containing monomer. The results obtained show that P1-P5 have good thermal stability (317-347 degrees C) for photovoltaic applications. These copolymers absorb visible light in a broad spectral range up to 680 nm. The optical bandgaps of P1-P5 are in the range of 1.96-2.08 eV, respectively. The HOMO and LUMO energy levels of the polymers P1-P5 estimated from cyclic voltammetry measurements indicate that these copolymers are suitable as electron donors along with PC71BM as an electron acceptor for bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells. BHJ polymer solar cells were developed based on blend compositions (P1-P5):PC71BM. The values of J(sc), V-oc, and FF are in the range of 0.95-4.44 mA cm(-2), 0.67-0.69 V and 34.6-56.8%, and the power conversion efficiencies (PCE) are in the range of 0.22-1.74%, respectively, the highest value of 1.74% being for P3. Increase of the photovoltaic parameters was achieved with increasing iridium complex percentage in the polymers due to involvement of triplet effects. The improvement in the efficiency of the triplet-forming polymers P2 and P3 in comparison with P1 appears to be due to the formation of triplet excitons in comparison with singlet excitons in the polymer P1 which does not contain heavy metals. With further increase in the content of iridium complex fragments in the polymers, for example, up to 3 mol% for polymer P4, the efficiency falls to 1.23% and further decreased to 0.22% for P5.
Synthesis of perinaphthenones through rhodium-catalyzed dehydrative annulation of 1-naphthoic acids with alkynes
(2018-11-07)
Fukuyama, Takahide
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Sugimori, Taiki
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Maetani, Shinji
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Ryu, Ilhyong
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應用化學系
An efficient approach to the synthesis of perinaphthenones via the rhodium-catalyzed dehydrative annulation of 1-naphthoic acids with internal alkynes was developed. Norbornadiene can act as an acetylene equivalent to give unsubstituted perinaphthenones at the 2- and 3-positions via dehydrative annulation followed by a retro Diels-Alder reaction.
Compound Molecular Logic in Accessing the Active Site of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase B
(2018-11-07)
Morrell, Thomas E.
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Rafalska-Metcalf, Ilona U.
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Yang, Haw
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Chu, Jhih-Wei
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生物資訊及系統生物研究所
Protein tyrosine phosphatase B (PtpB) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) extends the bacteria's survival in hosts and hence is a potential target for Mtb-specific drugs. To study how Mtb-specific sequence insertions in PtpB may regulate access to its active site through large-amplitude conformational changes, we performed free-energy calculations using an all-atom explicit solvent model. Corroborated by biochemical assays, the results show that PtpB's active site is controlled via an "either/or" compound conformational gating mechanism, an unexpected discovery that Mtb has evolved to bestow a single enzyme with such intricate logical operations. In addition to providing unprecedented insights for its active-site surroundings, the findings also suggest new ways of inactivating PtpB.
Bottle beam generation from a frequency-doubled Nd:YVO4 laser
(2018-11-08)
Tung, J. C.
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Ma, Y. Y.
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Miyamoto, K.
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Chen, Y. F.
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Omatsu, T.
We demonstrate, for the first time, the direct generation of a bottle beam with a well-isolated threedimensional zero-intensity dark core (high potential barrier) from a compact intracavity frequency-doubled Nd:YVO4 laser with a nearly hemispherical cavity. We also numerically calculate the physical properties of the generated bottle beam using a coherent superposition of a series of frequency-locked Laguerre-Gaussian modes.
ELECTRODELESS LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE DISPLAY AND METHOD FOR FABRICATING THE SAME
(2018-11-08)
Ray-Hua HORNG
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Huan-Yu CHIEN
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Ken-Yen CHEN
An electrodeless LED display and a method for fabricating the same are disclosed. In the method, an epitaxial layer is provided and a transparent conduction layer is formed on the epitaxial layer to bond a substrate. The epitaxial layer is etched to form dies deposition metal films on the transparent conduction layer. Conduction channels are formed on the substrate, and two ends of each conduction channel are respectively provided two conduction metal blocks. First metal members are formed on the metal film formed on the dies and the conduction metal blocks to connect with the dies on the different conduction channels. Then, second metal members are formed on the first metal members formed on the conduction metal blocks, whereby the second metal members and the first metal members formed on the dies are located on an identical plane.
ELECTRODELESS LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE DISPLAY AND METHOD FOR FABRICATING THE SAME
(2018-11-08)
Ray-Hua HORNG
;
Huan-Yu CHIEN
;
Ken-Yen CHEN
An electrodeless LED display and a method for fabricating the same are disclosed. In the method, an epitaxial layer is provided and a transparent conduction layer is formed on the epitaxial layer to bond a substrate. The epitaxial layer is etched to form dies deposition metal films on the transparent conduction layer. Conduction channels are formed on the substrate, and two ends of each conduction channel are respectively provided two conduction metal blocks. First metal members are formed on the metal film formed on the dies and the conduction metal blocks to connect with the dies on the different conduction channels. Then, second metal members are formed on the first metal members formed on the conduction metal blocks, whereby the second metal members and the first metal members formed on the dies are located on an identical plane.
Adaptive Controller used in Photoplethysmography Sensing System
(2018-11-08)
Paul C. P. Chao
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Tse-Yi Tu
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Bo-Wei Pan
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Yan-Hwa Wu
An adaptive controller used in a photoplethysmography sensing system, comprises a plurality of hardware circuits which are configured to: receive a photoplethysmography signal (hereinafter, “PPG signal”) processed; determine whether the PPG signal processed satisfies with a requirement; output the PPG signal processed if the PPG signal processed satisfies with a requirement; and adjust a gain of an amplifier for amplifying the PPG signal and/or a driving signal of a light source if the PPG signal processed does not satisfy with a requirement.
DATA DRIVEN MANAGEMENT METHOD AND DEVICE OF SMALL CELL NETWORK
(2018-11-08)
LI-CHUN WANG
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SHAO-HUNG CHENG
A data driven management device of a small cell network is provided, wherein the device includes a data receiver, a data processor and a data configurator. The data receiver receives parameters configured and managed from each of small cells. The data processor is configured to pre-process the received parameters to remove the unnecessary parameters and to calculate at least one performance result based on the pre-processed parameters. The data processor is further configured to establish a model based on at least one of the pre-processed parameters. The data processor determines the optimized parameter based on the best performance result of the model to determine a decision result. The data configurator is connected to the data processor and configures and manages the small cells based on the decision result.
Enhancement of Surface Chemical and Physical Properties of Germanium-Sulfur Thin Film Using a Water-Supplemented Carbon Dioxide Supercritical Fluid Treatment Technique
(2018-11-09)
Yang, Chih-Cheng
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Chen, Po-Hsun
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Shih, Chih-Cheng
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Wang, Ming-Hui
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Tsai, Tsung-Ming
In this study, an oxidation treatment technique suitable for the material and electronic device applications proceeding at low temperature (only 80 degrees C) and high pressure (3000 psi) utilizing a carbon dioxide (CO2) supercritical fluid (SCF), also known as scCO(2), which is supplemented with water molecules, is reported. To demonstrate the possible effects on material and devices for the proposed SCF treatment, an amorphous germanium-sulfur (GeS) thin film and a GeS-based resistance random access memory (RRAM) device are prepared. After the SCF treatment, electrical measurements confirm that the GeS-based RRAM device exhibits a lower forming voltage, more stable resistance switching characteristics, and higher concentration distributions of high and low resistance states when compared to the device without SCF treatment. As for the material effects, both chemical and physical properties are examined based on material analyses results. It is concluded that the original amorphous GeS thin film transforms to a polycrystallized GeO film, confirmed by a reaction model for the SCF treatment illustrating possible oxidation and crystallization effects induced by this SCF treatment. This water-enhanced scCO(2) SCF treatment technique, thus, shows its capability as a feasible synthetic method for material modification as well as suitability for device level applications.
The biomimic oxidase activity of layered V2O5 nanozyme for rapid and sensitive nanomolar detection of glutathione
(2018-11-10)
Ganganboina, Akhilesh Babu
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Doong, Ruey-an
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環境工程研究所
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Institute of Environmental Engineering
The development of efficient sensing element for rapid and sensitive measurement of glutathione is important on early detection of human diseases. Herein, we introduce the V2O5 nanosheets (NS) as a novel nanozyme to biomimic the oxidase activity toward the rapid detection of glutathione. The 5-6 layered V2O5 NS with 300-600 nm in size is successfully fabricated by ultra-sonication assisted exfoliation of bulk V2O5 using N, N-dimethyl formamide as the intercalation reagent. The sensing mechanism involves the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) by V2O5 NS with the concomitant increase in absorption intensity. Upon introduction of glutathione, the oxidized TMB is converted back to its original form and results in the simultaneous decrease in peak intensity at 650 nm. The sensor exhibits a good linear response to glutathione in the range of 10-500 nM with a limit of detection of 2.4 nM. Moreover, the V2O5-TMB sensor exhibits a good selectivity and high specificity, which makes the detection of glutathione applicable in diluted human serum samples. Since no functionalization of the V2O5 NS is required, this sensing system can open a new avenue to serve as an efficiently biomimic oxidase for glutathione detection in biological fluid samples.
媽媽請注意　肥胖增加嬰兒致病率
(2018-11-11)
姚璇
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
新研究指出，肥胖母親所生出的嬰兒，患有脂肪肝疾病等問題的風險較體重正常的母親所生出的嬰兒高。快來看看專家怎麼說！
不只是一種人生　斜槓青年吳承峰
(2018-11-11)
顏筱娟
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
你有想過自己一生中會有多少標籤嗎？多重人生的斜槓青年正崛起。
圖文天后　彎彎邁入15週年
(2018-11-11)
卓瑋哲
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
家喻戶曉的圖文創作者彎彎，不知不覺已經陪伴讀者15年了，這些年來有歡笑有淚水，但創作的初衷從未改變。
抗生素優化　超級細菌掰掰？
(2018-11-11)
梁書瑜
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
科學家近日在抗生素上的新發現為醫療研究帶來曙光，「超級細菌」這個名詞會從此在地球上消失嗎？身處在這大千世界的我們又該如何自處呢？
海水取鈾小幫手　金屬多酚細胞膜
(2018-11-11)
林侑萱
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
傳統開採鈾礦的方式有什麼缺點？若能直接從海水中取出核能發電所需的原料，能為我們和環境帶來甚麼改變？