Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2019-03-21"

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Metal substituted pyrochlore phase LixLa2-xCe1.8Ru0.2O7- (x=0.0-0.6) as an effective catalyst for oxidative and auto-thermal steam reforming of ethanol
(2019-03-21)
Hsieh, Ho-Chen
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Chang, Yuan-Chia
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Tsai, Ping-Wen
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Lin, Yen-Yu
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Chuang, Yu-Chun
Pyrochlore phase LixLa2-xCe1.8Ru0.2O7- (x = 0.0-0.6) [LLCRO] substituted by Li and Ru in A and B sites was synthesized and studied for performance in oxidative steam and auto-thermal reforming of ethanol (OSRE, ATR). The samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to examine the effect of substituted Li+ and Run+ on OSRE performance. The results indicated that the substituted Li ions modified the oxidation states of Ru and Ce in LLCRO, which led to oxygen vacancies/mobility and played an important role in the catalytic performance of OSRE. Using LLCRO as the catalyst and supported by Al2O3, La2Zr2O7 (LZO) was investigated for its hydrogen production performance. The catalytic stability of the LLCRO (x = 0.6)/LZO catalysts was tested at 350 degrees C under oxidative steam conditions (OSRE) and showed a stable ethanol conversion and hydrogen production (X-EtOH = 98(3)%; S-H2 = 95(3)%). Under autothermal conditions (ATR), the LLCRO (x = 0.6) catalyst supported by LZO exhibited a stable catalytic performance with an average ethanol conversion and hydrogen selectivity of 90(3)% and 71(4)%, respectively. Carbon deposition was significantly suppressed during the OSRE and ATR processes on LLCRO (x = 0.6) catalysts supported by LZO, whereas, a significant carbon deposition was observed for LLCRO (x = 0.6)/Al2O3 as the catalyst. These results indicate that LLCRO (x = 0.6) supported by LZO is an effective catalyst for hydrogen production. The enhanced activity was attributed to the effectively suppressed carbon deposition and the sintering of highly dispersed Ru ions in the LLCRO catalyst, which may be due to the strong binding between the catalyst and LZO.
One-pot synthesis of 4-arylidene imidazolin-5-ones by reaction of amino acid esters with isocyanates and alpha-bromoketones
(2019-03-21)
Haung, Jia-Yun
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Barve, Indrajeet J.
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Sun, Chung-Ming
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應用化學系
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Department of Applied Chemistry
A simple and new multicomponent reaction for the one-pot synthesis of substituted 4-arylidene imidazolin- 5-ones from L-amino acid methyl esters, iso-, isothio-or isoselenocyanates, and alpha-bromoketones is demonstrated. Isolation of thiohydantoin and 5-benzylidene 2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-one intermediates revealed a possible reaction mechanism. The strategy was further extended to the synthesis of 2-iminothiazolines and 2-thioxoimidazolin-4-ones.
總編輯的話
(2019-03-24)
李庭安
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
本期為喀報308期，總共3篇文章。本期頭題為呂奕廷的《遊戲藝術論戰？文化美學新世代》，文章討論分析精闢，並閱讀起來十分有趣，獲得一致肯定。另外總編輯的話藏著藏頭尾詩，還請笑閱。
你今天「敗」了嗎
(2019-03-24)
殷顗霖
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
【網路時代「購」不夠？了解知識一起GO！】專題

介紹21世紀的網購風潮，相對傳統購物的優勢，以及對我們造成的影響。
總編輯的話
(2019-03-24)
李庭安
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Department of Communication and Technology
;
傳播與科技學系
本期為喀報308期，總共3篇文章。本期頭題為呂奕廷的《遊戲藝術論戰？文化美學新世代》，文章討論分析精闢，並閱讀起來十分有趣，獲得一致肯定。另外總編輯的話藏著藏頭尾詩，還請笑閱。
循環經濟小百科
(2019-03-24)
梁書瑜
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
【垃圾消失了？循環經濟大解密】專題

你聽過產業共生嗎？你知道甚麼是生物循環嗎？在這個快速製造、大量消費的時代，有一股綠色力量正悄悄崛起，本篇將帶您以圖表的方式了解這既環保又創新的商業模式——「循環經濟」。
遊戲藝術論戰？文化美學新世代
(2019-03-24)
呂奕廷
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
【第九藝術的綻放：獨立遊戲】專題

近年來隨著獨立遊戲的漸盛，我們不再只看到迎合大眾口味的電玩遊戲獨霸市場；而是有越來越多充滿人性創意、自我表達的獨立遊戲浮上檯面。在這個時代，我們可以重新審視遊戲的藝術性，並了解從藝術的觀點而言遊戲的地位何在。
3D visualizations of nanoscale phase separation and ultrafast dynamic correlation between phases in (Na0.32K0.68)(0.95)Fe1.75Se2
(2019-03-25)
Cheng, P. C.
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Tzeng, W. Y.
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Chu, Y. J.
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Luo, C. W.
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Zhukov, A. A.
Phase separation of metallic and antiferromagnetic (AFM) insulating phases in alkaline iron selenides (A(x)Fe(2)-ySe(2)) continues to attract intense interest because the relationship between two peculiar features probably is a key to clarifying the pairing mechanism of A(x)Fe(2-y)Se(2) superconductors. Here we report that the three-dimensional (3D) visualizations of nanoscale phase separation in (Na0.32K0.68)(0.95)Fe1.75Se2 single crystals are revealed by hybrid focused-ion-beam scanning electron microscopy and the superconducting paths are fully percolative in 3D. Moreover, the phase-related ultrafast dynamics in (Na0.32K0.68)(0.95)Fe1.75Se2 is studied by dual-color pump-probe spectroscopy. The anomalous changes in the electron and acoustic phonon components of transient reflectivity change (Delta R/R) identify two characteristic temperatures T* similar to 100K (the onset temperature of coupling between the nanometallic and AFM phases) and T-H similar to 230K (the onset temperature of the metallic-interface phase). An energy-transfer channel between the nanometallic and AFM phases is inferred. This proposed channel provides insight into the pairing mechanism of alkaline iron selenide superconductors.
A Post-Training Study on the Budgeting Criteria Set and Priority for MALE UAS Design
(2019-03-25)
Chi, Li-Pin
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Fu, Chen-Hua
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Chyng, Jeng-Pyng
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Zhuang, Zheng-Yun
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Huang, Jen-Hung
A recent study proposed a systematic "(budgeting) knowledge discovery educational framework" (BKDEF). This BKDEF is focused on guiding staff training courses for enhancing the ability to allocate the "large but limited" budget for single, high-cost product design. However, except for its initial application to support the budget planning for the next generation fighter design, the framework's effectiveness is still awaiting further scrutiny. This study fills the gap by providing the "second application" of BKDEF, which is to support another similar decision for designing the medium-altitude long-endurance unmanned aerial system (MALE UAS). This paper verified the effectiveness of the framework through an empirical application and obtained the knowledge required to allocate a budget for MALE UAS design following the group-opinion basis. In addition, the original analytical style for the last "decision analysis" phase of BKDEF, which included pure quantitative analytical items in order to understand the similarities and diversities in the individual opinions, was replaced by a comparative study to discover the homogeneity and heterogeneity between the two budgeting decisions in a larger scope. As a consequence, the two criteria sets did not overlap despite both decisions being related to military aircraft design. The absolute weights for the MALE UAS design criteria were more balanced than those for the air-superior fighter design, even if the size of the criteria set was larger. The results pave a way for future studies on how other military aircrafts are designed, as more confidence about the use of a BKDEF can be gained from increasing applications, thus more insightful aerospace knowledge can be exploited in comparisons with these works.
Control of Dopant Distribution in Yttrium-Doped Bioactive Glass for Selective Internal Radiotherapy Applications Using Spray Pyrolysis
(2019-03-25)
Tesfay, Abadi Hadush
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Chou, Yu-Jen
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Tan, Cheng-Yan
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Bakare, Fetene Fufa
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Tsou, Nien-Ti
In this study, we demonstrate the fabrication of Y-doped bioactive glass (BG), which is proposed as a potential material for selective internal radiotherapy applications. Owing to its superior bioactivity and biodegradability, it overcomes the problem of yttrium aluminosilicate spheres that remain in the host body for a long duration after treatment. The preparation of Y-doped BG powders were carried out using a spray pyrolysis method. By using two different yttrium sources, we examine the change of the local distribution of yttrium concentration. In addition, characterizations of phase information, particle morphologies, surface areas, and bioactivity were also performed. The results show that both Y-doped BG powders are bioactive and the local Y distribution can be controlled.
Identification and characterization of the lncRNA signature associated with overall survival in patients with neuroblastoma
(2019-03-26)
Sathipati, Srinivasulu Yerukala
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Sahu, Divya
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Huang, Hsuan-Cheng
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Lin, Yenching
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Ho, Shinn-Ying
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a commonly occurring cancer among infants and young children. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been using as prognostic biomarkers for therapeutics and interventions in various cancers. Considering the poor survival of NB, the lncRNA-based therapeutic strategies must be improved. This work proposes an overall survival time estimator called SVR-NB to identify the lncRNA signature that is associated with the overall survival of patients with NB. SVR-NB is an optimized support vector regression (SVR)-based method that uses an inheritable bi-objective combinatorial genetic algorithm for feature selection. The dataset of 231 NB patients that contains overall survival information and expression profiles of 783 lncRNAs was used to design and evaluate SVR-NB from the database of gene expression omnibus accession GSE62564. SVR-NB identified a signature of 35 lncRNAs and achieved a mean squared correlation coefficient of 0.85 and a mean absolute error of 0.56 year between the actual and estimated overall survival time using 10-fold cross-validation. Further, we ranked and characterized the 35 lncRNAs according to their contribution towards the estimation accuracy. Functional annotations and co-expression gene analysis of LOC440896, LINC00632, and IGF2-AS revealed the association of co-expressed genes in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways.
Optimal contrast analysis with heterogeneous variances and budget concerns
(2019-03-26)
Jan, Show-Li
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Shieh, Gwowen
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管理科學系
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Department of Management Science
The omnibus test is commonly applied to evaluate the overall disparity between group means in ANOVA. Alternatively, linear contrasts are more informative in detecting specific pattern of mean differences that cannot be obtained via the omnibus test. This article concerns power and sample size calculations for contrast analysis with heterogeneous variances and budget concerns. Optimal allocation procedures for the Welch-Satterthwaite tests of standardized and unstandardized contrasts are presented to minimize the total sample size with the designated ratios, to meet a desirable power level for the least cost, and to attain the maximum power performance under a fixed cost. Currently available methods rely exclusively on simple allocation formula and direct rounding rule. The proposed allocation strategies combine the computing techniques of nonlinear optimization search and iterative screening process. Numerical assessments of a randomized control trial for the overcoming depression on the Internet are conducted to demonstrate and confirm that the approximate procedures do not guarantee optimal solution. The suggested approaches extend and outperform the existing findings in methodological soundness and overall performance. The corresponding computer algorithms are developed to implement the recommended power and sample size calculations for optimal contrast analysis.
Temporal Stability of Smartphone Use Data: Determining Fundamental Time Unit and Independent Cycle
(2019-03-26)
Pan, Yuan-Chien
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Lin, Hsiao-Han
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Chiu, Yu-Chuan
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Lin, Sheng-Hsuan
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Lin, Yu-Hsuan
Background: Assessing human behaviors via smartphone for monitoring the pattern of daily behaviors has become a crucial issue in this century. Thus, a more accurate and structured methodology is needed for smartphone use research. Objective: The study aimed to investigate the duration of data collection needed to establish a reliable pattern of use, how long a smartphone use cycle could perpetuate by assessing maximum time intervals between 2 smartphone periods, and to validate smartphone use and use/nonuse reciprocity parameters. Methods: Using the Know Addiction database, we selected 33 participants and passively recorded their smartphone usage patterns for at least 8 weeks. We generated 4 parameters on the basis of smartphone use episodes, including total use frequency, total use duration, proactive use frequency, and proactive use duration. A total of 3 additional parameters (root mean square of successive differences, Control Index, and Similarity Index) were calculated to reflect impaired control and compulsive use. Results: Our findings included (1) proactive use duration correlated with subjective smartphone addiction scores, (2) a 2-week period of data collection is required to infer a 2-month period of smartphone use, and (3) smartphone use cycles with a time gap of 4 weeks between them are highly likely independent cycles. Conclusions: This study validated temporal stability for smartphone use patterns recorded by a mobile app. The results may provide researchers an opportunity to investigate human behaviors with more structured methods.
Investigation of non-unique relationship between soil electrical conductivity and water content due to drying-wetting rate using TDR
(2019-03-26)
Chung, Chih-Chung
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Lin, Chih-Ping
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Yang, Shi-Hui
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Lin, Jhe-Yi
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Lin, Chun-Hung
The characterization of the relationship between volumetric soil water content (theta) and bulk electrical conductivity (EC) (or electrical resistivity) is of high interest in fields of engineering, fundamental petrophysical, hydrological model parameterization, and quantitative hydrogeophysical interpretations. Based on the relationship, for instance, the broad-area image using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) can be transformed into theta tomograms as initial/boundary conditions of the slope stability analysis. However, the relationship is affected by the hysteresis, leading the inconsistency in drying-wetting circles. Therefore, this study focused on the factor of soil drying-wetting rate using the proposed time domain reflectometry (TDR) method and related sensors for such characterization. A modified pressure plate apparatus enhanced by TDR was first employed with a relatively low rate in which EC and theta were measured simultaneously, without evident non-unique relationship. A TDR penetrometer was then designed for acquiring the temporal variations of theta and EC in the field. On the basis of certain assumptions, observations showed an apparent dependency of the slope of the theta-EC rating curve on rates, but no hysteresis pattern. Finally, a laboratory controlled fast wetting drying cell was used to increase the response time, proving that both the hysteresis and slopes of the theta-EC rating curves were obviously affected by the soil drying-wetting rate, as a significant finding to the related topics.
Flexible Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS2) Atomic Layers for Wearable Electronics and Optoelectronics
(2019-03-27)
Singh, Eric
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Singh, Pragya
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Kim, Ki Seok
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Yeom, Geun Young
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Nalwa, Hari Singh
Flexible, stretchable, and bendable materials, including inorganic semiconductors, organic polymers, graphene, and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), are attracting great attention in such areas as wearable electronics, biomedical technologies, foldable displays, and wearable point-of-care biosensors for healthcare. Among a broad range of layered TMDs, atomically thin layered molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has been of particular interest, due to its exceptional electronic properties, including tunable bandgap and charge carrier mobility. MoS2 atomic layers can be used as a channel or a gate dielectric for fabricating atomically thin field-effect transistors (FETs) for electronic and optoelectronic devices. This review briefly introduces the processing and spectroscopic characterization of large-area MoS2 atomically thin layers. The review summarizes the different strategies in enhancing the charge carrier mobility and switching speed of MoS2 FETs by integrating high-K dielectrics, encapsulating layers, and other 2D van der Waals layered materials into flexible MoS2 device structures. The photoluminescence (PL) of MoS2 atomic layers has, after chemical treatment, been dramatically improved to near-unity quantum yield. Ultraflexible and wearable active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AM-OLED) displays and wafer-scale flexible resistive random-access memory (RRAM) arrays have been assembled using flexible MoS2 transistors. The review discusses the overall recent progress made in developing MoS2 based flexible FETs, OLED displays, nonvolatile memory (NVM) devices, piezoelectric nanogenerators (PNGs), and sensors for wearable electronic and optoelectronic devices. Finally, it outlines the perspectives and tremendous opportunities offered by a large family of atomically thin-layered TMDs.
Gene-Embedded Nanostructural Biotic-Abiotic Optoelectrode Arrays Applied for Synchronous Brain Optogenetics and Neural Signal Recording
(2019-03-27)
Huang, Wei-Chen
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Chi, Hui-Shang
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Lee, Yi-Chao
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Lo, Yu-Chun
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Liu, Ta-Chung
Optogenetics is a recently established neuromodulation technique in which photostimulation is used to manipulate neurons with high temporal and spatial precision. However, sequential genetic and optical insertion with double brain implantation tends to cause excessive tissue damage. In addition, the incorporation of light-sensitive genes requires the utilization of viral vectors, which remains a safety concern. Here, by combining device fabrication design, nanotechnology, and cell targeting technology, we developed a new gene-embedded optoelectrode array for neural implantation to enable spatiotemporal electroporation (EP) for gene delivery/transfection, photomodulation, and synchronous electrical monitoring of neural signals in the brain via one-time implantation. A biotic-abiotic neural interface (called PG) composed of reduced graphene oxide and conductive polyelectrolyte 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-modified amphiphilic chitosan was developed to form a nanostructural hydrogel with assembled nanodomains for encapsulating nonviral gene vectors (called PEI-NT-pDNA) formulated by neurotensin (NT) and polyethylenimine (PEI)-coupled plasmid DNA (pDNA). The PG can maintain high charge storage ability to respond to a minimal current of 125 mu A for controllable gene delivery. The in vitro analysis of PG-PEI-NT-pDNA on the microelectrode array chip showed that the microelectrodes provided electrically inductive electropermeabilization, which permitted gene transfection into localized rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells with a strong green fluorescent protein expression that was up to 8-fold higher than that in nontreated cells. Furthermore, the in vivo implantation enabled on-demand spatiotemporal gene transfection to neurons with 10-fold enhancement of targeting ability compared with astrocytes. Finally, using the real optogenetic opsin channelrhodopsin-2, the flexible neural probe incorporated with an optical waveguide fiber displayed photoevoked extracellular spikes in the thalamic ventrobasal region after focal EP for only 7 days, which provided a proof of concept for the use of photomodulation to facilitate neural therapies.
Naphthobisthiadiazole-Based Selenophene-Incorporated Quarterchalcogenophene Copolymers for Field-Effect Transistors and Polymer Solar Cells
(2019-03-27)
Cao, Fong-Yi
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Lin, Fang-Yu
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Tseng, Cheng-Chun
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Hung, Kai-En
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Hsu, Jhih-Yang
In this research, we developed six new selenophene-incorporated naphthobisthiadiazole-based donor-acceptor polymers PNT2Th2Se-OD, PNT2Se2Th-OD, PNT4Se-OD, PNT2Th2Se-DT, PNT2Se2Th-DT, and PNT4Se-DT. The structure-property relationships have been systematically established through the comparison of their structural variations: (1) isomeric biselenophene/bithiophene arrangement between PNT2Th2Se and PNT2Se2Th polymers, (2) biselenophene/bithiophene and quarterselenophene donor units between PNT2Th2Se/PNT2Se2Th and PNT4Se polymers, and (3) side-chain modification between the 2-octyldodecylthiophene (OD)- and 2-decyltetradecyl (DT)-series polymers. The incorporation of selenophene units in the copolymers induces stronger charge transfer to improve the light-harvesting capability while maintaining the strong intermolecular interactions to preserve the intrinsic crystallinity for high carrier mobility. The organic field-effect transistor device using PNT2Th2Se-OD achieved a high hole mobility of 0.36 cm(2) V-1 s(-1) with an on/off ratio of 1.9 x 10(5). The solar cells with PNT2Th2Se-OD:PC71BM exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 9.47% with a V-oc of 0.68 V, an fill factor of 67%, and an impressive J(SC), of 20.69 mA cm(-2).
CONTROL SYSTEM FOR AN ELECTROLYTIC CELL
(2019-03-28)
Jin-Chern CHIOU
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Pao-Yuan CHANG
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Yu-Chieh HUANG
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Chin-Cheng WU
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Huang-Yuan CHANG
A control system for an electrolytic cell includes a voltage converter converting an input voltage into a decomposition voltage, a temperature sensor generating a sensed temperature, an electric power sensor generating a sensed voltage, and a control unit storing voltage-temperature characteristics. The control unit determines a voltage that corresponds to the sensed temperature according to one of the voltage-temperature characteristics, and generates, according to a difference between the voltage thus determined and the sensed voltage, a control signal which is provided to the voltage converter such that the decomposition voltage decreases along with increase in the sensed temperature.
Synthesis of novel conjugated polymers based on benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d ']-bis([1,2,3]triazole) for applications in organic field-effect transistors
(2019-03-28)
Yeh, Yao-Ming
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Huang, Chiao-Hui
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Peng, Shih-Hao
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Chang, Chia-Chih
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Hsu, Chain-Shu
Novel donor-acceptor (D-A) conjugated polymers based on 4,8-bis(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-2,6-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-2H-benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d']- bis([1,2,3]triazole)-6-ium-5-ide (BTBBTa) combined with three different electron-donating monomers bithiophene (BT), thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (TT), (E)-2-[2-(thiophen-2yl)vinyl]thiophene (TVT) were synthesized. By replacing the sulfur atoms on benzobisthiadiazole with nitrogen atoms, benzobistriazole (BBTa) can possess alkyl chains on the central nitrogen atoms rather than on the thiophene rings along the polymer chain, which can reduce the steric hindrance between neighboring monomers and increase the planarity of polymers. The optical, thermal and electrochemical properties of the polymers were characterized, respectively. DFT calculations were used to calculate the optimized geometries of polymer backbones. The thin film microstructures of the polymers were characterized by using GIWAXS and AFM. In these novel polymers, PBTBBTa-BT displayed the highest hole mobility of 0.21 cm(2) V-1 s(-1).
Label-free impedimetric immunosensor based on N, S-GQDs decorated Au-PANI for selective detection of carcinoembryonic antigen
(2019-03-31)
Ganganboina, Akhilesh Babu
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Doong, Ruey-An
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環境工程研究所
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Institute of Environmental Engineering