Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2019-08-21"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 7035

Ammonia photosynthesis via an association pathway using a plasmonic photoanode and a zirconium cathode
(2019-08-21)
Oshikiri, Tomoya
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Ueno, Kosei
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Misawa, Hiroaki
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交大名義發表
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National Chiao Tung University
Most conventional photoelectrochemical-based methods for synthesizing NH3 show low selectivity due to the generation of H-2 as a by-product. In principle, two types of reaction mechanisms can occur in the reduction of N-2 to NH3. One is an associative pathway in which N-2 molecules on the catalyst are hydrogenated. The other is a dissociative pathway in which nitrogen and hydrogen react after the cleavage of the strong N-2 triple bond. Understanding the mechanism of NH3 formation on the electrode will facilitate the development of selective and efficient NH3 synthesis techniques. In this study, we constructed a two-electrode system composed of a strontium titanate photocatalytic anode in which the plasmon effect is expressed by plasmonic gold nanoparticles and a zirconium cathode, which was connected to the external circuit to investigate the reaction by electrochemical analysis in addition to analysis of the product. The bias and pH dependences of the reaction were then systematically investigated, and the plasmon-induced synthesis of NH3 on Zr was proposed to proceed via an associative pathway.
Intelligent whole-blood imaging flow cytometry for simple, rapid, and cost-effective drug-susceptibility testing of leukemia
(2019-08-21)
Kobayashi, Hirofumi
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Lei, Cheng
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Wu, Yi
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Huang, Chun-Jung
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Yasumoto, Atsushi
Drug susceptibility (also called chemosensitivity) is an important criterion for developing a therapeutic strategy for various cancer types such as breast cancer and leukemia. Recently, functional assays such as high-content screening together with genomic analysis have been shown to be effective for predicting drug susceptibility, but their clinical applicability is poor since they are time-consuming (several days long), labor-intensive, and costly. Here we present a highly simple, rapid, and cost-effective liquid biopsy for ex vivo drug-susceptibility testing of leukemia. The method is based on an extreme-throughput (>1 million cells per second), label-free, whole-blood imaging flow cytometer with a deep convolutional autoencoder, enabling image-based identification of the drug susceptibility of every single white blood cell in whole blood within 24 hours by simply flowing a drug-treated whole blood sample as little as 500 mu L into the imaging flow cytometer without labeling. Our results show that the method accurately evaluates the drug susceptibility of white blood cells from untreated patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Our method holds promise for affordable precision medicine.
A unified model of mean-time-to-failure for electromigration, thermomigration, and stress-migration based on entropy production
(2019-08-21)
Tu, K. N.
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Gusak, A. M.
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國際半導體學院
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International College of Semiconductor Technology
We have revisited Black's equation of mean-time-to-failure (MTTF) for electromigration from the viewpoint that in irreversible processes, entropy production is the controlling behavior. We justify that the power factor on current density is n = 2, as given in the original Black's equation. Furthermore, on the basis of entropy production, we provide a unified model of MTTF for thermomigration and stress-migration. We note that up to now, no MTTF for thermomigration and stress-migration is given. Published under license by AIP Publishing.
Surface Micro-/Nanotextured Hybrid PEDOT:PSS-Silicon Photovoltaic Cells Employing Kirigami Graphene
(2019-08-21)
Huang, Chi-Hsien
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Chen, Zih-Yang
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Chiu, Chi-Ling
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Huang, Tzu-Ting
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Meng, Hsin-Fei
Kirigami graphene allows a two-dimensional material to transform into a three-dimensional structure, which constitutes an effective transparent electrode candidate for photovoltaic (PV) cells having a surface texture. The surface texture of an inverted pyramid was fabricated on a Si substrate using photolithography and wet etching, followed by metal-assisted chemical etching to obtain silicon nanowires on the surface of the inverted pyramid. Kirigami graphene with a cross-pattern array was prepared using photolithography and plasma etching on a copper foil. Then, kirigami graphene was transferred onto hybrid heterojunction PV cells with a poly(ethylene terephthalate)/silicone film. These cells consisted of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate)-(PEDOT:PSS) as the p-type semiconductor, Si(100) as the inorganic n-type semiconductor, and a silver comb electrode on top of PEDOT:PSS. The conductivity of PEDOT:PSS was greatly improved. This improvement was significantly higher than that achieved by the continuous graphene sheet without a pattern. Transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy results revealed that the greater improvement with kirigami graphene was due to the larger contact area between PEDOT:PSS and graphene. By using two-layer graphene having a kirigami pattern, the power conversion efficiency, under simulated AM1.5G illumination conditions, was significantly augmented by up to 9.8% (from 10.03 to 11.01%).
Quantifying the nonclassicality of pure dephasing
(2019-08-22)
Chen, Hong-Bin
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Lo, Ping-Yuan
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Gneiting, Clemens
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Bae, Joonwoo
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Chen, Yueh-Nan
One of the central problems in quantum theory is to characterize, detect, and quantify quantumness in terms of classical strategies. Dephasing processes, caused by non-dissipative information exchange between quantum systems and environments, provides a natural platform for this purpose, as they control the quantum-to-classical transition. Recently, it has been shown that dephasing dynamics itself can exhibit (non)classical traits, depending on the nature of the system-environment correlations and the related (im)possibility to simulate these dynamics with Hamiltonian ensembles-the classical strategy. Here we establish the framework of detecting and quantifying the nonclassicality for pure dephasing dynamics. The uniqueness of the canonical representation of Hamiltonian ensembles is shown, and a constructive method to determine the latter is presented. We illustrate our method for qubit, qutrit, and qubit-pair pure dephasing and describe how to implement our approach with quantum process tomography experiments. Our work is readily applicable to present-day quantum experiments.
Exploring candidate biological functions by Boolean Function Networks for Saccharomyces cerevisiae (vol 12, e0185475, 2017)
(2019-08-22)
Simak, Maria
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Yeang, Chen-Hsiang
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Lu, Henry Horng-Shing
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生物資訊及系統生物研究所
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Institude of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology
Recovery of sulfuric acid from piranha solution over a dimensionally stable anode (DSA) Ti-RuO2 electrode and beyond
(2019-08-25)
Carretero, Daniel Sanchez
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Huang, Chih-Pin
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Huang, Chin-Pao
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交大名義發表
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National Chiao Tung University
Effect of adding graphene oxide composite on the performance of anammox for nitrogen removal
(2019-08-25)
Huang, Tsung-Hsien
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Tung, Fang-Tsen
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Lin, Jih-Gaw
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Chen, Wei-Hsiang
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環境工程研究所
AgAu alloy nanoshell: Decorated BaTiO3/TiO2 and SrTiO3/TiO2 for photoelectrochemical catalysis
(2019-08-25)
Chang, Yung-Shan
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Lee, T. Randall
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Hsu, Yung-Jung
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Medhi, Riddhiman
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Srinoi, Pannaree
Roles of surface properties of amorphous TiO2 in photocatalytic CO2 reduction
(2019-08-25)
Kharade, Aparna
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Chang, Sue-Min
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環境工程研究所
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Institute of Environmental Engineering
Imprinted copolymer/SiO2 hybrid for selective adsorption of bisphenol A
(2019-08-25)
Chin, Kae Zheng
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Chang, Sue-Min
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環境工程研究所
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Institute of Environmental Engineering
Mono- and bis-norbornene annulated biarylamines through pseudo-Catellani intermediates by Pd-catalyzed C-H activation
(2019-08-25)
Chuang, Shih-Ching
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交大名義發表
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National Chiao Tung University
Selective electrocatalytic N2 reduction to ammonia by bimetallic nanocrystal
(2019-08-25)
Talukdar, Biva
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Kuo, Chun-Hong
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應用化學系
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Department of Applied Chemistry
Using two diarylacetylenes as an implicit benzofulvene for benzofulvenation of o-arylanilines through palladium-catalyzed C-H bond activation
(2019-08-25)
Chuang, Shih-Ching
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交大名義發表
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National Chiao Tung University
Eclipsed digermylenes as building blocks to construct catenated multinuclear germanium chains and rings
(2019-08-25)
Wey, Yu-Te
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Huang, Guo-Tao
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Yu, Jen-Shiang
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Tsai, Yi-Chou
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生物科技學系
Functionalization of graphene oxide film with Au and MoOx nanoparticles as efficient p-contact electrode for perovskite solar cells
(2019-08-25)
Bhosale, Sumit
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Diau, Eric
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應用化學系
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Department of Applied Chemistry
Solar H2 production: CuGa1-xFexO2-carbon nitride as a novel p-n heterojunction for photocatalytic water-splitting
(2019-08-25)
Martinez, Benjamin
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Kuo, Chun-Hong
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應用化學系
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Department of Applied Chemistry
Sulfur-doped graphene quantum dot-based paper sensor for highly sensitive and selective detection of 4-nitrophenol in contaminated water and wastewater
(2019-08-27)
Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh
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Chang, Pei-Yi
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Doong, Ruey-An
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環境工程研究所
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Institute of Environmental Engineering
4-Nitrophenol (4-NP) is a promulgated priority pollutant, which can cause a negative impact on human health. The development of a direct and effective technique for the rapid detection and screening of 4-NP is, therefore, of urgent need. In this study, the blue luminescent sulfur-doped graphene quantum dots (S-GQDs) with a size of 1-5 nm are fabricated using a one-step pyrolysis procedure in the presence of citric acid and 3-mercaptosuccinic acid. The S-GQDs exhibit a strong emission band at 450 nm under the excitation of 330 nm UV light. 4-NP can serve as the fluorescence quencher by the pi-pi interaction with S-GQD, resulting in the linear decrease in fluorescence intensity after the addition of various 4-NP concentrations ranging from 10 nM to 200 mu M. The S-GQDs serve as the sensing probe to enhance the analytical performance on 4-NP detection with the limit of detection values of 0.7 and 3.5 nM in deionized water and wastewater, respectively. The S-GQD based sensing platform can be used to detect 4-NP in different matrices of water and wastewater. In addition, the detected percentages of spiked 4-NP concentrations in the presence of different matrices and interferences are in the range of (98 +/- 5)-(108 +/- 2)%. Moreover, the S-GQD based paper sensor can rapidly screen 4-NP in wastewater within 1 min. Results obtained in this study clearly demonstrate the superiority of S-GQDs as a promising fluorescence probe for highly sensitive and selective detection of a wide concentration range of 4-NP in deionized water and wastewater.
Bone marrow concentrate-induced mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium facilitates wound healing and prevents hypertrophic scar formation in a rabbit ear model
(2019-08-28)
Hu, Ching-Hsuan
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Tseng, Yi-Wen
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Chiou, Chih-Yung
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Lan, Kuan-Chun
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Chou, Chih-Hung
Background Hypertrophic scars (HSs) are formed via an aberrant response to the wound healing process. HSs can be cosmetic or can result in functional problems. Prolonged proliferation and remodeling phases disrupt wound healing, leading to excessive collagen production and HS formation. However, there are currently no satisfactory drugs to prevent HS formation. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) conditioned medium (CM) has therapeutic effects on wound healing and preventing HS formation. Bone marrow concentrate (BMC) contains various growth factors and cytokines that are crucial for regeneration and has been applied in the clinical setting. In this study, we evaluated the effects of BMC-induced MSC CM on HS formation in a rabbit ear model. Methods We established a rabbit ear wound model by generating full-thickness wounds in the ears of rabbits (n = 12) and treated wounds with MSC CM, BMC CM, or BMC-induced MSC CM. Dermal fibroblasts from human hypertrophic scar were stimulated with transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) for 24 h and cultured in each culture medium for 72 h. We measured the hypertrophic scar (HS) formation during the skin regeneration by measuring the expression of several remodeling molecules and the effect of these conditioned media on active human HS fibroblasts. Results Our results showed that BMC-induced MSC CM had greater antifibrotic effects than MSC CM and BMC CM significantly attenuated HS formation in rabbits. BMC-induced MSC CM accelerated wound re-epithelization by increasing cell proliferation. Additionally, BMC-induced MSC CM also inhibited fibrosis by decreasing profibrotic gene and protein expression, promoting extracellular matrix turnover, inhibiting fibroblast contraction, and reversing myofibroblast activation. Conclusions BMC-induced MSC CM modulated the proliferation and remodeling phases of wound healing, representing a potential wound healing agent and approach for preventing HS formation.
Rate coefficient of the reaction CH2OO + NO2 probed with a quantum-cascade laser near 11 mu m
(2019-08-28)
Luo, Pei-Ling
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Chung, Chen-An
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Lee, Yuan-Pern
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交大名義發表
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應用化學系
The reaction of the simplest Criegee intermediate CH2OO with NO2 is considered to be important in atmospheric chemistry because of its prospective contribution to the decay of CH2OO and the additional source of NO3, hence its effects on the NOx and HOx cycles. The reported rate coefficients of this reaction varied by a factor of 5. Employing a cw quantum-cascade laser with wavelength near 11 mu m coupled with Herriott mirrors to probe CH2OO sensitively, we investigated in detail the reaction CH2OO + NO2 under total pressure 5.9-9.7 Torr at 298 K and reported a rate coefficient k(NO2) = (1.0 +/- 0.2) x 10(-12) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1), about one-seventh the value determined with direct measurements of CH2OO by Weltz et al. This smaller rate coefficient implies that the title reaction contributes to the atmospheric source of NO3 and the decay of CH2OO much less than previously conceived.