Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2019-11-01"

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Effect of imperfect interfaces on the field response of multilayered magneto-electroelastic composites under surface loading
(2019-11-01)
Kuo, H. Y.
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Huang, C. S.
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Pan, E.
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土木工程學系
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Department of Civil Engineering
Layered magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) composites with imperfect interface have been investigated in recent years for enhancing the important magnetoelectric coupling effect. However, the impact of the imperfect interface on the elastic, electric and magnetic behaviors has not been studied in details so far. In this paper, a simply supported and multilayered MEE plate with one of the typical imperfect interfaces is proposed to deeply understand the response of the layered plate under surface loading, which mimics the simple tests used in experiments. Based on the extended pseud Stroh formalism and the dual variable and position method, the analytical solutions for anisotropic and multilayered MEE plates with imperfect interfaces are derived. In our numerical studies, we choose BaTiO3 (BTO) as the piezoelectric phase and CoFe2O4 (CFO) as the piezomagnetic phase to construct two sandwich plates (BTO/CFO/BTO, and CFO/BTO/CFO). Under surface loading, responses of these two sandwich plates are analyzed which demonstrate the possibility of optimal tuning the elastic, electric and magnetic fields.
A structure preserving flow for computing Hamiltonian matrix exponential
(2019-11-01)
Kuo, Yueh-Cheng
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Lin, Wen-Wei
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Shieh, Shih-Feng
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應用數學系
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Department of Applied Mathematics
This article focuses on computing Hamiltonian matrix exponential. Given a Hamiltonian matrix H, it is well-known that the matrix exponential e(H) is a symplectic matrix and its eigenvalues form reciprocal (lambda, 1/(lambda) over bar). It is important to take care of the symplectic structure for computing e(H). Based on the structure-preserving flow proposed by Kuo et al. (SIAM J Matrix Anal Appl 37:976-1001, 2016), we develop a numerical method for computing the symplectic matrix pair (M, L) which represents e(H).
臺灣客家節慶政策的創新傳統：從「天穿日」到「全國客家日」
(國立交通大學客家文化學院, 2019-11)
謝名恒
;
Ming-heng Hsieh
本文企圖釐清族群建構與創新傳統對臺灣客家政策的意義與影響。首先，運用次級文獻資料分析「天穿日」的傳統文化意涵，主要提出「天穿日」並非「獨特擁有」而是「持續保有」的觀點。再者，根據政策制定過程闡述「全國客家日」的當代節慶再造，質疑為何是「天穿日」的脫穎而出。最後，通過國家政策下的族群建構，以及納入「客家論述轉化」的辯證，並且加入「創新傳統」的視野，進一步思考當代對傳統之下的重新詮釋。總體而論，本文提供「全國客家日」為何選定「天穿日」的案例作為開展，試圖豐富當代臺灣客家的差異化與多元性，如此的研究範式具有積極且正向的學術意義，強調「客家」概念並非固化均一的靜態標誌，而是一項持續變遷的動態過程。
國立聯合大學客家研究學院介紹
(國立交通大學客家文化學院, 2019-11)
張陳基
;
Chen-chi Chang
國立聯合大學客家研究學院成立於客家人文薈萃的苗栗客庄，於2006年經教育部核准成立，設有客家語言與傳播研究所、文化觀光產業學系、文化創意與數位行銷學系、全球客家研究中心以及苗栗學中心，是一個著重客家產業發展，以數位資訊、經濟產業以及語言傳播等跨學科專業為基礎的現代化客家研究基地。
Utilizing polarization-multiplexing for free space optical communication transmission with security operation
(2019-11-01)
Yeh, Chien-Hung
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Chang, Yao-Jen
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Chow, Chi-Wai
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Lin, Wen-Piao
;
光電工程學系
In this study, we present and demonstrate a 10 Gbit/s on-off keying (OOK) free space optical communication (FSO) system with signal security operation by using polarization-multiplexing method. A single wavelength can be separated two orthogonal polarization FSO signals, which mean the FSOp and FSOs respectively, by using two polarizers with mutually orthogonal polarization directions. And the FSOp and FSOs wavelengths can act as the data and interference channels for FSO connection. When the injected power of FSOs is > -30 dBm, the FSOp signal will be interfered seriously for security protection. In addition, the FSO signal can pass through 25 km fiber link and support 1000 m free space transmission length.
Tellimagrandin II, A Type of Plant Polyphenol Extracted from Trapa bispinosa Inhibits Antibiotic Resistance of Drug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
(2019-11-01)
Chang, Yu-Wei
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Huang, Wan-Chun
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Lin, Chun-Yu
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Wang, Wen-Hung
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Hung, Ling-Chien
The emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a critical global concern. Identifying new candidates of anti-S. aureus agents is urgently required because the therapeutic strategies for infected patients are limited currently. Therefore, the present study investigated whether Tellimagrandin II (TGII), a pure compound extracted from the shells of Trapa bispinosa, exhibits antibacterial effects against MRSA. We first showed that TGII exerted potent inhibitory activity against MRSA with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 128 mu g/mL. The obtained fractional inhibitory concentration suggested that TGII could alone exert antistaphylococcal activity, and TGII combined with low doses of antibiotics displayed synergistic effects against MRSA. Moreover, we found that TGII exerted bactericidal activity by reducing the expression of mecA followed by the negative regulation of the penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) of MRSA. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images further confirmed that TGII destroyed the integrity of the cell wall of MRSA and caused the loss of cytoplasm content. In conclusion, we evidenced the antibacterial effects of TGII against MRSA, which enables the effective dose of current antibiotics to be reduced and the predicament of drug-resistant S. aureus isolates to be overcome.
Effects of signal averaging, gradient encoding scheme, and spatial resolution on diffusion kurtosis imaging: An empirical study using 7T MRI
(2019-11-01)
Chiang, Chia-Wen
;
Lin, Shih-Yen
;
Cho, Kuan-Hung
;
Wu, Kuo-Jen
;
Wang, Yun
Background Although diffusion gradient directions and b-values have been optimized for diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), little is known about the effect of signal averaging on DKI reliability. Purpose To evaluate how signal averaging influences the reliability of DKI indices using two gradient encoding schemes with three spatial resolutions. Study Type Prospective. Animal Model Fifteen naive Sprague-Dawley rats. Field Strength/Sequence DKI was performed at 7T using two schemes (30 directions with three b-values [30d-3b] and six directions with 15 b-values [6d-15b]), three resolutions, and eight repetitions. Assessment DKI reliability was assessed using voxelwise relative error (sigma) and test-retest error of fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and mean kurtosis (MK) within gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM). The number of excitations (NEX) was optimized by considering DKI reliability. The influence of the partial volume effect (PVE) was also assessed. Statistical Test One-way analysis of variance. Results The 30d-3b scheme, compared with the 6d-15b scheme, exhibited apparently smaller sigma(FA) and sigma(MK) (eg, at NEX 1, in GM, for three resolutions, sigma(FA): 19.9-38.2% vs. 34.2-61.4%, sigma(MK): 6.9-11.4% vs. 14.1-15.4%) and similar sigma(MD) (all differences between two schemes <1.6%). The optimal NEX was determined as 2 for enabling a reliable measurement of DKI-derived indices. The PVE at the lowest resolution apparently increased sigma(FA) for both schemes (19.9% for 30d-3b and 34.2% for 6d-15b) and sigma(MK) for the 6d-15b scheme (14.7%) in GM, and exerted lower effects on MK values for the 30d-3b scheme (P > 0.05). Data Conclusion A higher number of diffusion directions would benefit FA and MK estimation. A higher spatial resolution helps to reduce PVE. By using the 30d-3b scheme, MK is considered a robust index to reflect microstructural changes in GM and WM. We propose a systematic approach to determine the optimal DKI protocols for appropriate preclinical settings. Technical Efficacy: Stage 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:1593-1603.
Yolk sac tumor of endometrium: A case report and literature review
(2019-11-01)
Lin, Shih-Wen
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Hsieh, Shu-Wei
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Huang, Shih-Hung
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Liang, Hung-Shuo
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Huang, Chia-Yen
Objective: To report a rare case of endometrial yolk sac tumor (YST) and review published cases of YST of the endometrium. Case report: A 68-year-old female presented with intermittent vaginal spotting for nine months. An endometrial biopsy showed adenocarcinoma. Complete surgical staging operation was performed and the final pathology revealed stage II endometrial yolk sac tumor. The post-operative a-fetoprotein (AFP) level was 133.4 ng/mL. Post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy with bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) regimen was prescribed for 6 cycles. AFP levels were normal before the fourth cycle of chemotherapy. She is disease free 6 months after completion of therapy. Conclusion: Primary YSTs arising in the endometrium is an extremely rare disease especially in postmenopausal women. Complete surgical staging operation with adjuvant chemotherapy will lead to good outcome in this disease. (C) 2019 Taiwan Association of Obstetrics & Gynecology. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.
RPL Enhancement for a Parent Selection Mechanism and an Efficient Objective Function
(2019-11-01)
Singh, Parmod
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Chen, Yaw-Chung
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資訊工程學系
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Department of Computer Science
In routing protocol (RPL), a child node exclusively makes the decision in selecting a parent based on the Rank value. In this paper, we make the parent selection mechanism, a mutual decision between the potential parent node and the child node, which significantly improves the network throughput under a heavy and highly dynamic load. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our parent selection mechanism, we used it to balance the load to avoid congestion by preventing the child node from using the congested parent node. The proposed parent selection mechanism is implemented as an add-on feature in RPL and hence is called enhanced RPL (EN-RPL). Furthermore, we introduce a new objective function for efficient routing (OF-ER) that is based on the newly defined composite efficient routing (CER) metric. CER metric takes important metrics, namely, the link quality, queue utilization, lifetime of node, delay, and number of bottleneck nodes, into account for optimal parent selection. The simulation results demonstrate that EN-RPL lowers the packet loss by up to 37 & x0025; and reduces energy consumption by up to 46.5 & x0025; compared with the standard RPL. The evaluation results of OF-ER outperform the state-of-the-art load balancing-based OF with respect to the network stability, reliability, and energy efficiency.
A high-performance lithium-ion capacitor with carbonized NiCo2O4 anode and vertically-aligned carbon nanoflakes cathode
(2019-11-01)
Cheng, Chung-Fu
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Li, Xiang
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Liu, Kewei
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Zou, Feng
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Tung, Wei-Yao
Lithium ion capacitors (LICs) are energy storage devices integrating the complementary features of both supercapacitors and lithium ion batteries to simultaneously reach high energy and power densities. One of the major challenges in LIC technology is the kinetic imbalance between the faradaic insertion anode and capacitive cathode. Therefore, the design of electrode materials is crucial to enhance the rate performance of anode and the capacitance of the cathode in LIC devices. In this work, novel LICs were demonstrated with nanostructured cathode and anode. A vertically-aligned carbon nanoflakes (VACNFs) cathode provided high electrochemically active surface area and excellent conductivity, while a metal organic framework (MOF) derived carbonized nickel cobalt oxide (cNiCo(2)O(4)) anode ensured fast conversion reactions and remarkable cyclability. Electrochemical characterization of individual electrode confirmed that both electrodes exhibited good electron and ion transport capability. The LICs were fabricated with optimized electrode active materials loading to deliver high energy densities at desired charge/discharge rates. The devices exhibited energy density up to 136.9W h/kg (at 200 W/ kg). At higher power density of 40 kW/kg, under which a full charge-discharge can be finished within 4 s, the LICs could still deliver an energy density of 26.44W h/kg. The devices also showed a good cycle stability (approximate to 90% capacitance retention after 9000 cycles, under current density of 4 A/g) within the voltage range of 1-4.2 V.
Flood hazard mitigation in land subsidence prone coastal areas by optimal groundwater pumping
(2019-11-01)
Chang, Yin-Lung
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Tsai, Tung-Lin
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Yang, Jinn-Chuang
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土木工程學系
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防災與水環境研究中心
Continuing land subsidence can aggravate flood hazard and diminish the effectiveness of existing flood mitigation systems. This paper presents a study of groundwater- pumping management for mitigating flood hazard in a subsidence infested area in the southwest coast of Taiwan. An optimal groundwater-pumping model is developed for preventing flood hazard from worsening and for satisfying the groundwater demand. In an area where the land is susceptible to pumping-induced subsidence, the study shows that proper long-term pumping strategy to manage spatial-temporal variation of future land subsidence should be an integral part of flood risk management as it can sustain the effectiveness of the flood mitigation measures.
論杜潘芳格的基督信仰與詩歌創作
(國立交通大學客家文化學院, 2019-11)
張孝慧
;
Hsiao-hui Chang
2016年3月臺灣女詩人杜潘芳格逝世，回顧其文學作品與生命哲思，基督信仰為其人生依歸與詩思泉源。杜潘出生於新竹新埔客家庄，她是第四代基督徒，意即於十九世紀後期，她的外曾祖父詹鵬材即已開始信奉這種當時客家人眼中的「番仔教」，並且代代相傳。杜潘也延續了家族宗教傳承，帶領兒孫進入教會，讀經禱告。對杜潘而言，基督信仰是她最重要的生命向度。藉由她的詩作與口述歷史以及家人、朋友對她的懷想，我們可以透視她對《聖經》真理的渴慕、對客語宣教的付出以及如何將其所思所行化為詩篇。本研究的主要目的在探究杜潘芳格的家族信仰、神學思維、文學創作以及長期參與的客家福音運動，進而論證與神親近的關係是這位基督徒女詩人的生命根基。
SensorTalk: An IoT Device Failure Detection and Calibration Mechanism for Smart Farming
(2019-11-01)
Lin, Yi-Bing
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Lin, Yun-Wei
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Lin, Jiun-Yi
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Hung, Hui-Nien
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交大名義發表
In an Internet of Things (IoT) system, it is essential that the data measured from the sensors are accurate so that the produced results are meaningful. For example, in AgriTalk, a smart farm platform for soil cultivation with a large number of sensors, the produced sensor data are used in several Artificial Intelligence (AI) models to provide precise farming for soil microbiome and fertility, disease regulation, irrigation regulation, and pest regulation. It is important that the sensor data are correctly used in AI modeling. Unfortunately, no sensor is perfect. Even for the sensors manufactured from the same factory, they may yield different readings. This paper proposes a solution called SensorTalk to automatically detect potential sensor failures and calibrate the aging sensors semi-automatically. Numerical examples are given to show the calibration tables for temperature and humidity sensors. When the sensors control the actuators, the SensorTalk solution can also detect whether a failure occurs within a detection delay. Both analytic and simulation models are proposed to appropriately select the detection delay so that, when a potential failure occurs, it is detected reasonably early without incurring too many false alarms. Specifically, our selection can limit the false detection probability to be less than 0.7%.
Fuzzy approach for production planning by using a three-dimensional printing-based ubiquitous manufacturing system
(2019-11-01)
Chen, Tin-Chih Toly
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交大名義發表
;
National Chiao Tung University
A ubiquitous manufacturing (UM) system is used in manufacturing for obtaining the Internet of things solutions and provides location-based manufacturing services. Human-induced uncertainty and early termination are two complications that hamper the effectiveness of an UM system based on three-dimensional (3D) printing. To resolve these complications, several solutions were considered in this study. First, fuzzy-valued parameters were defined to determine uncertainty. Subsequently, slack was derived to determine whether to restart an early terminated 3D printing process in the same 3D printing facility. Consequently, two optimization models - a fuzzy mixed-integer linear programming model and a fuzzy mixed-integer quadratic programming model - were developed in this study. Based on the two optimization models, a fuzzy 3D printing-based UM system that considers uncertainty and early termination was developed. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology was tested by conducting a regional experiment. The experimental results revealed that the proposed methodology could shorten the average cycle time by 9% and could enable 3D printing facilities to make real-time, online reprinting decisions.
Isoflavone Supplements for Menopausal Women: A Systematic Review
(2019-11-01)
Chen, Li-Ru
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Ko, Nai-Yu
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Chen, Kuo-Hu
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機械工程學系
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Department of Mechanical Engineering
Isoflavones have gained popularity as an alternative treatment for menopausal symptoms for people who cannot or are unwilling to take hormone replacement therapy. However, there is still no consensus on the effects of isoflavones despite over two decades of vigorous research. This systematic review aims to summarize the current literature on isoflavone supplements, focusing on the active ingredients daidzein, genistein, and S-equol, and provide a framework to guide future research. We performed a literature search in Ovid Medline using the search terms "isoflavone" and "menopause", which yielded 95 abstracts and 68 full-text articles. We found that isoflavones reduce hot flashes even accounting for placebo effect, attenuate lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) loss, show beneficial effects on systolic blood pressure during early menopause, and improve glycemic control in vitro. There are currently no conclusive benefits of isoflavones on urogenital symptoms and cognition. Due to the lack of standardized research protocols including isoflavone component and dosage, outcomes, and trial duration, it is difficult to reach a conclusion at this point in time. Despite these limitations, the evidence thus far favors the use of isoflavones due to their safety profile and benefit to overall health.
Long-Term Thermal Stability of Single-Mode VCSEL Under 96-Gbit/s OFDM Transmission
(2019-11-01)
Kao, Hsuan-Yun
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Tsai, Cheng-Ting
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Chi, Yu-Chieh
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Peng, Chun-Yen
;
Leong, Shan-Fong
Thermal-dependent transmission performance and long-term stability of a single-transverse-mode (SM) vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) with directly pre-leveled 16quadrature amplitude modulation orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (16-QAM OFDM) data over 100 m 0M4 multi-mode-fiber (MMF) are demonstrated. Although narrowing the oxide-confined aperture to 3 mu m enables the SM VCSEL with low threshold current of 0.21 mA and high modulation bandwidth of 21.4 GHz, this technology also enlarges the insulating oxide area to accumulate the heat for raising core temperature. This induces a harsh environment as the core temperature persistently increases without dissipation even under the water-cooling control at 20 degrees C. As a result, the SM VCSEL can only guarantee a stable operation for 1.5 h under the encoding of QAM-OFDM data for transmission. After optimization, the SM VCSEL successfully supports a back-to-back transmission capacity as high as 96 Gbit/s. With the assistance of OFDM pre-leveling technique, the 96-Gbit/s QAM-OFDM data transmission is qualified over 100 m OM4 MMF with a receiving power penalty as low as 13 dB.
Reliability Evaluation for a Stochastic Flow Network Based on Upper and Lower Boundary Vectors
(2019-11-01)
Huang, Ding-Hsiang
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Huang, Cheng-Fu
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Lin, Yi-Kuei
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工業工程與管理學系
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Department of Industrial Engineering and Management
For stochastic flow network (SFN), given all the lower (or upper) boundary points, the classic problem is to calculate the probability that the capacity vectors are greater than or equal to the lower boundary points (less than or equal to the upper boundary points). However, in some practical cases, SFN reliability would be evaluated between the lower and upper boundary points at the same time. The evaluation of SFN reliability with upper and lower boundary points at the same time is the focus of this paper. Because of intricate relationships among upper and lower boundary points, a decomposition approach is developed to obtain several simplified subsets. SFN reliability is calculated according to these subsets by means of the inclusion-exclusion principle. Two heuristic options are then established in order to calculate SFN reliability in an efficient direction based on the lower and upper boundary points.
Swimming Pool Associated Vittaforma-Like Microsporidia Linked to Microsporidial Keratoconjunctivitis Outbreak, Taiwan
(2019-11-01)
Chen, Jung-Sheng
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Hsu, Tsui-Kang
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Hsu, Bing-Mu
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Chao, Shih-Chun
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Huang, Tung-Yi
We analyzed 2 batches of environmental samples after a microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis outbreak in Taiwan. Results indicated a transmission route from a parking lot to a foot washing pool to a swimming pool and suggested that accumulation of mud in the foot washing pool during the rainy season might be a risk factor.
Type II, III, and IV Linear-Phase FIR Structures Based on Cardinal Filters
(2019-11-01)
Wang, Peng-Hua
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Yu, Bo-You
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Chen, Po-Ning
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電機工程學系
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Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Novel structures of type II, III, and IV linear-phase finite impulse response (FIR) systems are proposed. It is constituted of a linear combination of basic sub-filters, called , with weighting coefficients equal to the derivatives of the system amplitude response at a prescribed frequency. Since the cardinal filters can be synthesized via recursive closed-form expressions, regardless of the desired system amplitude response, the proposed structure provides a universal design for arbitrary derivative-constrained linear-phase FIR filters. Design examples of maximally flat filters show that further improvement by combining derivative constraints with the least squared error optimization technique can be obtained.
書評：評國際語言監察使協會，2019，《憲法先驅：語言監察使暨官方、少數族群、原住民族語言之保護》
(國立交通大學客家文化學院, 2019-11)
王保鍵
;
Pao-Chien Wang
本文就國際語言監察使協會（International Association of Language Commissioners）所出版的《憲法先驅：語言監察使暨官方、少數族群、原住民族語言之保護》專書，進行評論。本書共計15章，分成兩部份，第一部分為「語言監察使：制度及法律之風貌」，探討語言監察使的結構及制度；第二部分為「先驅工作者」，聚焦於語言監察使之功能、實作方式及影響。我國於2019年公布《國家語言發展法》賦予各國家語言之平等權及相關權利，本書相關論述可為精進國家語言政策之參採。