Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2019-12-15"

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氣候全球拉警報！別再覺得不差你一個！
(2019-12-15)
鄧萱妤
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Department of Communication and Technology
;
傳播與科技學系
【地球只有一個】專題

氣候已經不只是變遷，而是我們正處於氣候緊急狀態。2020年可以是危機、可以是轉機，以下將帶您了解，為何氣候告急、受災國正遭受什麼樣的困境，以及我們可以如何做出改變，又可以如何影響政治意識改變。
Beyond bond links in complex networks:Local bridges, global bridges and silk links
(2019-12-15)
Huang, Chung-Yuan
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Chin, Wei-Chien-Benny
;
Fu, Yu-Hsiang
;
Tsai, Yu-Shiuan
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資訊工程學系
Many network researchers use intuitive or basic definitions when discussing the importance of strong and weak links and their roles. Others use an approach best described as "if not strong, then weak" to determine the strengths and weaknesses of individual links, thus deemphasizing hierarchical network structures that allow links to express different strength levels. Here we describe our proposal for a hierarchical edge type analysis (HETA) algorithm for determining link types at multiple network hierarchy levels based on the common neighbor concept plus statistical factors such as bond links, kth-layer local bridges, global bridges, and silk links-all generated during long-term network development and evolution processes. Two sets of networks were used to validate our proposed algorithm, one consisting of 16 networks employed in multiple past studies, and one consisting of two types of one-dimensional small-world networks expressing different random rewiring or shortcut addition probabilities. Two applications with potential for developmental contributions are demonstrated: a network fingerprint analysis framework, and a hierarchical network community partition method. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
新生代！都市原住民與部落的距離
(2019-12-15)
施詞萱
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Department of Communication and Technology
;
傳播與科技學系
【新生代！都市原住民與部落的距離】專題

居住在都市的新生代原住民，擁有獨特血脈文化的他們，對於原鄉以及部落的距離，究竟是遠還是近呢？
審美的崩壞？從頭解構Ins風
(2019-12-15)
沈品妤
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
【Ins風的美麗與哀愁】專題

本篇報導將書寫ins風蔚為風潮的表象下，其社會及心理原因，社群媒體如何推波助瀾，以及衍生出的現象，進而探討ins的風潮對於現在商家以及創意產業有什麼影響。
染髮劑身家大調查你知多少？
(2019-12-15)
陳炘瑜
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Department of Communication and Technology
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傳播與科技學系
【成為自己的設計師──DIY染髮的秘密】專題

你知道染髮劑的起源嗎？你知道染髮市場的潛力有多驚人嗎？市面上能輕易買到的開架染劑真的安全嗎？本篇帶你一窺染髮劑身後不為人知的秘密！
Color tuning in thermo-sensitive chiral photonic liquid crystals based on the pseudo-dielectric heating effect
(2019-12-15)
Yeh, Min-Chih
;
Yang, Sheng-Hsiung
;
Lee, Wei
;
照明與能源光電研究所
;
影像與生醫光電研究所
The ability of electro-thermal tuning in center wavelength (X,) of the Bragg reflection band is promoted in cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) containing a positive-dielectric-anisotropy liquid crystal host (E7) and a binary chiral dopant (R-811 and R-5011). In the CLC mixtures with a fixed R-811 content of 30 wt%, the transition temperature of the smectic-A phase to CLC phase decreases when the R-5011 loading increases. The CLC systems are temperature-sensitive, each exhibiting a temperature range of about 9-12 degrees C in the CLC phase. Optimization of the content of R-5011 at 1.5 wt% allows for the remarkably effective thermal tuning in lambda(c )from 780 nm to 380 nm in response to a temperature increase of merely 3 degrees C from the room temperature. Under the mechanism of pseudo-dielectric heating, the tunable lambda(c) can shift in the entire visible spectrum by an applied voltage as low as 7 V-rms at a frequency of 2 MHz across the cell gap of a 4.8-mu m-thick cell. Furthermore, a multifunctional and operation-reversible device is demonstrated by the control of the applied AC voltage, yielding an optical device in which the reflection band can be tuned and the mode can be switched among the reflection, scattering, and transparent states. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Applications of nanofluids in photovoltaic thermal systems: A review of recent advances
(2019-12-15)
Abbas, Naseem
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Awan, Muhammad Bilal
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Amer, Mohammed
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Ammar, Syed Muhammad
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Sajjad, Uzair
The aim of this study is to present a critical review of the impact of nanofluids on the performance enhancement of PV/T systems. The review has analyzed the effects of nanoparticle type, size, volume fraction and concentration ratio on the performance of PV/T systems. Furthermore, the type of base-fluid, flow channels, and flow types have also been studied comprehensively in relation to nanofluids characteristics and properties. Results have shown that the inclusion of nanofluid enhances the overall efficiency of the PV/T systems. It has been concluded that the organic fluids are better base fluids than water, and nanofluids with better thermal conductivity enhance the maximum efficiency once optimum size, volume fraction and correct concentration ratio of nanofluid are selected. Moreover, straight microchannel and the addition of Fe3O4, SiC and TiO2 nanofluids with low concentration ratio provides better efficiency and flexibility. The motive beyond that is the micro-channels turbulent flow occurs at low Reynolds number. Accordingly, maximum efficiency can be obtained at higher velocity laminar flows. Increasing the velocity to higher ranges of turbulent flow does not allow proper time for heat transfer and can cause clustering of nanoparticles. The observations of this review are proposed to PV/T systems and it is helpful for the thermal system design practitioners towards achieving high efficiency in any thermal system. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
酒精負面標籤的根源
(2019-12-15)
吳宥芯
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Department of Communication and Technology
;
傳播與科技學系
【酒精負面標籤】專題

現在年輕人在狂歡之餘，少不了酒精的陪伴，然而在有些人的眼中，卻被視為滋事的源頭。飲酒真的是全然的負面嗎？
如何告別「恐怖情人」？
(2019-12-15)
馬鈺絜
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Department of Communication and Technology
;
傳播與科技學系
【愛丟卡慘死—恐怖情人】專題

我們三不五時就可以在新聞上看到有關於「恐怖情人」的案例，但你真的了解什麼是恐怖情人嗎？你知道有多少人受害於其中嗎？你知道該如何遠離恐怖情人嗎？我們將藉由本篇來揭曉。
Origin of continuous curves and dotted spots in laser transverse modes with geometric structures
(2019-12-15)
Chen, Y. F.
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Tung, J. C.
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Hsieh, M. X.
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Hsieh, Y. H.
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Liang, H. C.
The transverse structures of geometric modes in degenerate laser resonators with large astigmatism are systematically investigated by starting from the Gaussian wave packet formulation with ray-wave connections. The overlapping degree D between Gaussian wave packets is derived as an analytic expression that manifests the critical overlapping with D = 1. The transverse patterns are confirmed to display a structure of continuous curves or dotted spots, depending on D > 1 or D < 1, respectively. A thorough comparison between experimental results and numerical calculations is performed to validate the theoretical analysis. (C) 2019 Optical Society of America
特殊選才展現特色各校大不同
(2019-12-15)
石恩亞
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Department of Communication and Technology
;
傳播與科技學系
【特殊選才專題】

新興入學管道「特殊選才」吸引大量學生報名，在大學篩選學生的同時，學生也在選擇學校，因此各校必須展現自己特殊選才學程的特色，吸引學生。其中以清大、交大、成大三所學校開設的特別學程最具規模和特色。
總編輯的話
(2019-12-15)
林怡恩
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Department of Communication and Technology
;
傳播與科技學系
本期為喀報328期，共計8篇文章，包含六篇文化現象、兩篇社會議題。本篇頭題為的鄧萱妤的〈氣候全球拉警報！別再覺得不差你一個！〉，透過許多實例與報告，分析當今環境議題，喚起讀者守護地球的自覺與省思。
Risk of ischemic stroke in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the absence of atrial fibrillation - a nationwide cohort study
(2019-12-15)
Lin, Ting-Tse
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Sung, Yen-Ling
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Ko, Tsung-Yu
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Lee, Chih-Kuo
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Lin, Lian-Yu
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a catastrophic complication of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with aging. We investigated the incidence of IS in HCM patients without atrial fibrillation (AF) and compared the relative risk of IS with matched general population with AF. This study identified 17,371 HCM patients without AF and utilized propensity-score-matching to identify one-to-one matched control of general population with AF receiving oral anti-coagulants (OACs). During a median follow-up of 7.3 years, 847 (4.9%) subjects experienced IS with the incidence of 0.589/100 person-years. The corresponding matched controls experienced 788 (4.5%) events with the incidence of 0.494/100 person-years. Compared with control, HCM patients had similar risk of IS (Hazard ratios [HRs] 0.965, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.854-1.091). HCM patients with age above 65 years had a significantly increased risk of IS (age 65-74 years, HR 1.278, 95% CI 1.070-1.335; age >= 75 years, HR 1.757, 95% CI 1.435-2.152). Stratified by CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score, HCM subjects with score 0, 1 and 2 had significantly increased risk of IS than control while those with score >= 2 had similar risk as control. Compared with general population with AF, HCM patients without AF had similar risk of IS, suggesting OACs might be necessary in HCM patient without AF.
The Impact of Emergency Interventions and Patient Characteristics on the Risk of Heart Failure in Patients with Nontraumatic OHCA
(2019-12-16)
Chen, Cheng Hsu
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Chang, Chih-Yu
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Yang, Mei-Chueh
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Wu, Jr-Hau
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Liao, Ching-Hui
Background. Since out-of-hospital cardiac arrest- (OHCA-) related dysfunction (ischemic/reperfusion injury and inflammatory response) might result in long-term impairment, we suspect that new-onset heart failure might be common in long-term survivors. However, these relationships had not been well addressed, and we aimed to analyze the impact of emergency interventions and patient characteristics on the risk of new-onset heart failure in patients with nontraumatic OHCA. Methods. The Taiwanese government healthcare database contains data for 49,101 nontraumatic OHCA adult patients from 2011-2012, which were analyzed in this study. Nontraumatic OHCA patients who survived to the intensive care unit (ICU) were included as the study group (n = 7,321). Matched patients (n = 21,963) were recruited as a comparison group. Patients with any history of heart failure or cardiac arrest were not included in either group. All patients were followed-up for 6 months for the identification of new-onset heart failure. Adjustments were made for demographics, age, emergency interventions, and comorbidities as potential risk factors. Results. In all, 3.84% (n = 281) of OHCA patients suffered new-onset heart failure, while only 1.24% (n = 272) of matched patients in the comparison group suffered new-onset heart failure. Strong risk factors for heart failure were age (60-75 years, HR: 11.4; 95% CI: 9-14.4), medical history (myocardial infarction, HR: 2.47; 95% CI: 2.05-2.98 and cardiomyopathy, HR: 2.94; 95% CI: 1.45-5.94), and comorbidities during hospitalization (ischemic heart disease, HR: 4.5; 95% CI: 3.46-5.86). Only extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) decreased the risk of heart failure. Most (53.6%) heart failure events occurred within 60 days after OHCA. Conclusion. An age from 61 to 75 years, a history of myocardial infarction or cardiomyopathy, and ischemic heart disease or infection as comorbidities occurring during hospitalization were strong risk factors for new-onset heart failure in OHCA patients. However, ECMO could decrease this risk. More importantly, most heart failure events occurred within 60 days after OHCA.
PSPC1-interchanged interactions with PTK6 and beta-catenin synergize oncogenic subcellular translocations and tumor progression
(2019-12-16)
Lang, Yaw-Dong
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Chen, Hsin-Yi
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Ho, Chun-Ming
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Shih, Jou-Ho
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Hsu, En-Chi
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide due to metastasis. Paraspeckle component 1 (PSPC1) upregulation has been identified as an HCC pro-metastatic activator associated with poor patient prognosis, but with a lack of targeting strategy. Here, we report that PSPC1, a nuclear substrate of PTK6, sequesters PTK6 in the nucleus and loses its metastasis driving capability. Conversely, PSPC1 upregulation or PSPC1-Y523F mutation promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stemness, and metastasis via cytoplasmic translocation of active PTK6 and nuclear translocation of p-catenin, which interacts with PSPC1 to augment Wnt3a autocrine signaling. The aberrant nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of active PTK6/beta-catenin is reversed by expressing the PSPC1 C-terminal interacting domain (PSPC1-CT131), thereby suppressing PSPC1/PTK6/beta-catenin-activated metastasis to prolong the survival of HCC orthotopic mice. Thus, PSPC1 is the contextual determinant of the oncogenic switch of PTK6/beta-catenin subcellular localizations, and PSPC1-CT131 functions as a dual inhibitor of PSPC1 and PTK6 with potential for improving cancer therapy.
Charge transport mechanism in SiNx-based memristor
(2019-12-16)
Gismatulin, A. A.
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Gritsenko, V. A.
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Yen, T-J
;
Chin, A.
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電子工程學系及電子研究所
Amorphous silicon nitride is a key dielectric in silicon devices. The advantage of SiNx and Si3N4 over other dielectrics is that silicon nitride is compatible with silicon technology and is widely used in it. It is necessary to understand, experimentally and theoretically, the mechanism of charge transport in a memristor based on silicon nitride in the initial, high-resistance, and low-resistance states to develop a resistive memory element. At present, there is currently no single universal model of charge transport in a memristor based on silicon nitride. In our work, the charge transport of the initial, high, and low resistive states in an SiNx-based memristor is analyzed with four bulk-limited charge transport models. It is established that the Frenkel model of Coulomb traps ionization, Hill-Adachi model of overlapping Coulomb traps, and Makram-Ebeid and Lannoo model of multiphonon isolated traps ionization, quantitatively, do not describe the charge transport of the SiNx-based memristor in any state. The Nasyrov-Gritsenko model of phonon-assisted tunneling between traps gives a consistent explanation of the charge transport of the SiNx-based memristor in all states at temperatures above room temperature.
Bamboo-like nanostructures prepared using template-based wetting methods: Molecular arrangements of polyimide and carbon tubes in cylindrical nanopores
(2019-12-17)
Tu, Yi-Hsuan
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Liu, Chih-Ting
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Chu, Chien-Wei
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He, Hung-Chieh
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Chang, Chun-Wei
With excellent mechanical and physical properties, polyimides (PIs) possess diverse applications in different fields. PI-based materials can also be converted to carbon materials by high temperature carbonization processes. The fabrication and properties of PI-based nanomaterials and corresponding carbon nanomaterials, however, have been less investigated, especially the packing behaviors of the polymer chains. In this work, we study the fabrication and characterization of PI nanostructures using the solution wetting (SW) method and the solvent-annealing-induced nanowetting in templates (SAINT) method. Poly(amic acid) (PAA) tubes are first prepared using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes. After thermal imidization and carbonization processes, PI and carbon tubes can be obtained, respectively. Bamboo-like structures are also observed in the tubes, which can be attributed to the Marangoni effect induced by the gradient of the surface tensions during the solvent evaporation process. Moreover, the laser Raman micro-spectroscopy results show that the packing behaviors of the polymer chains in the nanostructures prepared by the SAINT method are better than those prepared by the SW method, indicating that the solvent annealing process can improve the chain packing while assisting the infiltration of polymer chains in the nanopores.
ZIF-8-Based Quasi-Solid-State Electrolyte for Lithium Batteries
(2019-12-18)
Sun, Cui
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Zhang, Jin-hua
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Yuan, Xiang-fei
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Duan, Jia-ning
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Deng, Sheng-wen
The quasi-solid-state electrolytes (QSSEs) with an inorganic skeleton, a solid-liquid composite material combining their respective merits, exhibit high ionic conductivity and mechanical strength. However, most quasi-solid electrolytes prepared by immobilizing ionic liquid (IL) or organic liquid electrolyte in inorganic scaffold generally have poor interface compatibility and low lithium ion migration number, which limits its application. Herein, we design and prepare a ZIF-8-based QSSE (ZIF-8 QSSE) in which the ZIF-8 has a special cage structure and interaction with the guest electrolyte to form a composite electrolyte with good ionic conductivity about 1.05 x 10(-4) S cm(-1) and a higher lithium-ion transference number of about 0.52. With the ZIF-8 QSSE, a protype lithium battery coupled with LiCoO2 cathode shows good electrochemical performances with an initial discharge capacity of 135 mAh g(-1) at 50 mA g(-1) and a remaining capacity of 119 mAh g(-1) after 100 cycles, only 0.119% capacity degradation per cycle. It is worth noting that the ZIF-8-based QSSEs have good thermal stability up to 350 degrees C that does not show thermal runaway, which is significantly higher than that of a conventional organic liquid battery system.
Oxygen-Sensitive Layered MoTe2 Channels for Environmental Detection
(2019-12-18)
Yang, Shih-Hsien
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Lin, Che-Yi
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Chang, Yuan-Ming
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Li, Mengjiao
;
Lee, Ko-Chun
The oxygen (O-2)-dependent resistance change of multilayered molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2) channels was characterized. A variation of the channel resistance could reproducibly determine relative O-2 content (denoted as the O-2 index). We found that Joule heating in a layered MoTe2 field-effect transistor caused the O-2 index to decrease drastically from 100 to 12.1% in back gate modulation. Furthermore, Joule heating caused effective O-2 desorption from the MoTe2 surface and repeatable O-2 detection by multilayered MoTe2 channels was realized. This work not only explored the influence of O-2 on the electrical properties of multilayered MoTe2 channels but also revealed that MoTe2 channels are promising for sensing O-2 in an environmental condition.
Tautomer Structures in Ketose-Aldose Transformation of 1,3-Dihydroxyacetone Studied by Infrared Electroabsorption Spectroscopy
(2019-12-19)
Chen, Szu-Hua
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Hiramatsu, Hirotsugu
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交大名義發表
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應用化學系
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應用化學系分子科學碩博班
The acyclic form of monosaccharides exists in a structural equilibrium, with aldose having the aldehyde group and ketose the ketone group (ketose-aldose equilibrium). A basic catalyst facilitates their transformation, which affects the chemical properties of the monosaccharide. In this study, we investigated the ketose-aldose transformation of 1,3-dihydroxyacetone (1,3-DHA), one of the simplest systems of the ketose-aldose equilibrium. We examined the effects of piperidine as the basic catalyst and used IR electroabsorption spectroscopy to study the responses to an external electric field. We analyzed the changes in IR absorption by considering the changes in the molecular orientation and number of molecules in response to the external electric field. The results of the analysis revealed the permanent dipole moment mu(P), an angle eta between mu(P) and mu(T) (the transition moment of the molecular vibration), and the equilibrium constants. The ketose-aldose transformation of 1,3-DHA can be explained in terms of the equilibrium of three states. In the presence of piperidine, a five-state equilibrium was concluded. On the basis of the experimental data, we propose plausible models of dihydroxyacetone, E-enediols, Z-enediol, or glyceraldehyde for each state. The results of our structural analysis of these tautomers provide a detailed understanding of the ketose-aldose transformation of acyclic saccharides and the effects of the basic catalyst.