Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2020-03"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 5592

Artificial peptide-controlled protein release of Zn2+-triggered, self-assembled histidine-tagged protein microparticle
(2020-03-01)
Chen, Tzu-Yin
;
Cheng, Wan-Jung
;
Horng, Jia-Cherng
;
Hsu, Hsin-Yun
;
交大名義發表
Protein microparticles have received attention as drug delivery systems because of their high protein stability and prolonged release in vivo. However, most current preparation processes introduce chemical crosslinkers, which often lead to protein inactivation and limit drug efficacy in delivery systems. In this study, we employed the well-known hexahistidine (His)-tag recombinant protein technology and a metal-triggerable collagen-mimetic peptide to enhance the binding strength between the protein and metal ion and fine-tuned the protein drug release. His-tagged proteins self-assembled to form microparticles (similar to 2 mu m) upon zinc ion treatment and sustained protein drug release was achieved in physiological saline. The results also indicated that by adjusting the peptide concentration and N- and C-terminal hexahistidine-tags, protein release could be controlled. Moreover, no protein denaturation was observed. We developed a universal strategy for facile protein microparticle fabrication under mild conditions and we demonstrated its potential as a therapeutics formulation with tunable protein release.
Cost minimization in placing service chains for virtualized network functions
(2020-03-01)
Wang, Chien Ting
;
Lin, Ying-Dar
;
Wang, Chih-Chiang
;
Lai, Yuan-Cheng
;
交大名義發表
Network function virtualization (NFV) places network functions onto the virtual machines (VMs) of physical machines (PMs) located in data centers. In practice, a data flow may pass through multiple network functions, which collectively form a service chain across multiple VMs residing on the same or different PMs. Given a set of service chains, network operators have two options for placing them: (a) minimizing the number of VMs and PMs so as to reduce the server rental cost or (b) placing VMs running network functions belonging to the same service chain on the same or nearby PMs so as to reduce the network delay. In determining the optimal service chain placement, operators face the problem of minimizing the server cost while still satisfying the end-to-end delay constraint. The present study proposes an optimization model to solve this problem using a nonlinear programming (NLP) approach. The proposed model is used to explore various operational problems in the service chain placement field. The results suggest that the optimal cost ratio for PMs with high, hybrid, and low capacity, respectively, is equal to 4:2:1. Meanwhile, the maximum operating utilization rate should be limited to 55% in order to minimize the rental cost. Regarding quality of service (QoS) relaxation, the server cost reduces by 20%, 30%, and 32% as the end-to-end delay constraint is relaxed from 40 to 60, 80, and 100 ms, respectively. For the server location, the cost decreases by 25% when the high-capacity PMs are decentralized rather than centralized. Finally, the cost reduces by 40% as the repetition rate in the service chain increases from 0 to 2. A heuristic algorithm, designated as common sub chain placement first (CPF), is proposed to solve the service chain placement problem for large-scale problems (eg, 256 PMs). It is shown that the proposed algorithm reduces the solution time by up to 86% compared with the NLP optimization model, with an accuracy reduction of just 8%.
老鄧給個說法─病人拒絕時，你該怎麼做？
(國立陽明大學牙醫校友會, 2020-03)
鄧政雄
【活動花絮】海外實習展開新視野
(國立交通大學資訊學院, 2020-03)
高儷玲
本學院有三位學生於今年暑假到日本實習，歷經兩個月的實習，同學們不僅在專業上有所成長，文化體驗也有不少收穫。梁嘉容和莊紹平一起在產業技術綜合研究(AIST) 實習，曾宜鈞則是在KDDI Research 實習，兩間公司皆為日本知名的企業。
High-Precision Symmetric Weight Update of Memristor by Gate Voltage Ramping Method for Convolutional Neural Network Accelerator
(2020-03-01)
Chen, Jia
;
Pan, Wen-Qian
;
Li, Yi
;
Kuang, Rui
;
He, Yu-Hui
Memristor emerges as the key enabler for neural network accelerator. Here, we demonstrate high-precision symmetric weight update in a one transistor one resistor (1T1R) structure Ti/HfO2/TiN memristor using a gate voltage ramping method, with over 120-level states and low variation (< 4%). Incorporating all experimental non-idealities, the proposed mixed hardware-software convolutional neural network demonstrates over 92.79% online learning accuracy (against software equivalent 98.45%) for MNIST recognition task. The network also shows robustness to input image noises, array yield, and retention issues.
An antifouling peptide-based biosensor for determination of Streptococcus pneumonia markers in human serum
(2020-03-01)
Chang, Po-Han
;
Weng, Chang-Ching
;
Li, Bor-Ran
;
Li, Yaw-Kuen
;
交大名義發表
We report a peptide-based sensor that involves a multivalent interaction with L-ascorbate 6-phosphate lactonase (UlaG), a protein marker of Streptococcus pneumonia. By integrating the antifouling feature of the sensor, we significantly improved the signal-to-noise ratio of UlaG detection. The antifouling surface was fabricated via electrodeposition using an equivalent mixture of 4-amino-N,N,N-trimethylanilinium and 4-aminobenzenesulfonate. This antifouling layer not only effectively reduces the non-specific adsorption on the biosensor but also decreases the charge transfer resistance (R-et) of the screen-printed carbon electrode. The aniline-modified 57 peptide, an UlaG-binding peptide, was pre-synthesized and further electrochemically modified to bind onto the antifouling layer. Bio-electrochemical analysis confirms that the antifouling 57-peptide sensor binds strongly to the UlaG with a dissociation constant (K-d) = 0.5 nM. This strong interaction can be attributed to a multivalent interaction between the biosensor and the heximeric form of UlaG. To demonstrate the potential for clinical application, further detection of Streptococcus pneumonia from 50 to 5 x 10(4) CFU/mL were successfully performed in 25% human serum.
【科普軼聞】軍隊通訊逸事科技如何影響了美國南北戰爭
(國立交通大學資訊學院, 2020-03)
林一平/交大講座教授
全世界軍隊的正式通信編制是由美國人邁爾(Albert James Myer; 1828 － 1880) 所催生。邁爾十三歲時曾經擔任電報報務員，後來學醫，1851 年由醫學院畢業。之後擔任軍醫時，根據他早期的電報經驗，發明Wigwag 旗語進行軍事通信，亦即所謂的Aerial Telegraphy。這套系統的原理類似於摩斯碼 (Morse Code) ，由一個人拿一支旗子，朝三個方向揮舞，代表不同字母。
Corner-Stitching-Based Multilayer Obstacle-Avoiding Component-to-Component Rectilinear Minimum Spanning Tree Construction
(2020-03-01)
Su, Yen-Yu
;
Wang, Shuo-Hui
;
Wu, Wei-Liang
;
Lin, Mark Po-Hung
;
電子工程學系及電子研究所
Engineering change orders (ECOs) are pervasively applied to modern physical design of nanometer integrated circuits for cost-effective design changes. After applying ECO, a net may become open, which results in a large number of disconnected net components. Each net component further consists of a set of connected net shapes and vias on different layers. It is very challenging to efficiently and effectively identify all disconnected net components and find an obstacle-avoiding minimal-cost routing path among those net components. This paper introduces an open-net finder and an open-net connector based on the corner-stitching data structure for open-net routing, and proposes a new method of constructing a multilayer obstacle-avoiding component-to-component rectilinear minimum spanning tree. The preliminary idea and implementation of the proposed method had received the first place award in ICCAD-2017 CAD contest. This paper further details the complete idea of the proposed method. Experimental results show that the proposed open-net finder and connector outperform the top three open-net routers in the ICCAD-2017 CAD contest and two latest published works, with better routing costs and much shorter runtime.
Random telegraph noise in gate-all-around silicon nanowire MOSFETs induced by a single charge trap or random interface traps
(2020-03-01)
Kola, Sekhar Reddy
;
Li, Miming
;
Thoti, Narasimhulu
;
交大名義發表
;
電機工程學系
The random telegraph noise (RTN) in gate-all-around (GAA) silicon (Si) nanowire (NW) metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) induced by a single charge trap (SCT) or random interface traps (RITs) is studied for the first time. An experimentally validated three-dimensional quantum-mechanically-corrected device simulation is advanced to investigate the explored devices. The magnitude of the RTN decreases with increasing gate voltage to different extents for the planar MOSFET, bulk FinFET, and GAA Si NW MOSFET devices, owing to the reduction in the conducting carriers along the channel. For the GAA Si NW MOSFET, the reduction of the fluctuation of threshold voltage in the presence of RITs is about 25 and 3 times when compared with the planar MOSFET and bulk FinFET device, respectively, whereas this reduction in the presence of an SCT is about 6 and 2.6 times, respectively. For the GAA Si NW MOSFET, the reduction of the RTN in the presence of RITs is about 7.5 and 4.7 times when compared with the planar MOSFET and bulk FinFET device, respectively, whereas this reduction in the presence of an SCT is about 22 and 6 times, respectively. At given threshold voltage, compared with the results for the planar MOSFETs and bulk FinFET, the GAA Si NW MOSFET exhibits minimal characteristic variability and RTN owing to the ultimate electrostatic control of the gate from the point of view of electrostatic integrity.
Dynamic observation on the functional metal oxide conversion behaviors in Fe3O4/ZnO heterostructures
(2020-03-01)
Huang, Chih-Yang
;
Tai, Kuo-Lun
;
Huang, Chun-Wei
;
Tseng, Yi-Tang
;
Lo, Hung-Yang
We directly observed the atomic diffusion process of bilayered Fe/ZnO transforming into a Fe3O4/ZnO heterostructure. Significantly, we suggested a unique two-step route in which Fe diffused along [0001](znO) via boundaries of ZnO and then reacted along [(1) over bar2 (1) over bar0](ZnO). The specific orientation relationship of [0001(]ZnO)//[11 (1) over bar ]Fe3O4 could be precisely controlled. In addition, the formation of a ZnO/Fe3O4 heterostructure can be tuned in terms of reaction depth by controlling the annealing time. This study provided a novel nanofabricated method to produce oriented metal oxide heterostructures while visualizing the atomic mechanism of metal oxide formation, which allows for further investigation of promising devices. (C) 2019 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
【募款計畫】
(國立交通大學資訊學院, 2020-03)
募款計畫、捐款意願書
A dimension-reduction based multilayer perception method for supporting the medical decision making
(2020-03-01)
Lee, Shin-Jye
;
Tseng, Ching-Hsun
;
Lin, G. T-R
;
Yang, Yun
;
Yang, Po
Due to the rapid development of Medical IoT recently, how to effectively apply these huge amounts of IoT data to enhance the reliability of the clinical decision making has become an increasing issue in the medical field. These data usually comprise high-complicated features with tremendous volume, and it implies that the simple inference models may less powerful to be practiced. In deep learning, multilayer perceptron (MLP) is a kind of feed-forward artificial neural network, and it is one of the high-performance methods about stochastic scheme, fitness approximation, and regression analysis. To process these high uncertain data, the proposed work based on MLP structure in particular integrates the boosting scheme and dimension-reduction process. In this proposed work, the advanced ReLU-based activation function is used. Also, the weight initialization is applied to improve the stable prediction and convergence. After the improved dimension-reduction process is introduced, the proposed method can effectively learn the hidden information from the reformative data and the precise labels also can be recognized by stacking a small amount of neural network layers with paying few extra cost. The proposed work shows a possible path of embedding dimension reduction in deep learning structure with minor price. In addition to the prediction issue, the proposed method can also be applied to assess risk and forecast trend among different information systems. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
New directions in harmonic analysis on L-1
(2020-03-01)
Spector, Daniel
;
應用數學系
;
Department of Applied Mathematics
The study of what we now call Sobolev inequalities has been studied for almost a century in various forms, while it has been eighty years since Sobolev's seminal mathematical contributions. Yet there are still things we do not understand about the action of integral operators on functions. This is no more apparent than in the L-1 setting, where only recently have optimal inequalities been obtained on the Lebesgue and Lorentz scale for scalar functions, while the full resolution of similar estimates for vector-valued functions is incomplete. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how some often overlooked estimates for the classical Poisson equation give an entry into these questions, to present the state of the art of what is known, and to survey some open problems on the frontier of research in the area. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Instantaneous normal mode analysis for OKE reduced spectra of liquid and supercooled water: Contributions of low-density and high-density liquids
(2020-03-01)
Tang, Ping-Han
;
Wu, Ten-Ming
;
物理研究所
;
Institute of Physics
In this paper, we investigated the optical Kerr effect (OKE) reduced spectral density (RSD) of liquid and supercooled water at ambient pressure and focused on the contributions of low-density liquid (LDL) and highdensity liquid (HDL), which local structures are characterized with tetrahedral order and disorder, respectively. The water systems were generated by performing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with TIP4P/2005 force fields, and molecules were classified into LDL and HDL with the microscopic structural descriptor [Nature commun. 3 (2014) 35561. The OKE RSD was calculated with a model involving the intrinsic polarizabilities of individual molecules and the dipole-induced-dipole mechanism between them. The instantaneous normal mode (INM) analysis was used to dissect the OKE RSD obtained by MD simulations. By considering water as a mixture of LDL and HDL, the OKE RSD in the linearized INM theory is a sum of three contributions, which are resulted from the two partial liquids individually and a cross correlation associated with both of them, in a formulism similar as that for the static structure factor of a binary mixture. By exploring with two separation schemes on the collective polarizability, where they are complemental to each other, the INM analysis provides an insight into the physical causes for the bands in the OKE RSD of liquid and supercooled water and the relation of each band to the local structures of LDL and HDL (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The influence of AlN nucleation layer on RF transmission loss of GaN buffer on high resistivity Si (111) substrate
(2020-03-01)
Chang, Shane
;
Zhao, Ming
;
Spampinato, Valentina
;
Franquet, Alexis
;
Chang, Li
A sufficiently low transmission loss in radio frequency (RF) is one of the critical requirements for GaN-on-Si RF devices to achieve high performance. We have systematically studied the mechanism and effect of the AlN nucleation layer on the RF loss of the GaN-on-Si device buffer stack. Our results show that the RF loss is strongly influenced by the growth parameters of the AlN nucleation layer during epitaxial process. It is observed that the AlN nucleation layer grown at a low thermal budget with a low density of deep surface pits can efficiently reduce the AlN/Si interface loss by suppressing the conductive channel at AlN/Si interface which is governed largely by the thermal diffusion of Al and Ga into the Si substrate. By optimizing the growth process of the AlN nucleation layer, the RF loss of the GaN-on-Si device buffer can be dramatically reduced by up to similar to 40%.
Do Patients' Privacy Concerns Influence Their Intention toward Medical Image Exchange Consent in Taiwan?
(2020-03-01)
Tseng, Hsiao-Ting
;
Hung, Won-Fu
;
Hwang, Hsin-Ginn
;
Chang, I-Chiu
;
資訊管理與財務金融系註：原資管所+財金所
The primary purpose of this study was to examine patients' concerns surrounding information privacy and their intention toward medical image exchange consent. Patients' concerns about information privacy in terms of collection, unauthorized access, errors and secondary use all have significant relationships with patients' intention toward medical image exchange consent in Taiwan. Trust is the foundation for both parties. In this study, we aimed to determine the moderating effect of trust in order to examine patients' intention toward medical image exchange consent under the influence of their information privacy concerns. Three hundred and fifty patients responded to the survey, which yielded a 92.3% response rate. The results of data analysis revealed that patients' information privacy concerns had no significant relationship with patients' intention toward medical image exchange consent. After considering the moderating effect of trust, patients' information privacy concerns do have a significant relationship with patients' intention toward medical image exchange consent, however, the R-square was only 4.5%. Based on this research result, we modified the research framework in order to examine patients' information privacy concerns in terms of collection/non-collection. The R-square of the modified framework was 18.6%, and both collection and non-collection had significant relationships with patients' intention toward medical image exchange consent. Finally, the implications, limitations and future research have been discussed.
【教師專訪】洪瑞鴻教授：跨界生物資訊領域的先鋒
(國立交通大學資訊學院, 2020-03)
高儷玲
擁有橫跨生物及資訊兩個專業領域的洪瑞鴻教授，就讀交大生物資訊研究所，之後留學美國波士頓大學攻讀博士，畢業後先於交大生科院生物資訊研究所任教，於民國106 年轉至資訊學院資工系擔任老師。
Exposure to Mono-n-Butyl Phthalate in Women with Endometriosis and Its Association with the Biological Effects on Human Granulosa Cells
(2020-03-01)
Chou, Ya-Ching
;
Chen, Yu-Chun
;
Chen, Ming-Jer
;
Chang, Ching-Wen
;
Lai, Guan-Lin
To study the association between urinary phthalate metabolite levels, endometriosis, and their effects on human granulosa cells, we recruited patients who underwent laparoscopy to confirm endometriosis (n = 123) and control patients (n = 78). Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure the following five urinary phthalate metabolites: mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, monobenzyl phthalate, mono(2-ethyl-5-oxo-hexyl) phthalate, and mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate. Urinary MnBP levels were higher in patients with endometriosis than in controls after multivariable logistic regression including the number of deliveries, body mass index, and use of medicine as covariables. MnBP correlates with other phthalate metabolites. Previous studies found that endometriosis was a detrimental condition for granulosa cells. In our study, we observed whether MnBP affected granulosa cells. MnBP treatment altered the gene expression of BIRC5, BUB1B, CDC20, cyclin B1, IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, inhibin-B, StAR, and P450ssc and attenuated the ratio of the mitochondrial membrane potential in human granulosa cells. Moreover, MnBP decreased the expression of the anti-Mullerian hormone. These findings suggest that MnBP concentration is associated with endometriosis and may affect the health and steroidogenesis of human granulosa cells.
Transparent AAA Security Design for Low-Latency MEC-Integrated Cellular Networks
(2020-03-01)
Li, Chi-Yu
;
Lin, Ying-Dar
;
Lai, Yuan-Cheng
;
Chien, Hsu-Tung
;
Huang, Yu-Sheng
Multi-access edge computing (MEC) is a key enabler for low-latency services in the cellular network. It enables service requests to be served at the edge without reaching the Internet. However, this service model allows data traffic to bypass conventional security functions deployed at the core network, and may pose security threats. To examine its security impact, we analyze current security functions that span authentication, authorization, accounting (AAA), and access control, and then identify two major issues. First, conventional user authentication methods prevent MEC applications from achieving low-latency service offering. Second, current cellular authorization, accounting, and access control mechanisms hardly secure MEC traffic. We thus propose a transparent security design called MECsec to secure the MEC with low latency in the cellular network. It contains three main components: cellular-based OpenID Connect (OIDC) authentication, bitmap-based authorization/accounting, and two-tier hash-based access control. Especially, its transparent design does not need any changes on current cellular operations, and is standard-compliant. We implement and evaluate the MECsec prototype on an MEC-integrated LTE network architecture developed based on the OpenAirInterface (OAI) cellular platform. Our results show that the cellular-based OIDC can reduce delays of current authentication methods by up to 88.3%, and the other components can successfully defend against possible threats with negligible overhead.
【活動花絮】開拓國際視野交換生經驗分享
(國立交通大學資訊學院, 2020-03)
高儷玲
去年本院共有10 位同學出國交換，分別去到美國、中國、日本、瑞士及德國，共7 間大學交換，不僅開拓學生的國際視野，深度體驗他國不同的風俗民情，更增長同學在專業領域的知識。本院也特別舉辦分享會，邀請所有出國交換的同學分享交換生活所帶來的成長和建議。