Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2020-03-15"

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Getting insight into the influence of coexisting airborne nanoparticles on gas adsorption performance over porous materials
(2020-03-15)
Xing, Yi
;
Cui, Yongkang
;
Li, Ziyi
;
Liu, Yingshu
;
Bao, Danqi
Adsorption as one of the most important air cleaning methods has been extensively applied during which the coexisting airborne nanoparticles (NPs) with sizes close to adsorbent pore sizes could inevitably influence gas adsorption processes. In this work, the influence of sub-20 nm NPs on toluene adsorption on ZSM-5 zeolites exchanged with different cations (Li+, Na+ and K+) were studied based on gas-and-particle coexisting adsorption/filtration tests. Affinities for both toluene and NPs on adsorbents follow Li-ZSM-5 > Na-ZSM-5 > K-ZSM-5 regarding the orders of charge density, pore size, and internal and external specific surface areas. The toluene adsorption was shown to be impaired by coexisting NPs from perspectives of thermodynamics and kinetics. For Li-ZSM-5, Na-ZSM-5 and K-ZSM-5, significant relative reductions of 10.4 %, 10.5 % and 16.0 % in toluene adsorption capacity at the lower feed concentration, and of 20.3 %, 15.2 % and 2.3 % in mass transfer coefficient at the higher feed concentration were observed, respectively. The influential mechanisms regarding competitiveness between toluene and NPs in interaction with cationic and porous surfaces were accordingly proposed, which are of practical significance for selecting robust adsorbents under realistic harsh air conditions.
初探區塊鏈之不可竄改特性、匿名性所衍生的法律問題
(交通大學科技法律學院（原名稱：交通大學科技法律研究所）, 2020-03-15)
呂嘉穎
;
Jia-Ying Lyu
科技的日新月異對於人類的生活帶來了創新的改變，舉例來說，奠基於區塊鏈技術的數位貨幣，對於傳統交易而言，帶來了不同的思維方式。現今區塊鏈之運用，在規劃、運用上已不限於數位貨幣，而是以更為全面的方式進入人類的生活之中。也由於這種對於未來社會所可能帶來的觀念衝擊，本文試圖從區塊鏈本質及其與現行法規範間的矛盾、衝突為分析主軸，亦即以區塊鏈技術層面可能帶來的爭議，做提前性的法律制定及修正建議。
A characteristic improved technique and analysis with plasma treatment to the electrode on oxide-based resistive random access memory
(2020-03-15)
Lin, Chih-Yang
;
Chang, Ting-Chang
;
Pan, Chih-Hung
;
Chen, Min-Chen
;
Xu, You-Lin
A technique was proposed to concentrate the distribution of set voltages. After a plasma treatment, the stability of the high-resistive state (HRS) increased, and the distribution of set voltages was more concentrated at 0.8 V, with a sufficient HRS/LRS resistive ratio (similar to 100x). In addition, the surface of the TiN electrode became rougher, causing oxygen to enter the TiN electrode and form a TiON layer, which acts as an oxygen reservoir. The reservoir is confirmed and the conduction model is supported by both electrical and material analyses. We propose that the observed improvement is due to the difference in the TiN electrode surface. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier B.V.
The influence of UV filter and Al/Ag moisture barrier layer on the outdoor stability of polymer solar cells
(2020-03-15)
Weng, Chia-Ning
;
Yang, Hao-Chun
;
Tsai, Cheng-Yu
;
Chen, Szu-Han
;
Chen, Yan-Syun
The degradation of the polymer solar cells in the outdoor condition was studied. It was found that the devices with normal structure (ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PBDTTT-EFT:PC71BM/ZrOx/Al) show better stability than those with inverted device structure (ITO/ZnO/PBDTTT-EFT:PC71BM/MoO3/Ag). PBDTTT-EFT is poly[4, 8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl) thiophen-2-yl) benzo [1,2-b;4,5-b] dithiophene-2, 6-diyl-alt-(4-(2-ethylhexyl)-3-fluorothieno [3,4-b] thiophene-) - 2-carboxylate-2-6-diyl)] and PC71BM is [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester. The major cause of degradation was attributed to the ultraviolet (UV) part of the sunlight. When the UV filter with cut-off wavelength of 400 nm was used to protect the device, the decay rate was improved by 50 times and the protected device retains 95% of their initial power conversion efficiency after 13 days outside. In the meanwhile, the decay of device fabricated by toluene was found 8 times faster than device by chlorobenzene. Thin 20 nm of Ag capping layer can further improve the stability. Degradation under water immersion indicates that the major effect of Ag is to protect against the residual moisture inside the encapsulation.
商標功能性與識別性之關聯性研究──從智慧財產法院107年度民商上易字第3號民事判決談起
(交通大學科技法律學院（原名稱：交通大學科技法律研究所）, 2020-03-15)
陳匡正
;
Kuang-Cheng Chen
商標須具備識別性之要求，乃為保障公共利益，並讓商標不受不正當權利所壟斷。至於商標不須具備功能性之消極要件，則為避免功能性之商品設計或特徵取得永久的商標保護，且有礙同業之公平競爭和社會進步。然商標識別性與功能性之關聯性為何？首先，如智慧財產法院（以下簡稱「智財法院」）在107年度民商上易字第3號民事判決（以下簡稱「本案」）所稱：「當特定型式之功能性配件，可以發揮識別性作用時，即屬於商標使用之性質。」此外，亦有論者謂：「一旦一標識具備功能性，即使其具有先天識別性，或者其具有後天識別性，但其仍不受商標法所保護。」換言之，商標識別性與功能性兩者是否相互排斥，就此爭點亦頗耐人尋味。特別是這關乎在商標註冊階段，系爭商標能否加以註冊？又於商標註冊、生效後，這仍與系爭商標之權利，是否及於其他侵權之商標？甚至使用系爭商標，是否構成異議、評定之事由。而本文之論點將從分析本案做基礎，並結合我國、美國理論及實務之見解，提出不管是現行法之解釋，抑或是智財法院之判決，都應將具有功能性之標識，排除在商標權之保護外，且我國傳統、非傳統商標關於功能性判斷之因素，應明文訂定在審查基準中等建議，如此不僅得以確保本法維護市場公平競爭之立法目的，更能夠提供未來實務針對判斷識別性及功能性之明確標準。
首次代幣發行的美麗新世界？我國證券型代幣之規範架構評釋
(交通大學科技法律學院（原名稱：交通大學科技法律研究所）, 2020-03-15)
黃朝琮
;
Chao-Tsung Huang
首次代幣發行（initial coin offering，以下簡稱「ICO」）乃近年來廣受討論之募資方式，其一方面使募資者得以迅速募集資金，但另一方面又因其涉及廣泛大眾，若有糾紛將有廣泛影響，而為金融監理機關所矚目。對此，我國金融監督管理委員會（以下簡稱「金管會」）藉由核定具證券性質之虛擬通貨為有價證券的方式，將ICO中之證券型代幣發行（security token offering）引入證券交易法的規範當中，並就證券型代幣之發行與交易建置相關機制，料將對於ICO於我國發展產生深遠影響。本文就金管會之規範框架進行，就ICO之分類、證券型代幣之定義、申報豁免規定、資訊揭露內容及外國法規定適用等面向，若干觀察與思考，期促進後續對話與規範之完善。
Synthesis of polystyrene@polypyrrole-COOH@Ag (core@shell@shell) microspheres for potential application in anisotropic conductive paste
(2020-03-15)
Wang, Chuan-Jyun
;
Hung, Pei-Sung
;
Chou, Shih-Cheng
;
Chung, Wei-An
;
Wu, Pu-Wei
We demonstrate a fabrication scheme for the synthesis of conductive core-shell (core@shell) nanoparticles consisting of polystyrene (PS) microspheres in size of 613 nm with consecutive coatings of functionalized polypyrrole (PPy-COOH) and Ag. The PPy-COOH precursors undergo polymerization on PS microspheres forming PS@PPy-COOH microspheres, followed by sensitization and Ag electroless deposition to produce PS@PPy-COOH@Ag microspheres in size of 717 nm. The PPy-COOH serves as the adhesive for intimate bonding of PS and Ag. Images from scanning and transmission electron microscopes confirm a Ag coating of 41-50 nm which is consisted of clustered nanoparticles forming a mono-layered film. From X-ray diffraction pattern, the Ag adopts a polycrystalline fcc structure with grain size of 12 nm. Results from thermal gravimetric analysis indicate a Ag loading of 54 wt%. By four-point-probe, the bulk conductivity for PS@PPy-COOH@Ag is 10,170 S m(-1). These microspheres show promising potential for anisotropic conductive paste. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Single-mode erbium laser with CW tunability by exploiting saturable absorber and self-injected loop
(2020-03-15)
Yeh, Chien-Hung
;
Luo, Chien-Ming
;
Xie, Yue-Ru
;
Chow, Chi-Wai
;
光電工程學系
We present and demonstrate a stabilized and selectable erbium-doped fiber (EDF) ring laser according to the proposed EDF saturable absorber (SA) and self-injected method to achieve single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) output and narrow the laser linewidth simultaneously. The 60-nm continuous wave (CW) tunability range from 1525.0 to 1585.0 nm is also accomplished here. Moreover, the output performance of wavelength stability and laser linewidth are also performed experimentally.
Efficient methods for mining weighted clickstream patterns
(2020-03-15)
Huynh, Huy M.
;
Nguyen, Loan T. T.
;
Vo, Bay
;
Anh Nguyen
;
Tseng, Vincent S.
Pattern mining has been an attractive topic for many researchers since its first introduction. Clickstream mining, a specific version of sequential pattern mining, has been shown to be important in the age of the Internet. However, most previous works have simply exploited and applied existing sequential pattern algorithms to the mining of clickstream patterns, and few have studied clickstreams with weights, which also have a wide range of application. In this paper, we address this problem by proposing an approach based on the average weight measure for clickstream pattern mining and adapting a previous state-of-the-art algorithm to deal with the problem of weighted clickstream pattern mining. Following this, we propose an improved method named Compact-SPADE to enhance both the efficiency and memory consumption. Through various tests on both real-life and synthetic databases, we show that our proposed algorithms outperform state-of-the-art alternatives in terms of efficiency, memory requirements and scalability. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
我的電腦，你的檔案──論刑法第359條「他人電磁紀錄」之範圍界定
(交通大學科技法律學院（原名稱：交通大學科技法律研究所）, 2020-03-15)
魏國晉
;
Kuo-Chin Wei
就刑法第359條「無故取得、刪改他人電磁紀錄罪」之「他人電腦或其設備之電磁紀錄」應如何解釋之問題，我國實務近期具代表性之見解，係將該用語解釋為「他人之電磁紀錄」，並根據電磁紀錄之「處分權限」究竟屬行為人自己或他人所有，界定本罪客體之範圍。惟若細究判決理由，或得察覺系爭判決並未回應既有學說見解，亦未說明其採取相關解釋之理由，甚至可能於判斷標準之選用上存有邏輯上之不當連結，而牴觸我國立法者就「電腦使用人」與「電腦使用安全」所設之極限。為釐清前述爭議，筆者自本罪十數年來之法益爭議中，探詢各說見解對法益內涵之基礎共識，並同時參酌德國刑法對「電磁紀錄」處分權限歸屬之判斷，嘗試建構符合我國法制現狀之判斷標準。
食品攙偽假冒之類型化──美國法的啟示
(交通大學科技法律學院（原名稱：交通大學科技法律研究所）, 2020-03-15)
黃于容
;
陳鋕雄
;
Yu-Jung Huang
;
Chih-Hsiung Chen
邇來攙偽相關之食品安全事件頻傳，與攙偽、假冒刑罰構成要件有關之條文，亦即食品安全衛生管理法第15條第一項第七款和同法第49條之適用與討論也逐漸增加，然由於食品安全衛生管理法第15條第一項第七款條文用字過於精簡，導致實務與學說有諸多相異之觀點，至今無法統一。美國聯邦食品、藥品與化妝品法對於攙偽之規範採取比較詳盡的定義模式，共列有數十種攙偽之行為樣態，值得我國借鑑，本文將以比較法研究之方式，分析其內涵、適用狀況與相關批評，再與我國現行食品安全衛生管理法第15條第一項各款進行對照，以期能以立法論之角度，提供關於攙偽、假冒內涵之修法建議，而於未修法前，亦試圖透過比較法之對照，得出較為適切的條文解釋。
Photonic Crystal Circular Nanobeam Cavity Laser with Type-II GaSb/GaAs Quantum Rings as Gain Material
(2020-03-16)
Lin, Hsiang-Ting
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Hsu, Kung-Shu
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Chang, Chih-Chi
;
Lin, Wei-Hsun
;
Lin, Shih-Yen
The optical emission from type-II semiconductor nanostructures is influenced by the long carrier lifetime and can exhibit remarkable thermal stability. In this study, utilizing a high quality photonic crystal circular nanobeam cavity with a high quality factor and a sub-micrometer mode volume, we demonstrated an ultra-compact semiconductor laser with type-II gallium antimonide/gallium arsenide quantum rings (GaSb/GaAs QRs) as the gain medium. The lasing mode localized around the defect region of the nanobeam had a small modal volume and significant coupling with the photons emitted by QRs. It leads the remarkable shortening of carrier lifetime observed from the time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) and a high Purcell factor. Furthermore, a high characteristic temperature of 114K was observed from the device. The lasing performances indicated the type-II QRs laser is suitable for applications of photonic integrated circuit and bio-detection applications.
Phase modulators with tunability in wavefronts and optical axes originating from anisotropic molecular tilts under symmetric electric field II: experiments
(2020-03-16)
Wang, Yu-Jen
;
Lin, Yi-Hsin
;
Cakmakci, Ozan
;
Reshetnyak, Victor
;
光電工程學系
We demonstrate, for the first time, an electrically-tunable and physically-planar freeform optical element made up of nematic liquid crystals (LCs). Continued on numerical study in previous paper (Part I), experimental results here show that it is possible to break the rotational symmetry of the wavefront through the use of uneven tilt angles of the LC molecules even though the electric potential is rotationally symmetric. Our optical element offers the ability to electrically tune the direction of the optical axis, the wavefront deviation, as well as the Zernike polynomials for general descriptions of wavefronts. Corresponding Zernike coefficients of a Zernike polynomial that are related to defocus and spherical aberration, which can be adjusted individually or together. The minimum wavefront deviation is >lambda/16. The Zernike coefficients related to coma aberration or the tilt of the optical axis are also electrically tunable. By incorporating our LC phase modulator with tunability of freeform wavefronts into a simple reflective optical system, we demonstrate convincing image performance for off-axis image aberration correction. This approach will inspire further development and design of LC optical elements for applications, such as hyperspectral imagers in aerospace optics, augmented reality, virtual reality, quantum information systems, innovative miniaturized reflective telescopic systems for astrophysics, planetary science, and earth science. (C) 2020 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement
Merging anomalous data usage in wireless mobile telecommunications: Business analytics with a strategy-focused data-driven approach for sustainability
(2020-03-16)
Chen, Yi-Ting
;
Sun, Edward W.
;
Lin, Yi-Bing
;
資訊工程學系
;
Department of Computer Science
Mobile internet usage has exploded with the mass popularity of smartphones that offer more convenient and efficient ways of doing anything from watching movies, playing games, and streaming music. Understanding the patterns of data usage is thus essential for strategy-focused data-driven business analytics. However, data usage has several unique stylized facts (such as high dimensionality, heteroscedasticity, and sparsity) due to a great variety of user behaviour. To manage these facts, we propose a novel density-based subspace clustering approach (i.e., a three-stage iterative optimization procedure) for intelligent segmentation of consumer data usage/demand. We discuss the characteristics of the proposed method and illustrate its performance in both simulation with synthetic data and business analytics with real data. In a field experiment of wireless mobile telecommunications for data-driven strategic design and managerial implementation, we show that our method is adequate for business analytics and plausible for sustainability in search of business value. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier B.V.
A Displacement Frequency Response Function-Based Approach for Locating Damage to Building Structures
(2020-03-17)
Kao, Ching-Yun
;
Chen, Xuan-Zhi
;
Hung, Shih-Lin
;
土木工程學系
;
Department of Civil Engineering
Frequency response function (FRF) data can provide considerably more information on damage in the desired frequency range as compared to modal data extracted from a very limited range around resonances. Among structural health monitoring techniques, FRF-based methods have the potential to locate structural damage. Conventional structural damage detection technology collects structural response data using contact systems, such as displacement or acceleration transducers. However, installing these contact systems can be costly in terms of labor, cost, and time. Several noncontact measurement technologies, such as optical, laser, radar, and GPS, have been developed to overcome these obstacles. Given the rapid advances in optical imaging hardware technology, the use of digital photography in structural monitoring systems has attracted considerable attention. This study develops a displacement FRF-based approach to locate damage to building structures. The proposed damage location index, CurveFRFDI, improves the sensitivity of SubFRFDI, which is a substructure FRF-based damage location index proposed by Lin et al. (2012). Moreover, the feasibility of applying the proposed approach to locate damage to building structures using displacement measured by a digital camera combined with digital image correlation techniques is also investigated in this study. A numerical example and an experimental example are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of using the proposed approach to locate damage to building structures for single and multiple nonadjacent damage locations.
Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and human leukocyte antigen-C (HLA-C) allorecognition patterns in women with endometriosis
(2020-03-17)
Chou, Ya-Ching
;
Chen, Chi-Huang
;
Chen, Ming-Jer
;
Chang, Ching-Wen
;
Chen, Pi-Hua
Endometriosis shares similarities with several autoimmune diseases. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-C genotype is associated with several human autoimmune diseases. HLA-C is a ligand of killer cell immunoglobulin receptors (KIRs) and is an essential regulator of natural killer cell activity, which is associated with endometriosis progression. Polymorphisms in HLA-C and KIR affect the activity of NK cells and susceptibility to several diseases. Therefore, we attempted to investigate an association between HLA-C genotype and KIR polymorphism and the occurrence of endometriosis. We tested the association of certain KIR and HLA-C combinations and the development of endometriosis by characterizing both KIR and HLA-C genes in 147 women with endometriosis and 117 controls. The HLA-C genotypes and KIR polymorphisms were analyzed via DNA-based method for higher-resolution genotyping. We found that the occurrence of HLA-C*03:03*01 was increased in endometriosis than in control groups. Analysis of various KIR haplotypes revealed differences between the endometriosis and control cohorts. The number of KIR centromeric A/A haplotypes was increased in the endometriosis group than controls. Moreover, the endometriosis cohort was characterized by reduced number of KIR2DS2-positive individuals in the Han Chinese population. Our current findings suggest that the KIR and HLA-C genotypes are associated with the pathogenesis of endometriosis.
Titanium dioxide-mediated resistive nanobiosensor for E. coli O157:H7
(2020-03-17)
Nadzirah, Sh.
;
Hashim, U.
;
Gopinath, Subash C. B.
;
Parmin, N. A.
;
Hamzah, Azrul Azlan
A titanium dioxide nanoparticle (TiO2 NP)-mediated resistive biosensor is described for the determination of DNA fragments of Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7). The sol-gel method was used to synthesize the TiO2 NP, and microlithography was applied to fabricate the interdigitated sensor electrodes. Conventional E. coli DNA detections are facing difficulties in long-preparation-and-detection-time (more than 3 days). Hence, electronic biosensor was introduced by measuring the current-voltage (I-V) DNA probe without amplification of DNA fragments. The detection scheme is based on the interaction between the electron flow on the sensor and the introduction of negative charges from DNA probe and target DNA. The biosensor has a sensitivity of 1.67 x 10(13) omega/M and a wide analytical range. The limit detection is down to 1 x 10(-11) M of DNA. The sensor possesses outstanding repeatability and reproducibility and is cabable to detect DNA within 15 min in a minute-volume sample (1 mu L).
Label-Free Optical Microscope Based on a Phase-Modulated Femtosecond Pump-Probe Approach with Subdiffraction Resolution
(2020-03-18)
Fathi, Amir
;
Chung, Chao-Yu
;
Lee, Yuan-Pern
;
Diau, Eric Wei-Guang
;
交大名義發表
A far-field optical microscope (OM) is a powerful noninvasive, nondestructive tool to study sub-micrometer structures and organisms, which has been used for decades to study the interactions between light and matter in the spatial domain. We report here a sophisticated label-free OM method with superspatial resolution to visualize ZnO nanoparticles. Of three femtosecond pulses, two served as pumps at 1000 nm and the other one served as a probe at 774 nm. The two pumps (one of Gaussian shape and the other of toroidal shape) were generated with a phase difference of 180 degrees. When the conventional pump-probe approach was used in the absence of a second toroidal pump, a ZnO nanoparticle was observed to show a particle size of 445 nm because of the limit of diffraction. In contrast, when the second toroidal pump was applied out of phase, the obtained OM image showed a ZnO nanoparticle down to 96 nm. We demonstrated for the first time that the reported phase-modulated pump-probe approach has an ability for spatial resolution beyond its optical diffraction limit and a potential for label-free imaging applications in nanomaterials and life sciences.
Infrared Spectra of Isomers of Protonated Aniline in Solid para-Hydrogen
(2020-03-19)
Tsuge, Masashi
;
Chen, Yu-Hsuan
;
Lee, Yuan-Pern
;
交大名義發表
;
應用化學系
The protonation sites of aniline molecule play important roles in its chemical reactions, but the preferred protonation site of gaseous aniline has yet to be determined. In this work, we recorded infrared (IR) absorption spectra of three isomers of protonated aniline, H+C6H5NH2, produced on electron bombardment during matrix deposition at 3.2 K of a mixture of aniline and para-H-2. The intensities of IR lines of H+C6H5NH2 decreased during maintenance of the electron-bombarded matrix in darkness because of neutralization with electrons that were slowly released from their trapping sites. The observed lines were classified into three groups according to their behavior upon secondary photolysis with light at 375 and 254 nm and assigned to para-, amino-, and ortho-H+C6H5NH2, the three most stable isomers of protonated aniline, according to comparison of experimental spectra with quantum-chemically predicted spectra of five possible isomers of H+C6H5NH2. The spectra of para- and ortho-H+C6H5NH2 are newly distinguished. The approximate relative abundance of these isomers in solid p-H-2 was para:amino:ortho similar to (1.0 +/- 0.1):(1.0 +/- 0.6):(0.6 +/- 0.1). The possible mechanisms of formation are discussed.
Pd(II)-Catalyzed Direct Dehydrogenative Mono- and Diolefination of Selenophenes
(2020-03-20)
Chen, Shi-Yen
;
Sahoo, Santosh K.
;
Huang, Ching-Li
;
Chan, Tung-Hsien
;
Cheng, Yen-Ju
Pd(II)-catalyzed dehydrogenative Heck olefination of selenophenes with a broad olefinic substrate scope and high functional group tolerance is demonstrated. Carbonyl-substituted and phenyl-substituted olefins with electron-donating (D) and electron-accepting (A) groups can be regioselectively installed at C2 of the selenophene. The 2-olefinated selenophenes can subsequently undergo a second oxidative olefination to rapidly produce a new class of symmetrical D-pi-D or unsymmetrical D-pi-A 2,5-diolefinated selenophene materials.