Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2020-07-09"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 4662

Proteogenomics of Non-smoking Lung Cancer in East Asia Delineates Molecular Signatures of Pathogenesis and Progression
(2020-07-09)
Chen, Yi-Ju
;
Roumeliotis, Theodoros, I
;
Chang, Ya-Hsuan
;
Chen, Ching-Tai
;
Han, Chia-Li
Lung cancer in East Asia is characterized by a high percentage of never-smokers, early onset and predominant EGFR mutations. To illuminate the molecular phenotype of this demographically distinct disease, we performed a deep comprehensive proteogenomic study on a prospectively collected cohort in Taiwan, representing early stage, predominantly female, non-smoking lung adenocarcinoma. Integrated genomic, proteomic, and phosphoproteomic analysis delineated the demographically distinct molecular attributes and hallmarks of tumor progression. Mutational signature analysis revealed age- and gender-related mutagenesis mechanisms, characterized by high prevalence of APOBEC mutational signature in younger females and over-representation of environmental carcinogen-like mutational signatures in older females. A proteomics-informed classification distinguished the clinical characteristics of early stage patients with EGFR mutations. Furthermore, integrated protein network analysis revealed the cellular remodeling underpinning clinical trajectories and nominated candidate biomarkers for patient stratification and therapeutic intervention. This multi-omic molecular architecture may help develop strategies for management of early stage never-smoker lung adenocarcinoma.
Electronic States and Nonradiative Decay of Cold Gas-Phase Cinnamic Acid Derivatives Studied by Laser Spectroscopy with a Laser-Ablation Technique
(2020-07-09)
Iida, Yuji
;
Kinoshita, Shin-nosuke
;
Kenjo, Seiya
;
Muramatsu, Satoru
;
Inokuchi, Yoshiya
We performed UV spectroscopy for p-coumaric acid (pCA), ferulic acid (FA), and caffeic acid (CafA) under jet-cooled gas-phase conditions by using a laser-ablation source. These molecules showed the S-1((1)pi pi*)-S-0 absorption in the 31 500-33 500 cm(-1) region. Both pCA and FA exhibited sharp vibronic bands, while CafA showed only a broad feature. The decay time profile of the (1)pi pi* state was measured by picosecond pump-probe spectroscopy, and the transient state produced through the nonradiative decay (NRD) from (1)pi pi* and its time profile were measured by nanosecond UV-deep UV pump-probe spectroscopy. The transient state was observed for pCA and FA and assigned to the T-1 state, and we concluded that the NRD process of (1)pi pi* is S-1((1)pi pi*). (1)n pi* -> T-1((3)pi pi*), similar to those of methyl cinnamate and para-substituted cinnamates such as p-hydroxy and p-methoxy methyl cinnamate. On the other hand, the transient T-1 state was not detected in CafA, and its NRD route is suggested to be S-1((1)pi pi*). (1)pi sigma* -> H atom elimination, similar to those of phenol and catechol. The effect of a hydrogen bond on the electronic state and NRD process was investigated, and it was found that the H-bonding lowers the (1)pi pi* energy and suppresses the NRD process for all the species.
Atomic-Scale Localized Thinning and Reconstruction of Two-Dimensional WS2 Layers through In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy/Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy
(2020-07-09)
Tseng, Yi-Tang
;
Tai, Kuo-Lun
;
Huang, Chun-Wei
;
Huang, Chih-Yang
;
Wu, Wen-Wei
Subnanometer nanofabrication has been investigated, and electron beam processing has been found to be a suitable strategy to control nanoparticle organization over large areas. Organized nanostructures have demonstrated their potential for technological applications. Here, we focus on the processing of tungsten disulfide (WS2) due to its novelty and promising electronic properties for further development of functional devices. First, we summarize the theory of electron beam irradiation by surveying the dynamic behaviors observed during in situ experiments. In particular, the diverse structures with various numbers of layers derived from localized thinning produce considerable lateral heterointerfaces. The generation of the intriguing tungsten-rich cluster is also consistent with the mechanism of our atomic engineering experiments. These findings suggest a method for the electron beam processing of 2D materials and demonstrate the viability of atomic engineering using electron irradiation.
Fabrication of highly efficient hybrid device structure based white light emitting diodes
(2020-07-10)
Verma, Akta
;
Sharma, S. K.
;
Lin, Chih-Hao
;
Manikandan, Arumugam
;
Kuo, Hao-Chung
In this study, white light is generated from the combination of BaMgAl10O17:Mn2+ (BAM) green phosphor and colloidal red CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) via two different solid and hybrid type geometries. Problem of aggregation in solid type device is discussed in details and motivates us to move towards the fabrication of hybrid type device structure. The photoluminescence (PL) characterization was used to record the excitation and emission spectra of BAM and QDs materials. The size of CdSe/ZnS QDs was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy technique. The CdSe/ZnS QDs owned high quantum yield (>50%) and contributed to fabrication of high luminous efficiency of white light emitting diodes (WLEDs). The hybrid-type WLED showed 98% lm/W with outstanding color gamut values with a National Television System Committee (NTSC) value of 138% and Rec.2020 value of 105%. Moreover, the hybrid type device structure shows only 5% attenuation in luminous efficiency after 500 h of storage which maintains a great optical property.
The Multifaceted Effects of Serotonin Transporter Polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) on Anxiety, Implicit Moral Attitudes, and Harmful Behaviors
(2020-07-10)
Martinez, Roger Marcelo
;
Chen, Chin-Yau
;
Liao, Tsai-Tsen
;
Cheng, Yawei
;
Fan, Yang-Teng
Morality is fundamentally human in nature. Regardless, and even when moral norms seem to work toward the common goal of human cooperation, which morally contentious behaviors are permitted and which are prohibited vary across populations. Because of this occurrence, much scientific debate has revolved around the notion that this phenomenon might be explained by the interaction between genes and environment. Alongside, whether the principles cementing the bases of morality are intuition- or reason-based is another question that has been raised. However, previous research addressing these topics used explicit measures to probe moral attitudes, thus being the participants able to intentionally modify or disguise their honest responses. What's more, while the 5-HTT gene was found to be associated with anxiety, morality, and even cultural structures, a single genotype-phenotype linkage cannot be established without considering the multifaceted effects of the 5-HTT gene on gene-behavior interactions. In order to explore the role of genetics on modeling moral attitudes and behaviors, we genotyped the 5-HTTLPR in 114 healthy volunteers and subsequently assessed their explicit justice sensitivity (Justice Sensitivity Inventory) and moral permissibility judgments, as well as their implicit moral attitudes [moral implicit association task (mIAT)]. Results revealed that 5-HTTLPR short-allele carriers had significantly lower mIAT reaction times when answering correctly and were less compliant on harming another person even when harm or death would inevitably occur anyway to this other individual. With these preliminary results, we can first see how it does not have to be a matter of vouching for a rationalist versus an intuitionist model of moral judgment, but rather being moral judgment an outcome of the different variants of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism affecting the way in which individuals engage contrastingly with moral issues.
Charge-transfer energy in iridates: A hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study
(2020-07-13)
Takegami, D.
;
Kasinathan, D.
;
Wolff, K. K.
;
Altendorf, S. G.
;
Chang, C. F.
We have investigated the electronic structure of iridates in the double perovskite crystal structure containing either Ir4+ or Ir5+ using hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The experimental valence band spectra can be well reproduced using tight-binding calculations including only the Ir 5d, O 2p, and O 2s orbitals with parameters based on the downfolding of the density-functional band structure results. We found that, regardless of the A and B cations, the A(2)BIrO(6) iridates have essentially zero O 2p to Ir 5d charge-transfer energies. Hence double perovskite iridates turn out to be extremely covalent systems with the consequence being that the magnetic exchange interactions become very long ranged, thereby hampering the materialization of the long-sought Kitaev physics. Nevertheless, it still would be possible to realize a spin-liquid system using the iridates with a proper tuning of the various competing exchange interactions.
The Hybrid Solar-RF Energy for Base Transceiver Stations
(2020-07-14)
Nguyen, Cuong, V
;
Nguyen, Minh T.
;
Quyen, Toan, V
;
Le, Anh M.
;
Truong, Linh H.
The base transceiver stations (BTS) are telecom infrastructures that facilitate wireless communication between the subscriber device and the telecom operator networks. They are deployed in suitable places having a lot of freely propagating ambient radio frequency (RF) and solar energies. This paper is aimed at converting received ambient environmental energy into usable electricity to power the stations. We proposed a hybrid energy harvesting system that can collect energy from RF and solar energies at the same time. The sources are combined to provide to a significant amount, to contribute to operational expenditures that reduce energy costs, and to improve the energy efficiency of the base station sites in rural areas from the most common renewable resources since the base stations are major consumers of cellular networks. The hybrid systems are designed with circuits, simulated, and compared to show their good performance to the base stations. PSIM, PROTEUS, and MATLAB software are used to simulate for evaluating the voltage and the current output of the hybrid systems that meet the power requirements. The design and simulation results show the feasibility of our proposed method with the battery storage that can be deployed not only in real base stations but also for other electrical operated systems.
How Does Gender Stereotype Affect the Memory of Advertisements? A Behavioral and Electroencephalography Study
(2020-07-14)
Lo, Shih-Yu
;
King, Jung-Tai
;
Lin, Chin-Teng
;
傳播研究所
;
通識教育中心
Previous studies have shown equivocal results about whether atypical or unusual events, compared with typical ones, facilitate or inhibit memory. We suspect that the indefinite findings could be partly due to the recall task used in these studies, as the participants might have used inference instead of recall in their responses. In the present study, we tested the recognition memory for real (Experiment 1) and fabricated (Experiment 2) advertisements, which could be congruent or incongruent with gender stereotypes. In congruent advertisements, a female endorser presented a traditionally considered feminine product or a male endorser presented a traditionally considered masculine product, whereas the gender-product type matching reversed in incongruent advertisements. The results of both behavioral experiments revealed that the participants' memory performance for stereotype-incongruent advertisements was higher than for congruent ones. In the event-related potential (ERP) recordings in Experiment 3, larger positive amplitudes were found for stereotype-incongruent advertisements than for congruent advertisements on the left parietal sites, suggesting a deeper encoding process for stereotype-incongruent information than for stereotype-congruent information.
Controlling the visible-light driven photocatalytic activity of alloyed ZnSe-AgInSe(2)quantum dots for hydrogen production
(2020-07-14)
Hsieh, Ping-Yen
;
Kameyama, Tatsuya
;
Takiyama, Takayuki
;
Masuoka, Ko
;
Yamamoto, Takahisa
Binary semiconductor quantum dots such as CdS and CdSe have been widely studied as photocatalysts for hydrogen production, but the high toxicity of Cd impedes their widespread deployment. Recently, multinary I-III-VI-based semiconductors,e.g., AgInS(2)and CuInS2, have emerged as promising alternatives for environmentally benign photocatalysts. In this work, we prepared quantum dots (QDs) composed of an alloyed ZnSe-AgInSe2(ZAISe) semiconductor and evaluated their photocatalytic activity for hydrogen (H-2) production. By individually controlling the fractions of Zn and Ag, that is, the ratios of (Ag + In)/(Zn + Ag + In) and Ag/(Ag + In), the band structure of ZAISe QDs could be finely tuned to improve their photocatalytic activity. The action spectra of the photocatalytic reaction of ZAISe QDs revealed vigorous activity across the whole visible region from 400 to 700 nm. The highest apparent quantum yield of H(2)production reached 3.4% under irradiation at 600 nm.
Impairment in dynein-mediated nuclear translocation by BICD2 C-terminal truncation leads to neuronal migration defect and human brain malformation
(2020-07-14)
Tsai, Meng-Han
;
Cheng, Haw-Yuan
;
Nian, Fang-Shin
;
Liu, Chen
;
Chao, Nian-Hsin
During brain development, the nucleus of migrating neurons follows the centrosome and translocates into the leading process. Defects in these migratory events, which affect neuronal migration, cause lissencephaly and other neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the mechanism of nuclear translocation remains elusive. Using whole exome sequencing (WES), we identified a novel nonsense BICD2 variant p.(Lys775Ter) (K775X) from a lissencephaly patient. Interestingly, most BICD2 missense variants have been associated with human spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) without obvious brain malformations. By in utero electroporation, we showed that BicD2 knockdown in mouse embryos inhibited neuronal migration. Surprisingly, we observed severe blockage of neuronal migration in cells overexpressing K775X but not in those expressing wild-type BicD2 or SMA-associated missense variants. The centrosome of the mutant was, on average, positioned farther away from the nucleus, indicating a failure in nuclear translocation without affecting the centrosome movement. Furthermore, BicD2 localized at the nuclear envelope (NE) through its interaction with NE protein Nesprin-2. K775X variant disrupted this interaction and further interrupted the NE recruitment of BicD2 and dynein. Remarkably, fusion of BicD2-K775X with NE-localizing domain KASH resumed neuronal migration. Our results underscore impaired nuclear translocation during neuronal migration as an important pathomechanism of lissencephaly.
【醫放系～11/15歡迎系友回娘家】
(國立陽明大學, 2020-07-15)
陽明電子報編輯小組
醫放系系友回娘家暨三十周年創系紀念活動，將於11/15（日）於本
【腦科學研究中心學術專題演講】機器學習經驗分享～在醫療數據與商標數據上的應用
(國立陽明大學, 2020-07-15)
陽明電子報編輯小組
日期：7月17日（五）時間：12:00-13:30 講者：陳翎博士.
【醫放系～7/19系友情人湖健行聯誼活動】
(國立陽明大學, 2020-07-15)
陽明電子報編輯小組
陽明醫放系系友會將於7/19（日）9:30 情人湖，舉辦健行及啖海鮮
高雄市國立陽明大學校友會—109年上半年精彩活動回顧
(國立陽明大學, 2020-07-15)
陽明電子報編輯小組
高雄陽明校友會去年底舉辦多場聯誼活動後，直至近期疫情稍緩，逐漸開啟以戶外活動為主的多場健行活動，親子共遊，聯繫情誼。
【圖書館～校友免費紙本文獻傳遞服務】
(國立陽明大學, 2020-07-15)
陽明電子報編輯小組
您是否畢業後即苦惱無法使用圖書館的期刊文獻？尤其地處偏遠.
Bispecific antibody (HER2 x mPEG) enhances anti-cancer effects by precise targeting and accumulation of mPEGylated liposomes
(2020-07-15)
Chen, I-Ju
;
Cheng, Yi-An
;
Ho, Kai-Wen
;
Lin, Wen-Wei
;
Cheng, Kai-Wen
Targeted antibodies and methoxy-PEGylated nanocarriers have gradually become a mainstream of cancer therapy. To increase the anti-cancer effects of targeted antibodies combined with mPEGylated liposomes (mPEG-liposomes), we describe a bispecific antibody in which an anti-methoxy-polyethylene glycol scFv (alpha mPEG scFv) was fused to the C-terminus of an anti-HER2 (alpha HER2) antibody to generate a HER2 x mPEG BsAb that retained the original efficacy of a targeted antibody while actively attracting mPEG-liposomes to accumulate at tumor sites. HER2 xmPEG BsAb can simultaneously bind to HER2high expressing MCF7/HER2 tumor cells and mPEG molecules on mPEG-liposomal doxorubicin (Lipo-Dox). Pre-incubation of HER2 x mPEG BsAb with cells increased the endocytosis of Lipo-DiD and enhanced the cytotoxicity of Lipo-Dox to MCF7/HER2 tumor cells. Furthermore, pre-treatment of HER2 x mPEG BsAb enhanced the tumor accumulation and retention of Lipo-DiR 2.2-fold in HER2-high expressing MCF7/HER2 tumors as compared to HER2-low expressing MCF7/neol tumors. Importantly, HER2 x mPEG BsAb plus Lipo-Dox significantly suppressed tumor growth as compared to control BsAb plus Lipo-Dox in MCF7/HER2 tumor-bearing mice. These results indicate that HER2 x mPEG BsAb can enhance tumor accumulation of mPEG-liposomes to improve the therapeutic efficacy of combination treatment. Anti-mPEG scFv can be fused to any kind of targeted antibody to generate BsAbs to actively attract mPEG-drugs and improve anti-cancer efficacy. Statement of Significance Antibody targeted therapy and PEGylated drugs have gradually become the mainstream of cancer therapy. To enhance the anti-cancer effects of targeted antibodies combined with PEGylated drugs is very important. To this aim, we fused an anti-PEG scFv to the C-terminal of HER2 targeted antibodies to generate a HER2xmPEG bispecific antibody (BsAb) to retain the original efficacy of targeted antibody whilst actively attract mPEG-liposomal drugs to accumulate at tumor sites. The present study demonstrates pretreatment of HER2xmPEG BsAb can enhance tumor accumulation of mPEG-liposomal drugs to improve the therapeutic efficacy of combination treatment. Anti-mPEG scFv can be fused to any kind of targeted antibody to generate BsAbs to actively attract mPEG-drugs and improve anti-cancer efficacy. (C) 2020 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
【圖書館～加入圖書館年費會員即獲限量神農之境】
(國立陽明大學, 2020-07-15)
陽明電子報編輯小組
歡迎校友加入圖書館榮譽之友年費會員，相關辦法請參考： https
【校友中心～持本校證件享特約商店服務】
(國立陽明大學, 2020-07-15)
陽明電子報編輯小組
本校特約商店提供師生校友們美食、住宿、交通、醫療、購物等優惠，今年並新增多家廠商，更感謝有開業院長校友支持！所有優...
獲獎、榮陞及返校訊息
(國立陽明大學, 2020-07-15)
陽明電子報編輯小組
2020年，熱情的夏日來臨，也熱烈分享多位陽明校友的好消息！有獲獎喜訊、步步高陞、特別受邀返校等，是陽明人的驕傲～請大家給予掌聲歡呼唷！也祝福所有校友們都能事業順展，幸福平安！
陽明大學牙醫校友總會—109年上半年精彩活動回顧
(國立陽明大學, 2020-07-15)
陽明電子報編輯小組
陽明大學牙醫校友總會6月15日迎新聯誼餐會活動，盛大歡迎最新出爐熱血沸騰第39屆畢業生加入牙醫校友總會的大家庭，增添精彩回憶