客家族群產業經濟研究：以後龍溪為例

Abstract

第二年的研究調查重點乃是依據並延續第一年基礎資料的蒐集，深入探究並建構不同經濟發展階段中的區域社會範圍邊際的消長、產業網絡的生成變化、經濟活動的在地特性、族群產業的分工經營、商業組織的發展變化…等，也嘗試從四條溪的整合資料中釐清有代表性的產業，在時空行事的整體理解背景下，進行兼顧歷時性─共時性、深度─廣度有對話呈現的研究。 在後續研究當中，嘗試努力建構後龍溪流域的經濟發展階段、相關的市場圈範圍與人群互動的網絡，而在史料蒐集方面也結合運用GIS 等相關技術，將蒐集到的資料以電子資料的方式呈現，觀玩理解呈現的變化特質與空間分布格局，具體化建構圖像式的區域產業紮根詮釋。在本研究計畫中乃將後龍溪上、中、下游視為一族群互動的場域，物質生活與市場經濟以地理空間作為摩盪交長的舞台，並嘗試論證客家族群經濟產業發展的命題與成果；也從維生方式、聚落形式、交通網絡、族群關係、治理系統特質等面向進行錯綜關係的多元分析，並與其它流域的研究成果進行可比較性的對話，繼而將舞台場域延伸到客家向南再度遷徙移動的產經文化來作相關探討；除了歷史經驗的事實建構外，同時也藉由理論與方法的思維應用與檢視反省，提出客家族群經濟發展的論述邏輯與風格特質。 本研究在第二年計畫的探討主軸簡述如下：(1)將後龍溪上、中、下游視為一族群互動的場域，物質生活與市場經濟以地理空間作為摩盪交長的舞台，結合GIS 的系統，將族群經濟與相關資料整合， 從事系統化的分析與闡述探究。 (2)嘗試整理相關客家族群經濟產業發展的命題與成果，作為後龍溪產業經濟發展的進一步反思論述的參考， (3)綜合維生方式、聚落形式、交通網絡、族群關係、治理系統特質等面向做整體分析，並與其它流域的研究成果進行比較對話。 (4)除了歷史經驗的事實建構外，同時也嘗試由理論與方法的思維應用與檢視反省，尤其是應用年鑑學派的分析層次與論述要點，在物質生活、市場經濟以及國家與資本主義制度化的運作，加以條理分析闡述。

This study integrates different sciences to investigate , analyze and interpret the social change and industrial economical development of Houlong river area. Geographical circumstances were the important influence factors of settlements and communities founded , different ethical groups interaction and local societies development . From the discussing of points of view of economic sociology , embedment concepts ,Skinner’s local markets analysis and Annual school , Houlong river area would be the window to look Hakka with other ethnic groups interacting during different epoch by multi-dimensions, which also would be the field of dialectical development of political governance ,different forms of capital exchange ,social and cultural dispositions of practices of habitus. This research would take qualitative methods to collect and analyze data and references, through the convey of fieldwork , to understand the area development wholly and construct history from below or grassroots history. This study also takes the Houlong river area as the stage performed by Hakka with other ethnic groups to construct local culture, maintain material lives and manage industrial economies . Houlong river area would be the network of connections of local markets where different communities and ethic groups exchanged. Resources of water and mountain influenced migration network and Hakka settlements, providing the field to develop local societies and economical communities. This research would try to learn to use GIS instruments to show and form the development of area economic and cultural history diachronically and synchronically.