團隊成員的獎懲經驗對集體獎懲系統正義知覺之影響－探討預先告知與集體責任共識的跨層次調節效果

Abstract

本研究以大學生學習團隊為樣本進行實驗，探討個體所遭受的集體獎懲經驗對於其對獎懲系統正義知覺的影響，並從跨層次觀點討論預先告知獎懲規則及團隊集體責任共識等群體變項對於正義知覺的脈絡效果，以及對於獎懲經驗與正義知覺的跨層次調節效果。研究發現，在個體層次上，接受集體獎勵的成員之正義知覺會高於受到集體懲罰者之正義知覺。於群體層次上，預先告知獎懲規則及團隊集體責任共識對於成員的正義知覺具有脈絡效果，團隊集體責任共識對於獎懲經驗與正義知覺的關係具有跨層次的調節效果。接受預先告知獎懲規則的團隊，其成員對集體獎懲系統的正義知覺會高於沒有被預先告知獎懲規則的團隊之成員。集體責任共識愈高的團隊，其成員對集體獎懲系統的正義知覺愈高。團隊集體責任共識也會增強受試者獎懲經驗對正義知覺的正向關係。本研究針對分析結果討論管理意涵並提出未來研究建議。

The present study used the sample of college students to examine the effects of individuals' experience of collective reward/punishment toward justice perception, and used the multilevel perspective to explore the contextual effects of group-level variables, advance notice and teams' shared collective responsibility, toward individual-level variable, member's justice perception, and their cross-level moderating effect. The results showed that, at individual level, subjects who experienced collective reward had higher justice perception than subjects who experienced collective punishment. At group level, there were the contextual effects of advance notice and teams' shared collective responsibility on member's justice perception, and cross-level moderating effect of teams' shared collective responsibility between individuals' experience of collective reward/punishment and justice perception. Implications for practice and further research are discussed.