Transmission Performance Improvement of PAM-4 Signal Direct-Detected by Ge-Si Photodiode using Volterra Equalization

Abstract

We demonstrate a 4-level pulse-amplitude-modulation (PANT-4) transmission system direct-detected by germanium-silicon (Ge-Si) photodiode (PD). Volterra-equalization is used to compensate signal distortion and 40-Gibt/s and 50-Gbit/s PANT-4 signals after 20-km and 10-km fiber transmissions are achieved.