羽球運動技戰術分析文獻之回顧

Abstract

羽球運動的技術使用與戰術應用是影響運動員訓練與表現的重要因素之一。過去雖已有諸多研究探討羽球運動技術或戰術分析的研究與討論，但卻鮮少針對相關研究結果進行有系統的彙整與整合。基此，本文旨在統整羽球技戰術分析的相關文獻，進行蒐集歸納與梳理，以瞭解羽球運動技術或戰術的現況與發展趨勢。結果顯示，羽球新賽制的實施，加快了羽球五個單項的比賽節奏，而朝向速度（球速、移位速度）與主動攻擊發展，使得下壓技術（殺球、扣球、切球）、發短球與網前技術成為主要使用技術；戰術方面，男子單打和雙打主要以主動攻擊與前中場持續壓制為主，女子單打和女子雙打則是強調多元進攻與反守為攻戰術，而混合雙打則以男後女前的攻擊模式為主要戰術。據此結果，提出具體實務訓練、競賽，以及未來研究方向之建議。

The techniques and the tactics used in badminton are important factors that affect players' training and their performances. Although there have been several analyses and discussions of the techniques or the tactics of badminton, few of them have been systematically collected and organized. Therefore, the object of this investigation was to organize the materials, thus realize the current situation and the development of the techniques or tactics of badminton. The result showed that the implementation of the five categories of badminton intensified the flow of game, which made the speed and active forcing shot be more crucial in one game. Furthermore, pressing shot such as smash and cut, low serve, and net play became the major skills. As for the tactics, the frequently used tactics in men's singles and doubles were active attacking and consecutive smashes on mid- and forecourt. Both women's singles and women's doubles emphasized the variation of attack and the tactic of defense and fight back. In mixed doubles, the tactic of male back female up was usually adopted. As the result, we outlined the suggestions of practically training, competition, and the research agenda for the future.