標題: | Taste Intensity in the Beaver Dam Offspring Study |
作者: | Fischer, Mary E. Cruickshanks, Karen J. Schubert, Carla R. Pinto, Alex Klein, Barbara E. K. Klein, Ronald Nieto, F. Javier Pankow, James S. Huang, Guan-Hua Snyder, Derek J. 統計學研究所 Institute of Statistics |
關鍵字: | Salt taste;sweet taste;sour taste;bitter taste |
公開日期: | 1-六月-2013 |
摘要: | Objectives/Hypothesis: To determine the distribution of the perceived intensity of salt, sweet, sour, and bitter in a large population and to investigate factors associated with perceived taste intensity. Study Design: Cross-sectional population. Methods: Subjects (n = 2,374; mean age, 48.8 years) were participants in the Beaver Dam Offspring Study examined during 2005 to 2008. Perceived taste intensity was measured using paper disks and a general labeled magnitude scale. Multiple linear regression was performed. Results: Mean intensity ratings were: salt = 27.2 (standard deviation [SD] = 18.5), sweet = 0.4 (SD = 15.0), sour = 35.7 (SD = 21.4), and bitter = 49.6 (SD 23.3). Females and those with less than a college degree education rated tastes stronger. With adjustment for age, sex, and education, stronger perceived sour and bitter intensities were related to current smoking (sour: B = 2.8, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.4 to 5.2; bitter: B = 2.8, 95% CI, 0.3 to 5.4) and lipid-lowering medications (sour: B = 5.1, 95% CI, 2.5 to 7.6; bitter: B = 3.2, 95% CI, 0.6 to 5.8). Alcohol consumption in the past year was related to weaker salt (B = -2.8, 95% CI, -5.3 to -0.3) and sweet intensity ratings (B = -2.3, 95% CI, -4.3 to -0.3), whereas olfactory impairment was associated with higher sweet ratings (B = 4.7, 95% CI, 1.4 to 7.9). Conclusions: Perceived intensities were strongest for bitter and weakest for sweet. Sex and education were associated with each taste, whereas age did not demonstrate a consistent relationship. Associations with other factors differed by tast-ants, with current smoking and alcohol consumption being related to some tastes. |
URI: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.23894 http://hdl.handle.net/11536/21964 |
ISSN: | 0023-852X |
DOI: | 10.1002/lary.23894 |
期刊: | LARYNGOSCOPE |
Volume: | 123 |
Issue: | 6 |
起始頁: | 1399 |
結束頁: | 1404 |
顯示於類別: | 會議論文 |