Investigation on Polarization Features of Broad-Area Square-Shaped VCSELs with Different Frequency Detuning: High-Order Modes Assisted in Stable Polarization Emission

Abstract

We experimentally confirm frequency detuning is the crucial factor for being capable of polarization switching in broad-area square-shaped VCSELs. Intriguingly, the VCSEL can exhibit stable polarization in light output for relatively large frequency detuning.