Bottle beam generation from a frequency-doubled Nd:YVO4 laser with a tightly end-pumping geometry

Abstract

We first demonstrated the generation of an optical bottle beam with a zero-intensity region surrounded by three-dimensional bright regions from an intra-cavity frequency-doubled Nd:YVO4 laser with a nearly hemispherical cavity configuration. We also numerically analyzed the components of the generated bottle beam which consists of a series of Laguerre-Gaussian modes. The experimental results can be excellently reconstructed with the theoretical model.