A Field-Programmable Lab-on-a-Chip with Built-in Self-Test Circuit and Low-Power Sensor-Fusion Solution in 0.35 mu m Standard CMOS Process

Abstract

This paper presents a field programmable lab-on-a-chip (FPLOC) with microfluidics actuation, droplet location/category readback, built-in-self-test (BIST), and bioassays detection. This FPLOC is composed of 1,800 MEDA microelectrodes and integrates a set of microfluidic operations to perform droplet moving/cutting/mixing. Besides, capacitive sensing circuits are considered for system automation, droplets classification, malfunctioning microelectrodes and surface flatness testing, and biomedical detection. Implemented in 0.35 mu m standard CMOS process in 7.4mm(2), the FPLOC demonstrates microfluidic operations under 25V at 1KHz, 1.3fF resolution for droplet location/category/chip BIST maps readback at 1MHz, and 0.34fF sensitivity of capacitive measurement window for biomedical detection at 1KHz.