Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2002-06-01"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 74672

Reliability evaluation for airline network design in response to fluctuation in passenger demand
(2002-06-01)
Hsu, CI
;
Wen, YH
;
運輸與物流管理系註：原交通所+運管所
;
Department of Transportation and Logistics Management
This study develops a reliability evaluation method for airline network design. Reliability evaluation in the airline network design phase is considered herein as a post-design task. A series of models for determining flight frequencies on individual routes, evaluating reliability under normal/abnormal demand fluctuations, and providing a priori adjustment of flight frequencies are presented. A case study demonstrating the feasibility of applying the proposed models is provided. Study results not only suggest a post evaluation and adjustment method for airline network design in response to future uncertain fluctuation in passenger demand, but also provide ways to improve flexibility in airline flight frequency decision-making. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Fully process-compatible layout design on bond pad to improve wire bond reliability in CMOS ICs
(2002-06-01)
Ker, MD
;
Peng, JJ
;
電子工程學系及電子研究所
;
Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronics
During manufacture of wire bonding in packaged IC products, the breaking of bond wires and the peeling of bond pads occur frequently. The result is open-circuit failure in IC products. There were several prior methods reported to overcome these problems by using additional process flows or special materials. In this paper, a layout method is proposed to improve the bond wire reliability in general CMOS processes. By changing the layout patterns of bond pads, the reliability of bond wires on bond pads can be improved. A set of different layout patterns of bond pads has been drawn and fabricated in a 0.6-mum single-poly triple-metal CMOS process for investigation by the bond wire reliability tests, the ball shear test and the wire pull test. By implementing effective layout patterns on bond pads in packaged IC products, not only the bond wire reliability can be improved, but also the bond pad capacitance can be reduced for high frequency application. The proposed layout method for bond pad design is fully process-compatible to general CMOS processes.
An optimization model for assessing flight technical delay
(2002-06-01)
Wong, JT
;
Li, SL
;
Gillingwater, D
;
運輸與物流管理系註：原交通所+運管所
;
Department of Transportation and Logistics Management
This paper identifies the causes as well as the practical measurement of aircraft flight delays. The performance of air traffic management is measured by examining technical delays and scheduled timetable delays, which are derived from a mathematical programming model. To validate the optimization model, flight delays are simulated under various service rules. The outcome of the simulation runs shows that the average delay for each aircraft estimated from the optimization model is marginally higher than that from the simulation run under the "first come first serve" rule. However, under the "arrival flight first" rule, the optimization model's results are either higher or lower than those of the simulation model. Nonetheless, both sets of simulated delays are strongly correlated with those of the optimization model. Results from regression analyses show that the optimization model has the capacity to predict flight technical delays.
Multicriteria analysis of environmental quality in Taipei: public preferences and improvement strategies
(2002-06-01)
Tzeng, GH
;
Tsaur, SH
;
Laiw, YD
;
Opricovic, S
;
運輸與物流管理系註：原交通所+運管所
The public preferences for environmental quality should be a primary consideration of planners and decision-makers in environmental systems planning. In the first stage of multicriteria analysis, a multi-attribute evaluation model for determining public preferences is formulated. The environmental indices are defined for a comparison of environmental quality in different metropolitan districts. The public preferences of the environmental quality in Taipei are obtained using the weighted average rating method. The results indicate air quality and noise pollution as main public concern. In the second stage of multicriteria analysis, strategies are proposed to improve the air quality, and criteria are established. The experts evaluated all alternative strategies according to the criteria. The alternatives are ranked applying the compromise ranking method. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
The structural Birnbaum importance of consecutive-k systems
(2002-06-01)
Chang, HW
;
Chen, RJ
;
Hwang, FK
;
應用數學系
;
資訊工程學系
This paper is concerned with three types of structural Birnbaum importance of components in a consecutive-k system. We accomplish the following three tasks: (i) Survey existing results, including pointing out results claimed but proofs are incomplete. (ii) Give some new results and useful lemmas. (iii) Observe what are still provable and what are not with the help of extensive computing.
Abundance of mosaic patterns for CNN with spatially variant templates
(2002-06-01)
Hsu, CH
;
Yang, TH
;
應用數學系
;
Department of Applied Mathematics
This work investigates the complexity of one-dimensional cellular neural network mosaic patterns with spatially variant templates on finite and infinite lattices. Various boundary conditions are considered for finite lattices and the exact number of mosaic patterns is computed precisely. The entropy of mosaic patterns with periodic templates can also be calculated for infinite lattices. Furthermore, we show the abundance of mosaic patterns with respect to template periods and, which differ greatly from cases with spatially invariant templates.
The key dimensions of criteria for the evaluation FNA selection of ISPS: An exploratory study
(2002-06-01)
Shee, DY
;
Tzeng, GH
;
交大名義發表
;
National Chiao Tung University
The progressive advancements in information technology (IT) coupled with the global expansion of communication infrastructure has enabled firms to create and sustain large scale strategic advantages, with the result of an ever-increasing demand from firms for new types of information services (IS) to facilitate and coordinate their daily operations. Hence, the aim of this research is to explore the underlying dimensions of criteria for the evaluation and selection of information service providers (ISPs). By undertaking a review of the literature, we first analyze the dynamics of ISPs to define their present day role before going on to develop a questionnaire for the field survey. Based on the data collected from 57 firms, two distinct procedures are adopted to carry out the exploratory factor analyses in order to derive the preliminary factor solutions. Followed by a process of post-analysis validation, these empirically derived factor solutions are reviewed and refined in accordance with domain experts' opinions, and as a result, the final factor solution is obtained. It is hoped that through the utilization of mechanical factor analyses and subsequent manual validation, it will be possible to achieve both "parsimony" and "inclusiveness" of the final factor solution. This study results that there are seven dimensions of criteria which are critical to the evaluation and selection of ISPs: (1) performance of information systems; (2) awareness of and response to customer requirements; (3) ISP's market capability; (4) performance of networking; (5) ISP's credibility and fame; (6) provision of customized professional services; and (7) innovative R&D into technology.
Heuristic algorithms for packing of multiple-group multicasting
(2002-06-01)
Wang, CF
;
Liang, CT
;
Jan, RH
;
資訊工程學系
;
Department of Computer Science
Multicast communication is an efficient routing method for multimedia data distribution, since it can save network bandwidth during the communication session. Thus, the multicast routing problems have received much attention from many researchers. In this paper, we consider a multicast routing problem with multiple multicast sessions under a capacity limited constraint. This problem is formulated as a tree packing problem. We propose two heuristic algorithms, Steiner-tree-based heuristic (STH) algorithm and cut-set-based heuristic (CSH) algorithm, for solving this problem. The simulation results show that the STH algorithm can find a better approximate solution in a shorter computation time compared to CSH. In addition, if the available bandwidth for the service is just enough, the STH and CSH algorithms may fail to find a solution even if the solution exists. The simulation results also indicate that CSH has a higher probability than STH to find a solution. Thus, it is suggested that one can apply the STH algorithm first to solve the tree packing problem. In case STH fails, CSH algorithm will be used instead.
Index assignment in vector quantisation for channels with memory
(2002-06-01)
Chang, WW
;
Hsu, HI
;
電信工程研究所
;
Institute of Communications Engineering
The study presents a formulation of a Hadamard framework for analysing the vector quantisation over channels with memory. In seeking faster response, classes of index assignments are defined in terms of the Hadamard transform of channel transition probabilities. An index assignment algorithm is developed that achieves high robustness against channel errors, and its performance in vector quantisation of Gauss-Markov sources under noisy channel conditions is illustrated.
A robust fine granularity scalability using trellis-based predictive leak
(2002-06-01)
Huang, HC
;
Wang, CN
;
Chiang, TH
;
資訊科學與工程研究所
;
電子工程學系及電子研究所
Recently, the MPEG-4 committee has approved the MPEG-4 fine granularity scalability (FGS) profile as a streaming video tool. In this paper, we propose novel techniques to further improve the temporal prediction at the enhancement layer so that coding efficiency is superior to the existing FGS. Our approach utilizes two parameters, the number of bitplanes beta (0 less than or equal to beta less than or equal to maximal number of bitplanes) and the amount of predictive leak alpha (0 less than or equal to alpha less than or equal to 1), to control the construction of the reference frame at the enhancement layer. These parameters alpha and beta can be selected for each frame to provide tradeoffs between coding efficiency and error drift. Our approach offers a general and flexible framework that allows further optimization. It also includes several well-known motion-compensated FGS techniques as special cases with particular sets of alpha and beta. We analyze the theoretical advantages when parameters alpha and beta are used, and provide an adaptive technique to select alpha and beta, which yields an improved performance as compared to that of fixed parameters. An identical technique is applied to the base layer for further improvement. Our experimental results show over 4 dB improvements in coding efficiency using the MPEG-4 testing conditions. The removal of error propagation is demonstrated with several typical channel transmission scenarios.
Analysis of buffer requirement for ATM-LSRs with partial VC-merging capability
(2002-06-01)
Lin, PC
;
Chang, CJ
;
電信工程研究所
;
Institute of Communications Engineering
In an Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) network domain, Asynchronous Transfer Mode-Label Switch Routers (ATM-LSRs) are considered the best candidate for providing the highest forwarding capability. ATM-LSRs implement a VC-merging scheme that allows many IP routes to be mapped into the same VPI/VCI label, hence supporting scalability. The VC-merging requires reassembly buffers to reconstruct an original packet from its segmented but interleaved AAL-5 cells. In this paper, we analyze the performance of an ATM-LSR with partial VC-merging capability and investigate the impact of VC-merging on the requirement of the reassembly and output buffer. The numerical computation complexity of the mathematical analysis can be reduced from O(M-4) to O(M-2), where M is the total number of ON-OFF sources. We also propose a closed-form equation, which approximates the distribution of the output buffer with satisfactory accuracy. Numerical results show that when incoming cells are severely interleaved, the VC-merging needs the reassembly buffer size to be of the same order as the output buffer size, which cannot be ignored.
Stacked-NMOS triggered silicon-controlled rectifier for ESD protection in high/low-voltage-tolerant I/O interface
(2002-06-01)
Ker, MD
;
Chuang, CH
;
電機學院
;
College of Electrical and Computer Engineering
A stacked-NMOS triggered silicon-controlled rectifier (SNTSCR) is proposed as the electrostatic discharge (ESD) clamp device to protect the mixed-voltage I/O buffers of CMOS ICs. This SNTSCR device is fully compatible to general CMOS processes without using the thick gate oxide to overcome the gate-oxide reliability issue. ESD robustness of the proposed SNTSCR device with different layout parameters has been investigated in a 0.35-mum CMOS process. The HBM ESD level of the mixed-voltage I/O buffer with the stacked-NMOS channel width of 120 mum can be obviously improved from the original similar to2 kV to be greater than 8 kV by this SNTSCR device with a device dimension of only 60 mum/0.35 mum.
Microwave penetration depth measurement for high T-c superconductors by dielectric resonators
(2002-06-01)
Lue, HT
;
Lue, JT
;
Tseng, TY
;
電子工程學系及電子研究所
;
Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronics
The penetration depth A(T) dependence on temperatures for high T. superconducting YBa2Cu3O7-delta thin films stored in various environments was measured by a well-designed microwave dielectric resonator. A d-wave T-2 dependence was observed at low temperatures, while an exponential dependence of the penetration depth lambda(T) relevant to the s wave was detected as temperature increases due to thermal fluctuation. An abnormal upturn of the penetration depth at temperatures below 10 K attributed to the surface current carried by the defect surface-induced Andreev bound states can be apparently observed without applying heavy-ion bombardment from this relatively higher frequency measurement. Readers who endeavor to start this kind of measurement can use the well-modified dielectric cavity in conjunction with the detailed measuring procedure.
Influence of impaction plate diameter and particle density on the collection efficiency of round-nozzle inertial impactors
(2002-06-01)
Huang, CH
;
Tsai, CJ
;
環境工程研究所
;
Institute of Environmental Engineering
This study has investigated the influence of impaction plate diameter (Dc) and particle density on the particle collection efficiency of single round-nozzle inertial impactors numerically assuming incompressible flow. The study shows that computed rootSt(50) values range from 0.473 to 0.485, which are nearly independent of W/Dc (W is the nozzle diameter) for the nozzle Reynolds number, Re > 1500, and when W/Dc < 0.32. &RADIC;St(50) values agree quite well with the theoretical values of Rader and Marple (1985), 0.49, and Marple and Liu (1974), 0.477. For a smaller impactor plate diameter such that W/Dc > 0.32, rootSt(50) will increase slightly. It increases from 0.483 to 0.507 (Re = 3000) or from 0.479 to 0.495 (Re = 1500) when W/Dc is increased from 0.32 to 0.48. When the nozzle Reynolds number is smaller than 1500, the influence of W/Dc on rootSt(50) is found to be much more pronounced. The effect of particle density on the collection efficiency has also been investigated. When particle gravity is included, the results show that rootSt(50) is not affected by particle density ranging from 0.5 to 10 g/cm(3), although the particle collection efficiency increases slightly with increasing particle density at high ends of the collection efficiency curves at high nozzle Reynolds number due to an ultra-Stokesian effect. The particle interception effect does not affect the collection efficiency curves at high Reynolds numbers at all, and the effect is negligibly small at low Reynolds numbers.
Azimuth alignment in photoelastic modulation ellipsometry at a fixed incident angle
(2002-06-01)
Wang, MW
;
Chao, YF
;
光電工程學系
;
Department of Photonics
A high intensity ratio technique is proposed to align all the azimuthal angles of a photoelastic modulation ellipsometric system in a fixed incident angle. This technique is used to determine the azimuthal orientations of the polarizer, the photoelastic modulator and the analyzer to the incident plane, Two pre-designed testing samples and two probing wavelengths for a thin film are introduced to locate the incident plane by the intensity ratio technique in a polarizer-sample-analyzer ellipsometric setup. Then, the azimuth of the pholoelastic modulator is directly obtained from two DC radiances separated by 45degrees. In addition to azimuth deviation, the ellipsometric parameter psi can also be determined from the same measurement for determining the incident angle on-line.
Application of field-induced source/drain Schottky metal-oxide-semiconductor to fin-like body field-effect transistor
(2002-06-01)
Lin, HC
;
Wang, MF
;
Hou, FJ
;
Liu, JT
;
Huang, TY
A novel Schottky barrier silicon-on-insulator (SOI) metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) device was proposed and demonstrated, The new device features a silicide source/drain and field-induced source/drain (S/D) extensions. Excellent ambipolar performance with a near-ideal sub-threshold slope (similar to 60 mV/decade) and high on-/off-state current ratio (comparable to or higher than 10(9)) is realized, for the first time, on a single device. These encouraging results suggest that the new device may be suitable for some niche applications requiring simple and low-temperature processing of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS)-like devices.
Development of the sales locus of control scale
(2002-06-01)
Chung, YY
;
Ding, CG
;
交大名義發表
;
National Chiao Tung University
The sales locus of control scale (SLCS), composed of 12 items, was developed to measure the constructs of internal, chance and powerful others. A total of 1153 Taiwan insurance and industrial salespeople were used for development and evaluation of the scale. Construct validity, validities related to 29 criteria and reliabilities were all evaluated. Results indicated that reliabilities, the construct validity and most criterion-related validities are supported. Results also indicated that the criterion validities of the SLCS are generally better than those of locus of control scales developed by Rotter, Levenson and Spector. Moreover, situation-specific and multidimensional SLCS contains fewer items, and its validity is less attenuated by social desirability. The usefulness of the scale is also discussed.
Thin oxides grown on disilane-based polysilicon
(2002-06-01)
Lee, JW
;
Lei, TF
;
Lee, CL
;
電子工程學系及電子研究所
;
Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronics
This report describes the thin oxide (<10 nm) thermally grown on polysilicon film, which was prepared by disilane (Si2H6) chemical vapor deposition. In comparison with the thin oxide grown on conventional silane (SiH4) polysilicon film, the prepared oxides have lower leakage current,;. a lower electron trapping rate and a larger charge to breakdown distribution. These good properties are attributed to the smooth surface of the disilane poly-I film. This film is suitable for use as the interpoly oxide of electrically-erasable programmable read only memory.
Bayesian prediction analysis for growth curve model using noninformative priors
(2002-06-01)
Shieh, G
;
Lee, JC
;
統計學研究所
;
管理科學系
;
Institute of Statistics
We apply a Bayesian approach to the problem of prediction in an unbalanced growth curve model using noninformative priors. Due to the complexity of the model, no analytic forms of the predictive densities are available. We propose both approximations and a prediction-oriented Metropolis-Hastings sampling algorithm for two types of prediction, namely the prediction of future observations for a new subject and the prediction of future values for a partially observed subject. They are illustrated and compared through real data and simulation studies. Two of the approximations compare favorably with the approximation in Fearn (1975, Biometrika, 62, 89-100) and are very comparable to the more accurate Rao-Blackwellization from Metropolis-Hastings sampling algorithm.
Existence of strong solutions to some quasilinear elliptic problems on bounded smooth domains
(2002-06-01)
Kuo, TH
;
Chen, YJ
;
應用數學系
;
Department of Applied Mathematics
We consider the following quasilinear elliptic problems in a bounded smooth domain Z of R-N, N greater than or equal to 3: Lu = Sigma(i,j=1)(N) a(ij)(x,u) delta(2)u/deltax(i)deltax(j) + Sigma(i=1)(N)b(i)(x,u)deltau/deltax(i) + c(x, u)u = f (x) in Z, u = 0 on deltaZ, where f (x) is an element of L-p(Z) and all the coefficients a(ij), b(i), c are Carathedory functions. Suppose that a(ij) is an element of C-0,C-1((Z) over bar x R), a(ij), deltaa(ij)/deltax(i), deltaa(ij)/deltar, b(i), c is an element of L-infinity(Z x R), c less than or equal to 0 for i, j = 1,...N and the oscillations of a(ij) = a(ij)(x,r) with respect to r are sufficiently small. A global estimate for a solution u is an element ofW(2,p)(Z) boolean AND W-0(1,p)(Z) is established and the existence of a strong solution u is an element of W-2,W-p(Z) boolean AND W-0(1,p)(Z) is proved for p > N. Furthermore, we replace f(x) by f(x,r,xi) which is defined on Z x R x R-N and is a Carathedory function. Assume that [f(x, r, xi)] less than or equal to C-0 + h([r])[xi]theta, 0 less than or equal to theta < 2, where C-0 is a nonnegative constant, h([r]) is a locally bounded function, and -c greater than or equal to alpha(0) > 0 for some constant alpha(0). We prove the existence of solution u is an element of W-2,W-p(Z) boolean AND W-0(1,p)(Z) for the equation Lu = f (x, u, delu).