Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2018-01-05"

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交大e-News第247期-城市新地標！交通大學「交大甲子•梅竹50」歲末光雕點燈
(2018-01-05)
國立交通大學秘書室
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Secretariat
The prevalence and association of chronic kidney disease and diabetes in liver cirrhosis using different estimated glomerular filtration rate equation
(2018-01-05)
Chen, Cheng-Yi
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Lin, Cheng-Jui
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Lin, Chih-Sheng
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Sun, Fang-Ju
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Pan, Chi-Feng
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cirrhosis is one of the dreaded complications associated with a steep rise in mortality and morbidity, including diabetes. There are limited data on the prevalence of CKD and the association with diabetes in outpatients with cirrhosis. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study of 7,440 adult liver cirrhosis patients enrolled from August 2001 to April 2010 in a medical center. Case control matching by age and sex with 1,967 pairs, and conditional logistic regression for odds of diabetes was analyzed using adjusted model. Results: CKD was present in 46.0%, 45.7% and 45.6% of the study population using the MDRD-6, CKD-EPI and MDRD-4 estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equations, respectively. Using a conditional logistic regression model after adjusting for other risk factors, odds for diabetes increased significantly compared with non-CKD in CKD stage 3 to 5 (stage 3 similar to 5) based on MDRD-6-adjusted model, ORs were: stage 3 similar to 5, 2.34 (95% CI, 1.78-3.01); MDRD-4-adjusted model, ORs were: stage 3 similar to 5, 8.51 (95% CI, 5.63-11.4); CKD-EPI-adjusted model, ORs were: stage 3 similar to 5, 8.61 (95% CI, 5.13-13.9). Conclusion: In cirrhosis patients, prevalence of diabetes was higher in patients with advanced stage of CKD. For patients with cirrhosis, patients with CKD stages 3 similar to 5 defined by MDRD-4, MDRD-6, and CKD-EPI eGFR equations had increased risk for diabetes. More severe cirrhosis, indicated by the Child-Turcott-Pugh classification was also accompanied by an increased risk for diabetes.
Heat transfer of impinging jet arrays onto half-smooth, half-rough target surfaces
(2018-01-05)
Lo, Yuan-Hsiang
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Liu, Yao-Hsien
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機械工程學系
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Department of Mechanical Engineering
Detailed heat transfer distributions from arrays of impinging jets on a half-smooth, half-rough target surface were experimentally investigated using a transient liquid crystal technique. The target surface was roughened through the creation of rectangular grooves aligned with the jet holes. The grooved regions were designed either parallel (longitudinal grooves) or orthogonal (transverse grooves) to the exit flow direction. let-to-jet spacing and jet-to-surface spacing (Z/d) were 4 and 3, respectively. In this experimental test, the effect of crossflow was investigated for three exit flow directions, each with a jet Reynolds number ranging from 2500 to 7700. Heat transfer was enhanced near the edge of grooves, whereas the heat transfer was degraded inside grooves. For the half-smooth, half-rough surface, the sudden change in surface geometry broke the flow development and caused intensified flow mixing in the impingement flow channel. Compared with traditional fully roughened surfaces, the half-rough surface is more effective for heat transfer, and an enhancement of more than 50% was achieved for the longitudinal grooves. The idea of partially roughened surfaces may be further extended to the other internal flow channels with different roughness elements. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Theoretical and experimental investigation of position-controlled semi-active friction damper for seismic structures
(2018-01-06)
Lu, Lyan-Ywan
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Lin, Tzu-Kang
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Jheng, Rong-Jie
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Wu, Hsin-Hsien
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土木工程學系
A semi-active friction damper (SAFD) can be employed for the seismic protection of structural systems. The effectiveness of an SAFD in absorbing seismic energy is usually superior to that of its passive counterpart, since its slip force can be altered in real time according to structural response and excitation. Most existing SAFDs are controlled by adjusting the clamping force applied on the friction interface. Thus, the implementation of SAFDs in practice requires precision control of the clamping force, which is usually substantially larger than the slip force. This may increase the implementation complexity and cost of SAFDs. To avoid this problem, this study proposes a novel position-controlled SAFD, named the leverage-type controllable friction damper (LCFD). The LCFD system combines a traditional passive friction damper and a leverage mechanism with a movable central pivot. By simply controlling the pivot position, the damping force generated by the LCFD system can be adjusted in real time. In order to verify the feasibility of the proposed SAFD, a prototype LCFD was tested by using a shaking table. The test results demonstrate that the equivalent friction force and hysteresis loop of the LCFD can be regulated by controlling the pivot position. By considering 16 ground motions with two different intensities, the adaptive feature of the LCFD for seismic structural control is further demonstrated numerically. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Novel conjugated polymers based on bis-dithieno [3,2-b;2 ',3 '-d] pyrrole vinylene donor and diketopyrrolopyrrole acceptor: side chain engineering in organic field effect transistors
(2018-01-07)
Lin, Fang-Ju
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Lin, Song-Di
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Chin, Chih-Hao
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Chuang, Wei-Tsung
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Hsu, Chain-Shu
Two new donor-acceptor conjugated polymers, i.e. PB(C12DTP) V-DTDPP-C-12 and PB(C12DTP) V-DTDPP-C12C8, were prepared by the Stille coupling of (E)-1,2-bis(4-dodecyl-6-(trimethylstannyl)-4H-dithieno[ 3,2-b: 2', 3'-d] pyrrol-2-yl) ethene (Sn-B(C12DTP)V) with 3,6-bis(5-bromothiophen-2-yl)-2,5-didodecylpyrrolo[ 3,4-c] pyrrole-1,4-dione (Br-DTDPP-C-12) and 3,6-bis(5-bromo-thiophen-2-yl)-2,5-bis(2octyldodecyl) pyrrolo[ 3,4-c] pyrrole-1,4-dione (Br-DTDPP-C8C12), respectively. The molecular weight and thermal properties of the obtained polymers were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG). Their optical and electrochemical properties were analyzed by UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The morphological and molecular-packing features of the polymers were characterized by optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM), UV polarization spectroscopy and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) to determine the relationship between the structural morphology and the performance. PB (C12DTP) V-DTDPP-C12C8 with branched C12C8 side chains on DPP units shows much higher hole mobility (1.2 cm(2) V-1 s(-1)) than 0.69 cm(2) V-1 s(-1) of PB(C12DTP) V-DTDPP-C-12.
The reactivity of the Criegee intermediate CH3CHOO with water probed by FTMW spectroscopy
(2018-01-07)
Cabezas, Carlos
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Endo, Yasuki
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應用化學系
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Department of Applied Chemistry
The reaction of Criegee intermediates with water is one of the dominant removal mechanisms for these species in the atmosphere. The reactivity of alkyl substituted Criegee intermediates has been shown to be affected by the nature and location of the substituents. CH3CHOO, acetaldehyde oxide, can be considered as a prototypical Criegee intermediate with a single alkyl substituent to examine the conformer specific reactivity for Criegee intermediates. Pulsed Fourier-transform microwave spectroscopy has been used to probe the products resulting from the reaction between CH3CHOO and water. The hydrogen-bonded complex between CH3CHOO and water together with the reaction product, hydroxyethyl hydroperoxide, were observed in the discharged plasma of a CH3CHI2/O-2/water gas mixture. The experimentally determined rotational parameters support the identification of the complex between water and the syn-CH3CHOO conformer and two conformers of hydroxyethyl hydroperoxide, produced from the anti-CH3CHOO conformer and water. Published by AIP Publishing.
Microwave-annealing-induced nanowetting of block copolymers in cylindrical nanopores
(2018-01-07)
Chang, Chun-Wei
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Cheng, Ming-Hsiang
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Ko, Hao-Wen
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Chu, Chien-Wei
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Tu, Yi-Hsuan
Block copolymers have attracted great attention because of their abilities to self-assemble into well-ordered microphase-separated structures. To generate nanopatterns of block copolymers with long-range ordering and low-defect densities in shorter time scales, microwave annealing has recently been applied. Microwave annealing, however, has so far only been used for block copolymer bulks and thin films. In this work, we discover that microwave annealing can be successfully applied to three-dimensional block copolymer nanostructures by studying the infiltration and microphase separation of block copolymers in cylindrical nanopores upon microwave irradiation. Cylinder-forming and lamella-forming poly(styrene-block-dimethylsiloxane) (PS-b-PDMS) are introduced into the nanopores of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. In addition, AAO templates with different pore sizes are used to study the effect of the commensurabilities between the pore diameters and the repeating periods of the block copolymers on the morphologies of the block copolymer nanostructures.
Wavelength tuning of surface plasmon coupled quantum well infrared photodetectors
(2018-01-08)
Hsu, Wei-Cheng
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Ling, Hong-Shi
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Wang, Shiang-Yu
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Lee, Chien-Ping
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電機學院
A novel method of detection wavelength tuning for surface plasmon coupled quantum well infrared photodetectors (QWIPs) was demonstrated. By changing of the thickness of the top contact layer, the detection wavelength can be adjusted. The displacement of the detection wavelength is related to the effective dielectric constant of the dielectric layers in the device structure. The peak wavelength moves toward longer wavelength as the contact layer thickness decreases. With a proper match of the 2D metal hole array and the QW absorption region, the responsivity can be kept within a reasonable range for samples with different top contact layer thicknesses. (c) 2018 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement
An agent-based workflow scheduling mechanism with deadline constraint on hybrid cloud environment
(2018-01-10)
Chang, Yue-Shan
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Fan, Chih-Tien
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Sheu, Ruey-Kai
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Jhu, Syuan-Ru
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Yuan, Shyan-Ming
With the advances of cloud computing, business and scientific-oriented jobs with certain workflows are increasingly migrated to and run on a variety of cloud environments. These jobs are often with the property of deadline constraint and have to be completed within limited time. Therefore, to schedule a job with workflow (short for workflow) with deadline constraint is increasingly becoming a crucial research issue. In this paper, we, based on previous work, propose an agent-based workflow scheduling mechanism to schedule workflows that are with deadline constraint into federated cloud environment. Design and MethodsWe add a workflow agent into the original framework to schedule the deadline-constraint workflow. The workflow agent can smoothly schedule workflows to the cloud system according to their required resource and automatically monitor their execution. In order to accurately predict the execution time of each task to meet deadline constraint on certain VM with given resource, we inherit the use of rough set theory to estimate execution time of task in our previous work. Result and DiscussionA heuristic algorithm that is embedded into the workflow agent is also proposed because the problem had been shown to be NP-complete. The mechanism also adopts dynamic job dispatching method to reduce the usage of VM and to improve the resource utilization. We also conducted experiments to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness. ConclusionThe experimental results show that the prediction time is very close to the real execution time and can efficiently schedule multiple scientific workflows to meet the deadline constraints simultaneously.
N-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots-Decorated V2O5 Nanosheet for Fluorescence Turn Off-On Detection of Cysteine
(2018-01-10)
Ganganboina, Akhilesh Babu
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Chowdhury, Ankan Dutta
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Doong, Ruey-An
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環境工程研究所
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Institute of Environmental Engineering
The development of a fast-response sensing technique for detection of cysteine can provide an analytical platform for prescreening of disease. Herein, we have developed a fluorescence turn off-on fluorescence sensing platform by combining nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs) with V2O5 nanosheets for the sensitive and selective detection of cysteine in human serum samples. V2O5 nanosheets with 2-4 layers are successfully synthesized via a simple and scalable liquid exfoliation method and then deposited with 2-8 nm of N-GQDs as the fluorescence turn off-on nanoprobe for effective detection of cysteine in human serum samples. The V2O5 nanosheets serve as both fluorescence quencher and cysteine recognizer in the sensing platform. The fluorescence intensity of N-GQDs with quantum yield of 0.34 can be quenched after attachment onto V2O5 nanosheets. The addition of cysteine triggers the reduction of V2O5 to V4+ as well as the release of N-GQDs within 4 min, resulting in the recovery of fluorescence intensity for the turn off-on detection of cysteine. The sensing platform exhibits a two-stage linear response to cysteine in the concentration range of 0.1-15 and 15-125 mu M at pH 6.5, and the limit of detection is 50 nM. The fluorescence response of N-GQD@V2O5 exhibits high selectivity toward cysteine over other 22 electrolytes and biomolecules. Moreover, this promising platform is successfully applied in detection of cysteine in human serum samples with excellent recovery of (95 +/- 3.8) - (108 +/- 2.4)%. These results clearly demonstrate a newly developed redox reaction-based nanosensing platform using N-GQD@V2O5 nanocomposites as the sensing probe for cysteine-associated disease monitoring and diagnosis in biomedical applications, which can open an avenue for the development of high performance and robust sensing probes to detect organic metabolites.
A Collective Study on Modeling and Simulation of Resistive Random Access Memory
(2018-01-10)
Panda, Debashis
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Sahu, Paritosh Piyush
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Tseng, Tseung Yuen
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電子工程學系及電子研究所
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Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronics
In this work, we provide a comprehensive discussion on the various models proposed for the design and description of resistive random access memory (RRAM), being a nascent technology is heavily reliant on accurate models to develop efficient working designs and standardize its implementation across devices. This review provides detailed information regarding the various physical methodologies considered for developing models for RRAM devices. It covers all the important models reported till now and elucidates their features and limitations. Various additional effects and anomalies arising from memristive system have been addressed, and the solutions provided by the models to these problems have been shown as well. All the fundamental concepts of RRAM model development such as device operation, switching dynamics, and current-voltage relationships are covered in detail in this work. Popular models proposed by Chua, HP Labs, Yakopcic, TEAM, Stanford/ASU, Ielmini, Berco-Tseng, and many others have been compared and analyzed extensively on various parameters. The working and implementations of the window functions like Joglekar, Biolek, Prodromakis, etc. has been presented and compared as well. New well-defined modeling concepts have been discussed which increase the applicability and accuracy of the models. The use of these concepts brings forth several improvements in the existing models, which have been enumerated in this work. Following the template presented, highly accurate models would be developed which will vastly help future model developers and the modeling community.
茶壽達人劉玉英　一路上默默耕耘
(國立交通大學傳播與科技學系, 2018-01-11)
姚璇
苗栗縣獅潭鄉汶水老街上，劉玉英經營著全台唯一的茶壽專賣店。她是位專業的茶壽編織師，同時也是茶壽手工藝唯一的繼承人。茶壽是早期客家人拿來保溫飯菜、茶水的容器，現今則多用來送禮和擺飾，是獅潭重要的手工藝品。
青農謝盛有　以多元方式深耕獅潭
(國立交通大學傳播與科技學系, 2018-01-11)
許家芸
向陽坪農場負責人謝盛有，從園藝專科班畢業後，謝盛有選擇留在家鄉，繼續從事農業相關工作，現為產銷班的班長，在嚴重人口外移加老化的獅潭，他成為了當地農人中少數的青農。
比在地人更在地　獅潭生態達人李業興
(國立交通大學傳播與科技學系, 2018-01-11)
馮杰琳
生態達人李業興是苗栗市人，2000年進入獅潭，因緣際會下在當地買了一塊550坪的土地。十年後，李業興在那片土地上建造了藍色小屋，展開了他在獅潭鄉自然、人文和生態環境教育的工作。
苗栗縣自然生態保育科　整合救援流程
(國立交通大學傳播與科技學系, 2018-01-11)
郭宜婷
苗栗縣農業處於2015年7月1日成立自然生態保育科，參與野生動物救傷、收容、棄養及野放等工作，整合原本繁冗的處理流程，使當地野生石虎、貓頭鷹、鼬獾等保育工作更有效率。苗栗縣政府並進一步於2016年建造生態保育暨教育中心，提供專業野生動物照護及教育宣導專區，期望全民共同參與苗栗在地生態的保育行動。
林玉燕　為咖啡夢不斷嘗試改變
(國立交通大學傳播與科技學系, 2018-01-11)
程安瑜
「巧克力休閒小站」於2017年開幕，延續了老闆在明德水庫開設的咖啡車「水頭咖啡」的味道，在經營了三、四年之後，他們想要有一個穩定的方式去完成這個咖啡夢想，他們便決定回到故鄉獅潭，是獅潭唯一的手搖杯飲料店。
返鄉青年邱政光　推動芽菜農場轉型
(國立交通大學傳播與科技學系, 2018-01-11)
翁邦晏
邱政光是百壽芽菜有機農場的負責人，在2016年11月從外地回到家鄉接手農場。邱政光是獅潭鄉土生土長的客家人，從小便跟著爸爸種植芽菜的他，對他來說，農場的作業與其說是工作，不如說是一種生活，顧慮到父親要退休，想讓爸爸的芽菜王國維持下去，邱政光放下自己在餐飲店的工作，回到獅潭鄉與姐姐一同經營農場。
農會與農民－互利共生的牽連
(國立交通大學傳播與科技學系, 2018-01-11)
許庭瑄
臺灣的農會以保障農民權益為宗旨，是政府與農民溝通的重要媒介。依照區域有效地權責分配，農會共分為三個層級：全國農會、縣（市）農會及直轄市農會，以及鄉（鎮、市、區）農會。依據2016年統計資料，臺灣各級農會合計302個。
「123的家」　李欽祥一生打造的獅潭後花園
(國立交通大學傳播與科技學系, 2018-01-11)
許庭瑄
民國23年在獅潭鄉出生的李欽祥，從小家庭便以務農維生，藉著與農會的合作契約，種植了洋菇、木耳、茶葉等經濟作物，在每次栽種過程中，不斷的學習如何與作物相處、與環境共存，也越來越明確自己想發揚故鄉這塊土地的想法。民國81年，李欽祥便向農會爭取到觀光協會的補助，開始朝自己心目中經營的農場前進，「123的家」便因此誕生。
貓頭鷹的守護者　劉敏瑾與范木椿
(國立交通大學傳播與科技學系, 2018-01-11)
郭宜婷
隨著青農返鄉，草莓農大量增加，導致誤觸鳥網而受傷的貓頭鷹與日俱增，缺乏正確觀念，老農民常將受傷的貓頭鷹隨地丟棄，最終被野貓野狗亂咬致死，加上桃竹苗地區一直沒有貓頭鷹臨時收容中心，使貓頭鷹死傷愈發嚴重。不捨自己從小就相當喜愛的貓頭鷹數量越來越少，劉敏瑾決心加入保護貓頭鷹的行列，她的先生范木春也相當支持她的決定。倆人平日在公部門工作，假日有空時便規劃著劉敏瑾父親留下來大約4公頃左右的土地，並於2003年成立以貓頭鷹為主題的生態教育園區—「咕嚕嚕博士貓頭鷹之家」。