學術出版;;Publications

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Machine Learning-Based Energy-Spectrum Two-Dimensional Cognition in Energy Harvesting CRNs
(2020-01-01)
Fan, Yongjian
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Xu, Wenjun
;
Lee, Chia-Han
;
Wu, Silei
;
Yang, Fan
Energy harvesting cognitive radio network (EH-CRN) is a promising approach to address the shortage of spectrum resources and the increase of energy consumption simultaneously in wireless networks. In this article, we propose a novel machine learning (ML)-based energy-spectrum two-dimensional (2D) cognition technology to improve the sensing accuracy as well as the network throughput in EH-CRNs, which consists of sensing, prediction and decision modules. More specifically, we first study the 2D sensing module which is achieved by a carefully constructed dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) to effectively exploit the coupling between spectrum usage and energy harvesting in EH-CRNs. Then we propose a deep neural network (DNN) based 2D transmission decision module to optimize the transmission energy of secondary users (SUs). With our proposed novel 2D cognition scheme, SUs can characterize the energy-spectrum correlation and transmit data with optimal transmission energy. The proposed ML-based 2D cognition is evaluated via extensive simulations in terms of sensing accuracy, prediction accuracy, and network throughput, and simulation results indicate that our proposed scheme significantly outperforms the conventional one-dimensional (1D) cognition scheme working in spectrum or energy dimension only.
Machine learning with parallel neural networks for analyzing and forecasting electricity demand
(2020-08-01)
Chen, Yi-Ting
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Sun, Edward W.
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Lin, Yi-Bing
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資訊工程學系
;
Department of Computer Science
Traditional methods applied in electricity demand forecasting have been challenged by the course of dimensionality arisen with a growing number of distributed or decentralized energy systems are employing. Without manually operated data preprocessing, classic models are not well-calibrated for their robustness when dealing with the disruptive elements (e.g., demand changes in holidays and extreme weather). Based on the application of big data driven analytics, we propose a novel machine learning method originating from the parallel neural networks for robust monitoring and forecasting power demand to enhance supervisory control and data acquisition for new industrial tendency such as Industry 4.0 and Energy IoT. Through our approach, we generalize the implementation of machine learning by using classic feed-forward neural networks, for parallelization in order to let the proposed method achieve superior performance when dealing with high dimensionality and disruptiveness. With the high-frequency data of consumption in Australia from January 2009 to December 2015, the overall empirical results confirm that our proposed method performs significantly better for dynamic monitoring and forecasting of power demand comparing with the classic methods.
A 12-Lead ECG-Based System With Physiological Parameters and Machine Learning to Identify Right Ventricular Hypertrophy in Young Adults
(2020-01-01)
Lin, Gen-Min
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Lu, Henry Horng-Shing
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統計學研究所
;
Institute of Statistics
Objective: The presence of right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) accounts for approximately 5-10% in young adults. The sensitivity estimated by commonly used 12-lead electrocardiographic (ECG) criteria for identifying the presence of RVH is under 20% in the general population. The aim of this study is to develop a 12-lead ECG system with the related information of age, body height and body weight via machine learning to increase the sensitivity and the precision for detecting RVH. Method: In a sample of 1,701 males, aged 17-45 years, support vector machine is used for the training of 31 parameters including age, body height and body weight in addition to 28 ECG data such as axes, intervals and wave voltages as the inputs to link the output RVH. The RVH is defined on the echocardiographic finding for young males as right ventricular anterior wall thickness > 5.5 mm. Results: On the system goal for increasing sensitivity, the specificity is controlled around 70-75% and all data tested in the proposed method show competent sensitivity up to 70.3%. The values of area under curve of receiver operating characteristic curve and precision-recall curve using the proposed method are 0.780 and 0.285, respectively, which are better than 0.518 and 0.112 using the Sokolow-Lyon voltage criterion, respectively, for detecting unspecific RVH. Conclusion: We present a method using simple physiological parameters with ECG data to effectively identify more than 70% of the RVH among young adults. Clinical Impact: This system provides a fast, precise and feasible diagnosis tool to screen RVH.
Model-Based Synthetic Sampling for Imbalanced Data
(2020-08-01)
Liu, Chien-Liang
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Hsieh, Po-Yen
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工業工程與管理學系
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Department of Industrial Engineering and Management
Imbalanced data is characterized by the severe difference in observation frequency between classes and has received a lot of attention in data mining research. The prediction performances usually deteriorate as classifiers learn from imbalanced data, as most classifiers assume the class distribution is balanced or the costs for different types of classification errors are equal. Although several methods have been devised to deal with imbalance problems, it is still difficult to generalize those methods to achieve stable improvement in most cases. In this study, we propose a novel framework called model-based synthetic sampling (MBS) to cope with imbalance problems, in which we integrate modeling and sampling techniques to generate synthetic data. The key idea behind the proposed method is to use regression models to capture the relationship between features and to consider data diversity in the process of data generation. We conduct experiments on 13 datasets and compare the proposed method with 10 methods. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method is not only comparative but also stable. We also provide detailed investigations and visualizations of the proposed method to empirically demonstrate why it could generate good data samples.
Actor-Critic Deep Reinforcement Learning for Solving Job Shop Scheduling Problems
(2020-01-01)
Liu, Chien-Liang
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Chang, Chuan-Chin
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Tseng, Chun-Jan
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工業工程與管理學系
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Department of Industrial Engineering and Management
In the past decades, many optimization methods have been devised and applied to job shop scheduling problem (JSSP) to find the optimal solution. Many methods assumed that the scheduling results were applied to static environments, but the whole environments in the real world are always dynamic. Moreover, many unexpected events such as machine breakdowns and material problems may be present to adversely affect the initial job scheduling. This work views JSSP as a sequential decision making problem and proposes to use deep reinforcement learning to cope with this problem. The combination of deep learning and reinforcement learning avoids handcraft features as used in traditional reinforcement learning, and it is expected that the combination will make the whole learning phase more efficient. Our proposed model comprises actor network and critic network, both including convolution layers and fully connected layer. Actor network agent learns how to behave in different situations, while critic network helps agent evaluate the value of statement then return to actor network. This work proposes a parallel training method, combining asynchronous update as well as deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG), to train the model. The whole network is trained with parallel training on a multi-agent environment and different simple dispatching rules are considered as actions. We evaluate our proposed model on more than ten instances that are present in a famous benchmark problem library & x2013; OR library. The evaluation results indicate that our method is comparative in static JSSP benchmark problems, and achieves a good balance between makespan and execution time in dynamic environments. Scheduling score of our method is 91.12 & x0025; in static JSSP benchmark problems, and 80.78 & x0025; in dynamic environments.
A Reconfigurable 64-Dimension K-Means Clustering Accelerator With Adaptive Overflow Control
(2020-04-01)
Du, Li
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Du, Yuan
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Chang, Mau-Chung Frank
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交大名義發表
;
National Chiao Tung University
This brief presents a novel reconfigurable $K$ -means clustering accelerator that is suitable for integration in both IoT and data center system. The high vector dimension reconfigurability and design cost reduction is achieved through vector-streaming and adaptive overflow control to adapt distance computation using as-needed precision (dynamic 16-bit fixed-point data format). A two-stage shift-bit counted comparator is proposed. It can determine most results through only turning on the shift-bit comparator (3-bit), reducing the power consumption by $7\times $ compared to the direct full dynamic range comparison. Four vectors with two cluster centroids are processed simultaneously. Up to 8-dimension cluster vectors are stored in local buffer to reduce data exchange between the main memory and the processing engine. A prototype accelerator was implemented in TSMC 65 nm. The accelerator occupied 0.26 mm(2) and can support up to 64-D vector clustering. It achieved 31.2M query vectors/s with 41-mW power consumption at 250-MHz clock (cluster number: 2, vector dimension: 64) and an energy efficiency of 0.41 TOPS/W at 30 MHz clock.
Intelligent compilation of patent summaries using machine learning and natural language processing techniques
(2020-01-01)
Trappey, Amy J. C.
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Trappey, Charles V.
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Wu, Jheng-Long
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Wang, Jack W. C.
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管理科學系
Patents are a type of intellectual property with ownership and monopolistic rights that are publicly accessible published documents, often with illustrations, registered by governments and international organizations. The registration allows people familiar with the domain to understand how to re-create the new and useful invention but restricts the manufacturing unless the owner licenses or enters into a legal agreement to sell ownership of the patent. Patents reward the costly research and development efforts of inventors while spreading new knowledge and accelerating innovation. This research uses artificial intelligence natural language processing, deep learning techniques and machine learning algorithms to extract the essential knowledge of patent documents within a given domain as a means to evaluate their worth and technical advantage. Manual patent abstraction is a time consuming, labor intensive, and subjective process which becomes cost and outcome ineffective as the size of the patent knowledge domain increases. This research develops an intelligent patent summarization methodology using artificial intelligence machine learning approaches to allow patent domains of extremely large sizes to be effectively and objectively summarized, especially for cases where the cost and time requirements of manual summarization is infeasible. The system learns to automatically summarize patent documents with natural language texts for any given technical domain. The machine learning solution identifies technical key terminologies (words, phrases, and sentences) in the context of the semantic relationships among training patents and corresponding summaries as the core of the summarization system. To ensure the high performance of the proposed methodology, ROUGE metrics are used to evaluate precision, recall, accuracy, and consistency of knowledge generated by the summarization system. The Smart machinery technologies domain, under the sub-domains of control intelligence, sensor intelligence and intelligent decision-making provide the case studies for the patent summarization system training. The cases use 1708 training pairs of patents and summaries while testing uses 30 randomly selected patents. The case implementation and verification have shown the summary reports achieve 90% and 84% average precision and recall ratios respectively.
A Deep Learning-Based Strategy to the Energy Management-Advice for Time-of-Use Rate of Household Electricity Consumption
(2020-01-01)
Wu, Lu-Xian
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Lee, Shin-Jye
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科技管理研究所
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Institute of Management of Technology
With the high industrialization at a rapid pace, the demand for energy increases exponentially, but it is difficult to meet the balance of demand and supply. Therefore, how to effectively meet the balance of demand and supply intelligently has become a popular issue in this century. In recent years, Taiwan Power Company (Taipower), the biggest electric company in Taiwan, is committed to the construction of Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), which provides communication channels and enables demand-side users to participate in load dispatch. On the other hand, the construction of AMI is expected to generate a tremendous number of valuable data on electricity consumption, but it is not easy to convert these data into effective information by the conventional quantitative methods. In as much as the rapid progression of AI technology in the industrial field, the application of AI technology in the technology management has become an increasing issue as an interdisciplinary study. To address this task, this work applies the recurrent neural network based on deep learning to predict low-voltage usage shortly by the electricity information of low-voltage user and meteorological data. After many vicissitudes, the electricity consumption per hour can be predicted and a sound energy arrangement can be therefore planned. Through introducing the proposed model, Taipower Company will have an effective capability that schedules power, reduces unnecessary backup power, and provides time-consuming electricity prices for industrial enterprises accurately among high usage of Taiwan industries.
Implementing AI as Cyber IoT Devices: The House Valuation Example
(2020-04-01)
Lin, Yun-Wei
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Lin, Yi-Bing
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Liu, Chun-You
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Lin, Jiun-Yi
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Shih, Yu-Lin
Internet of Things (IoT) has been widely utilized with artificial intelligence (AI). However, it requires substantial effort to integrate AI and big data with IoT. To mitigate this problem, AItalk was proposed. By treating AI as a cyber IoT device, we do not need to write code of the AI mechanism in the network applications, as traditional AI-based IoT applications did. This article describes how the AI tools such as scikit-learn and TensorLayer are accommodated as cyber IoT devices in AItalk, and extends AItalk for non-IoT applications. We use house valuation as an example to show how AItalk can flexibly include the factors that have significant impact on the house price. We show that by adding extra features other than housing profile features, the accuracy for the prediction (valuation) can be improved by 38 & x0025;. We also investigated the communication overhead of the distributed AItalk structure, which is 3.7 & x0025; for the computation of one house price valuation.
Machine Learning Based Automatic Diagnosis in Mobile Communication Networks
(2019-10-01)
Chen, Kuo-Ming
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Chang, Tsung-Hui
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Wang, Kai-Cheng
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Lee, Ta-Sung
;
交大名義發表
The self-healing function in self-organizing networks can not only detect the presence of fault conditions but also diagnose the root causes in a fully autonomous fashion. In this paper, we propose a machine learning based diagnosis algorithm that uses network condition indicators such as key performance indicators and performance management counters for network condition diagnosis. The proposed algorithm judiciously combines the classical supervised softmax neural network (SNN) and support vector machine (SVM), and therefore can be efficiently implemented by off-the-shelf tools while achieving promising diagnosis performance. In particular, the proposed algorithm combines the features extracted from SNN and SVM, and is able to robustly diagnose fault conditions with different levels of severity. Besides, the proposed algorithm can also handle complex scenarios where there is more than one fault condition present at the same time. Considering that data with labels of multiple faults are not available in general, we further propose a simple retraining procedure which allows the proposed algorithm to perform multi-fault diagnosis even when the training data are only single labeled. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms provide desired diagnosis performance in both single-fault and multi-fault scenarios and outperform the traditional scoring based methods.

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