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  • Item type:Item,
    Illumination Effect on Bipolar Switching Properties of Gd:SiO2 RRAM Devices Using Transparent Indium Tin Oxide Electrode
    (2016-04-27)
    Chen, Kai-Huang
    ;
    Chang, Kuan-Chang
    ;
    Chang, Ting-Chang
    ;
    Tsai, Tsung-Ming
    ;
    Liang, Shu-Ping
    To discuss the optoelectronic effect on resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices, the bipolar switching properties and electron-hole pair generation behavior in the transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode of Gd:SiO2 thin films under the ultraviolet (lambda = 400 nm) and red-light (lambda = 770 nm) illumination for high resistance state (HRS)/low resistance state (LRS) was observed and investigated. In dark environment, the Gd:SiO2 RRAM devices exhibited the ohmic conduction mechanism for LRS, exhibited the Schottky emission conduction and Poole-Frankel conduction mechanism for HRS. For light illumination effect, the operation current of the Gd:SiO2 RRAM devices for HRS/LRS was slightly increased. Finally, the electron-hole pair transport mechanism, switching conduction diagram, and energy band of the RRAM devices will be clearly demonstrated and explained.
  • Item type:Item,
    Status and Prospects of ZnO-Based Resistive Switching Memory Devices
    (2016-08-19)
    Simanjuntak, Firman Mangasa
    ;
    Panda, Debashis
    ;
    Wei, Kung-Hwa
    ;
    Tseng, Tseung-Yuen
    ;
    材料科學與工程學系
    In the advancement of the semiconductor device technology, ZnO could be a prospective alternative than the other metal oxides for its versatility and huge applications in different aspects. In this review, a thorough overview on ZnO for the application of resistive switching memory (RRAM) devices has been conducted. Various efforts that have been made to investigate and modulate the switching characteristics of ZnO-based switching memory devices are discussed. The use of ZnO layer in different structure, the different types of filament formation, and the different types of switching including complementary switching are reported. By considering the huge interest of transparent devices, this review gives the concrete overview of the present status and prospects of transparent RRAM devices based on ZnO. ZnO-based RRAM can be used for flexible memory devices, which is also covered here. Another challenge in ZnO-based RRAM is that the realization of ultra-thin and low power devices. Nevertheless, ZnO not only offers decent memory properties but also has a unique potential to be used as multifunctional nonvolatile memory devices. The impact of electrode materials, metal doping, stack structures, transparency, and flexibility on resistive switching properties and switching parameters of ZnO-based resistive switching memory devices are briefly compared. This review also covers the different nanostructured-based emerging resistive switching memory devices for low power scalable devices. It may give a valuable insight on developing ZnO-based RRAM and also should encourage researchers to overcome the challenges.
  • Item type:Item,
    Improvement of Resistive Switching Uniformity for Al-Zn-Sn-O-Based Memory Device With Inserting HfO2 Layer
    (2014-12-01)
    Liu, Po-Tsun
    ;
    Fan, Yang-Shun
    ;
    Chen, Chun-Ching
    ;
    光電工程學系
    ;
    Department of Photonics
    This letter demonstrates the characteristics of a resistive switching memory [resistive random access memory (RRAM)] device with a bilayer structure of aluminum-zinc-tin-oxide (AZTO) and HfO2-film layers. As for the RRAM operation, the formation and rupture processes of the conductive filaments can be confined in the HfO2 layer with low-concentration oxygen vacancy. The resistive switching stability and electrical uniformity of bilayer AZTO/HfO2 RRAM device are obviously enhanced as compared with the one only with a single layer of AZTO film. In addition, a physical mechanism for uniformity improvement is proposed by the localized conduction of conducting filaments.
  • Item type:Item,
    Influence of Oxygen Concentration on Self-Compliance RRAM in Indium Oxide Film
    (2014-09-01)
    Yang, Jyun-Bao
    ;
    Chang, Ting-Chang
    ;
    Huang, Jheng-Jie
    ;
    Chen, Yu-Ting
    ;
    Tseng, Hsueh-Chih
    This letter investigates various oxygen concentrations in indium oxide films which induce different resistance switching behaviors, including two self-compliance behaviors and a two-step set process. The accumulated oxygen ions produce an oxygen-rich indium oxide film, which can be considered as a variable series resistor after the forming process. Analyses indicate that the lower self-compliance current can be attributed to this larger variable series resistor from the additional oxygen ions. The more significant oxidation reaction decreases the current of the high resistance state. Hence, power consumption can be reduced effectively.
  • Item type:Item,
    Characterization of Oxygen Accumulation in Indium-Tin-Oxide for Resistance Random Access Memory
    (2014-06-01)
    Zhang, Rui
    ;
    Chang, Kuan-Chang
    ;
    Chang, Ting-Chang
    ;
    Tsai, Tsung-Ming
    ;
    Huang, Syuan-Yong
    In this letter, we report the oxygen accumulation effect and its influence on resistive switching for gadolinium-doped silicon dioxide (Gd:SiO2) resistance random access memory (RRAM). We find that oxygen absorbance by indium-tin-oxide electrode affects the conduction current mechanism, and remarkably modifies the device performance of RRAM devices. By current fitting, Schottky emission can be observed in both low and high resistance states, from which conduction model is proposed to clarify the oxygen accumulation phenomenon. Reliability tests, including endurance and high temperature retention are further carried out, evaluating the significance of oxygen accumulation effect in redox reaction for RRAM devices.
  • Item type:Item,
    Revealing Controllable Nanowire Transformation through Cationic Exchange for RRAM Application
    (2014-05-01)
    Huang, Chun-Wei
    ;
    Chen, Jui-Yuan
    ;
    Chiu, Chung-Hua
    ;
    Wu, Wen-Wei
    ;
    材料科學與工程學系
    One dimensional metal oxide nanostructures have attracted much attention owing to their fascinating functional properties. Among them, piezoelectricity and photocatalysts along with their related materials have stirred significant interests and widespread studies in recent years. In this work, we successfully transformed piezoelectric ZnO into photocatalytic TiO2 and formed TiO2/ZnO axial heterostructure nanowires with flat interfaces by solid to solid cationic exchange reactions in high vacuum (approximately 10(-8) Torr) transmission electron microscope (TEM). Kinetic behavior of the single crystalline TiO2 was systematically analyzed. The nanoscale growth rate of TiO2 has been measured using in situ TEM videos. On the basis of the rate, we can control the dimensions of the axial-nanoheterostructure. In addition, the unique Pt/ ZnO / TiO2/ ZnO /Pt heterostructures with complementary resistive switching (CRS) characteristics were designed to solve the important issue of sneak-peak current. The resistive switching behavior was attributed to the migration of oxygen and TiO2 layer served as reservoir, which was confirmed by energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) analysis. This study not only supplied a distinct method to explore the transformation mechanisms but also exhibited the potential application of ZnO/TiO2 heterostructure in nanoscale crossbar array resistive random-access memory (RRAM).
  • Item type:Item,
    Improvement mechanism of resistance random access memory with supercritical CO2 fluid treatment
    (2014-01-01)
    Chang, Kuan-Chang
    ;
    Chen, Jung-Hui
    ;
    Tsai, Tsung-Ming
    ;
    Chang, Ting-Chang
    ;
    Huang, Syuan-Yong
    We demonstrated that the supercritical CO2 fluid treatment was a new concept to efficiently reduce the operation current of resistance random access memory. The dangling bonds of tin-doped silicon oxide (Sn:SiOx) thin film were passivated by the hydration-dehydration reaction through supercritical CO2 fluid treatment, which was verified by the XPS and FTIR analyses. The current conduction mechanism of low resistance state in post-treated Sn:SiOx thin film was transferred to hopping conduction from Ohmic conduction. Furthermore, the current conduction mechanism of high resistance state in the memory device was transferred to Schottky emission from Frenkel-Poole conduction. The phenomena were attributed to the discontinuous metal filament formed by hydration-dehydration reaction in Sn:SiOx thin film through supercritical fluid treatment. Finally, a reaction model was proposed to explain the mechanism of current reduction in Sn:SiOx thin film with supercritical CO2 fluid treatment. Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
  • Item type:Item,
    Tri-Resistive Switching Behavior of Hydrogen Induced Resistance Random Access Memory
    (2014-02-01)
    Chu, Tian-Jian
    ;
    Tsai, Tsung-Ming
    ;
    Chang, Ting-Chang
    ;
    Chang, Kuan-Chang
    ;
    Zhang, Rui
    In this letter, the special role of hydrogen ions in hafnium doped silicon oxide resistive random access memory (RRAM) is presented. In addition to the more typical oxygen ion-dominated resistive switching, hydrogen ions were also observed to trigger a resistance transformation phenomenon, producing a tri-resistive device. Unlike a normal RRAM device, a hydrogen plasma-treated device is operated with a reversed voltage polarity, and the direction of hydrogen ion migration results in the chemical bonds breaking and repairing. By changing the voltage polarity and stop voltage, this tri-resistive behavior can be achieved. This particular hydrogen-induced switching behavior suggests a different RRAM switching mechanism and is finally explained by our model.
  • Item type:Item,
    Space electric field concentrated effect for Zr:SiO2 RRAM devices using porous SiO2 buffer layer
    (2013-12-11)
    Chang, Kuan-
    ;
    Huang, Jen-wei
    ;
    Chang, Ting-Chang
    ;
    Tsai, Tsung-Ming
    ;
    Chen, Kai-Huang
    To improve the operation current lowing of the Zr:SiO2 RRAM devices, a space electric field concentrated effect established by the porous SiO2 buffer layer was investigated and found in this study. The resistive switching properties of the low-resistance state (LRS) and high-resistance state (HRS) in resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices for the single-layer Zr:SiO2 and bilayer Zr:SiO2/porous SiO2 thin films were analyzed and discussed. In addition, the original space charge limited current (SCLC) conduction mechanism in LRS and HRS of the RRAM devices using bilayer Zr:SiO2/porous SiO2 thin films was found. Finally, a space electric field concentrated effect in the bilayer Zr:SiO2/porous SiO2 RRAM devices was also explained and verified by the COMSOL Multiphysics simulation model.
  • Item type:Item,
    Reversible transition of resistive switching induced by oxygen-vacancy and metal filaments in HfO2
    (2013-11-01)
    Luo, Wun-Cheng
    ;
    Hou, Tuo-Hung
    ;
    Lin, Kuan-Liang
    ;
    Lee, Yao-Jen
    ;
    Lei, Tan-Fu
    In contrast to the irreversible transition of resistive switching induced by oxygen-vacancy filaments (VF) and metal filaments (MF) reported in the literature, this study reports coexistence and completely reversible transition of VF- and MF-induced resistive switching in a Ni/HfO2/SiOx/P+-Si device with three distinct and stable resistance states. In a dual filament model proposed, VF and MF may coexist at the same percolation path, and the formation and rupture proceed in a two-step fashion by choosing appropriate SET/RESET conditions. Exploiting the dependence of different filament compositions on resistive switching may enable new design space for future multi-level-cell resistive-switching memory. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.