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Item type:Item, Electronic-based procedure for managing unbalanced bids(2004-05-01) ;Wang, WC ;土木工程學系Department of Civil EngineeringConstruction lump sum lowest bid procurement is one of the most prevalent methods of awarding construction contracts. For a lump sum bidding practice in Taiwan, after the lowest bidder is awarded a construction project contract, the contractual unit price for each cost item is taken as the product of the owner's estimated unit price and a discounting ratio equal to the total bid price divided by the owner's project cost estimate. This owner-based approach is inequitable because the bidder is denied the right to allocate the risks associated with the costs of performing the work. In U.S. practice, while the unit prices submitted by the bidder are usually considered as the contractual ones, unbalanced bids may occur. This work presents a bidder-based quantitative procedure, built on an electronic-based bidding process for effectively and efficiently supporting reviewing and adjusting the bidder's proposed unit prices for a lump sum procurement project. The advantages of this procedure include that the unit prices electronically obtained front the owner and all qualified bidders are included in analyses during unit-price evaluation, and that rules for unit-price adjustment along with maintaining the total contractual price are included. The novel procedure has been successfully applied to several construction projects in Taiwan and the results have been greatly appreciated by both governments and contractors.Item type:Item, Quantification of Cable Deformation with Time Domain Reflectometry-Implications to Landslide Monitoring(2009-01-01) ;Lin, Chih-Ping ;Tang, Shr-Hong ;Lin, Wen-Chin ;Chung, Chih-Chung交大名義發表Time domain reflectometry (TDR) technology has become a valuable tool for detecting displacements and locating shear planes in rock or soil slopes. It is based on transmitting an electromagnetic pulse into a coaxial cable grouted in rock or soil mass and watching for reflections of this transmission due to cable deformity induced by the ground deformation. Early detection of localized shear deformation in soft soils and quantifying the shear displacement using TDR remains a challenging work. The TDR response due to localized shear deformation is affected by cable resistance, soil-grout-cable interaction, and shear bandwidth. A comprehensive TDR wave propagation model considering cable resistance is introduced to model TDR response to cable deformity. Effects of the influencing factors on the relationship between the reflection spike and the shear displacement are investigated through laboratory tests and numerical simulations. The implications to enhancing TDR response and quantifying shear displacement are stressed. Practical suggestions are made, including procedure for correcting resistance effect, selection of cable and grout, and how to quantify shear displacement using TDR.