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Now showing 1 - 10 of 19

Poly(oxypropylene)-amide grafted polypropylene as novel compatibilizer for PP and PA6 blends
(2001-01-01)
Tseng, FP
;
Lin, JJ
;
Tseng, CR
;
Chang, FC
;
應用化學系
Poly(oxypropylene)-amide grafted polypropylene (PP) was prepared in an extruder by the reaction of poly(oxypropylene) (POP)diamines and maleated PP (PP-g-MA). The resulting POP-grafted PP copolymers are confirmed by the FTIR analysis, and used as compatibilizers for polyamide 6 (PA6) and polypropylene blends, These compatibilizers, POP-functionalized PPs (PP-g-MA-co-POPs), have different amphiphilic properties depending on the content of MA in the starting PP-g-MA and the molar ratio of MA/amine. The compatibilization effect is examined in terms of morphologies, thermal and mechanical properties. The morphologies, affected by the molecular weight of POP diamine in PP-g-MA-co-POP copolymer, show a decreasing size of the dispersed PA6 particles as the molecular weight of POP diamine increasing from 230 to 400 to 2000. Using these PP-g-MA-co-POP copolymers, the compatibilized blends show improvements in mechanical properties, including Izod impact strength and tensile toughness, over a conventional compatibilizer. The POP and amide functionalities in the compatibilizers can facilitate the formation of hydrogen bonding with PA6 and, therefore, the compatibilizing effect. During the compounding process, the compatibilizers further react with PA6 in situ to afford the mixture of PP-g-MA-co-POP-PA6, PP-g-MA-co-POP-co-PA6 and PP-g-MA-co-PA6 copolymers, which further improves the compatibilizing effect. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Study of hydrogen-bonding strength in poly(epsilon-caprolactone) blends by DSC and FTIR
(2001-06-15)
Kuo, SW
;
Huang, CF
;
Chang, FC
;
應用化學系
;
Department of Applied Chemistry
The hydrogen-bonding strength of poly(epsilon -caprolactone) (PCL) blends with three different well-known hydrogen-bonding donor polymers [i.e., phenolic, poly(vinyl-phenol) (PVPh), and phenoxy] was investigated with differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. All blends exhibited a single glass-transition temperature with differential scanning calorimetry, which is characteristic of a miscible system. The strength of interassociation depended on the hydrogen-bonding donor group in the order phenolic/PCL > PVPh/PCL > phenoxy/PCL, which corresponds to the q value of the Kwei equation. Tn addition, the interaction energy density parameter calculated from the melting depression of PCL with the Nishi-Wang equation resulted in a similar trend in terms of the hydrogen-bonding strength. Quantitative analyses on the fraction of hydrogen-bonded carbonyl groups in the molten state were made with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for all systems, and good correlations between thermal behaviors and infrared results were observed. (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Effect of copolymer composition on the miscibility of poly(styrene-co-acetoxystyrene) with phenolic resin
(2001-11-01)
Kuo, SW
;
Chang, FC
;
應用化學系
;
Department of Applied Chemistry
The miscibility behavior and specific interaction of phenolic/polystyrene-co-acetoxystyrene, (PS-co-PAS) blends by varying acetoxystyrene contents of the PS-co-PAS copolymer were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). A miscibility window was found when the acetoxystyrene fraction in the copolymer is higher than 45 mol% in phenolic/PS-co-PAS = 50/50 blend system. Painter-Coleman Association Model (PCAM) is able to predict the miscibility window at 150 degreesC compared with our experimental results based on DSC analyses. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
The study of hydrogen bonding and miscibility in poly (vinylpyridines) with phenolic resin
(2002-06-01)
Kuo, SW
;
Lin, CL
;
Chang, FC
;
應用化學系
;
Department of Applied Chemistry
The hydrogen bonding and miscibility behaviors of poly(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP) or poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) with phenolic resin were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). These blends have a single glass transition over the entire composition range indicating that these blends are able to form a miscible phase due to the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonding between hydroxyl of phenolic and pyridine ring of poly (vinylpyridines). Furthermore, FTIR studies on the hydrogen-bonding interaction between the hydroxyl group of phenolic and pyridine ring of poly (vinylpyridines) at various compositions and temperatures indicate that the greater inter-association for P4VP than P2VP due to the steric hindrance effect on specific interaction between these two polymers. Finally, inter-association equilibrium constants of phenolic/P2VP and phenolic/P4VP blends were determined by model compounds. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Miscibility enhancement on the immiscible binary blend of poly(vinyl acetate) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) with bisphenol A
(2002-06-01)
Kuo, SW
;
Chan, SC
;
Chang, FC
;
應用化學系
;
Department of Applied Chemistry
The miscibility behavior and hydrogen bonding of ternary blends of bisphenol A (BPA)/poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc)/poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) were investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The BPA is miscible with both PVAc and PVP based on the observed single T-g over the entire composition range. FTIR was used to study the hydrogen-bonding interaction between the hydroxyl group of BPA and the carbonyl group of PVAc and PVP at various compositions. Furthermore, the addition of BPA is able to enhance the miscibility of the immiscible PVAc/PVP binary blend and eventually transforms into miscible blend with single T-g, when a sufficiently quantity of the BPA is present due to the significant Deltachi and the DeltaK effect. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Effect of inert diluent segment on the miscibility behavior of poly(vinylphenol) with poly(acetoxystyrene) blends
(2002-08-01)
Kuo, SW
;
Chang, FC
;
應用化學系
;
Department of Applied Chemistry
Polymer blends of poly(vinylphenol) (PVPh) and poly(styrene-co-vinylphenol) with poly(p-acetoxystyrene) (PAS) were prepared by solution casting from tetrahydrofuran solution. The thermal properties and hydrogen bonding of the blends were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Although hydrogen bonding existed between the PVPh and PAS segments, the experimental results indicated that PVPh is immiscible with PAS as shown by the existence of two glass-transition temperatures over the entire composition range by DSC. This phenomenon is attributed to the strong self-association of PVPh, intramolecular screening, and functional group accessibility effects of the PVPh/PAS blend system. However, the incorporation of an inert diluent moiety such as styrene into the PVPh chain renders the modified polymer to be miscible with PAS. Copolymers containing between 16 and 51 mol % vinylphenol were fully miscible with PAS according to DSC studies. These observed results were caused by the reduction of the strong self-association of PVPh and the increase of the interassociation between PVPh and PAS segments with the incorporation of styrene on the PVPh chain. According to the Painter-Coleman association model, the interassociation equilibrium constant of PVPh/PAS blends was determined by a model compound and polymer blend. Good correlation between these two methods was obtained after considering the intramolecular screening and functional group accessibility effect in the polymer blend. (C) 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Glass transition temperatures of poly(hydroxystyrene-co-vinylpyrrolidone-co-isobutylstyry1 polyhedral oligosilsesquioxanes)
(2002-09-01)
Xu, HY
;
Kuo, SW
;
Lee, JS
;
Chang, FC
;
應用化學系
A series of poly(hydroxystyrene-co-vinylpyffolidone-co-isobutylstyryl polyhedral oligosilsesquioxanes) (PHS-PVP-POSS) hybrid polymers with various POSS contents was prepared by free radical copolymerization of acetoxystyrene, vinylpyrrolidone with styrylisobutylpolyhedral oligosilsesquioxanes (POSS), followed by selective removal of the acetyl protective group. The POSS content of a hybrid polymer can be effectively controlled by varying the feed ratios of reactants. The T-g of the POSS hybrid increases with the POSS content of PHS-PVP-POSS hybrids. The mechanism of T-g enhancement in these PHS-PVP-POSS hybrids was investigated using DSC, FTIR and GPC. The formation of the physically cross-linked POSS in these hybrid polymers trends to restrict polymer chain motion and results in significant T-g increase. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
Significant glass-transition-temperature increase through hydrogen-bonded copolymers
(2002-10-01)
Kuo, SW
;
Xu, HY
;
Huang, CF
;
Chang, FC
;
應用化學系
The role of hydrogen bonding in promoting intermolecular cohesion and higher glass-transition temperatures of polymer is a subject of longstanding interest. A series of poly(vinylphenol-co-vinylpyrrolidone) copolymers were prepared by the free-radical copolymerization of acetoxystyrene and vinylpyrrolidone; this was followed by the selective removal of the acetyl protective group, with corresponding and significant glass-transition-temperature increases after this procedure. The incorporation of acetoxystyrene into poly(vinylpyrrolidone) resulted in lower glass-transition temperatures because of the reduced dipole interactions in its homopolymers. However, the deacetylation of acetoxystyrene to transform the poly(vinylphenol-co-vinylpyrrolidone) copolymer enhanced the higher glass-transition temperature because of the strong hydrogen bonding in the copolymer chain. The thermal properties and hydrogen bonding of these two copolymers were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and good correlations between the thermal behaviors and IR results were observed. (C) 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Thermal properties and hydrogen bonding in polymer blend of polybenzoxazine/poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)
(2003-04-01)
Su, YC
;
Kuo, SW
;
Yei, DR
;
Xu, HY
;
Chang, FC
The thermal properties and hydrogen bonding behavior of B-a type polybenzoxazine (PBZZ)/PVP blends were investigated by DSC and FIFIR. The DSC result shows a single T-g over the entire compositions and a large positive deviation based on Kwei equation was observed in the T-g versus composition diagram, implying that strong hydrogen bonding interaction exists between PBZZ and PVP segments. The strength of hydrogen bonding interaction is in the order of inter-association between the hydroxyl group of PBZZ and the carbonyl group of PVP (K-A = 594 L mol(-1)) > self-association between the hydroxyl group of pure PBZZ (K-B = 72.6 L mol(-1)) > inter-association between the hydroxyl and the Mannich-based bridge of pure PBZZ (K-C < 10 L mol(-1)). Good correlation between DSC and FIFIR analysis were observed. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Significant thermal property and hydrogen bonding strength increase in poly(vinylphenol-co-vinylpyrrolidone) copolymer
(2003-05-01)
Kuo, SW
;
Chang, FC
;
應用化學系
;
Department of Applied Chemistry
A series of poly(vinylphenol-co-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVPh-co-PVP) copolymers were prepared by free radical copolymerization of acetoxystyrene with vinylpyrrolidone (PAS-co-PVP), followed by selective removal of the acetyl protective group. These copolymers were investigated by solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA) to compare with previous results on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. The spin-lattice relaxation time in the rotating frame (TIP(H)) of the PVPh-co-PVP is greater than the corresponding PVPh/PVP blend, indicating that the polymer mobility is more restricted and high rigid character of the former. At the same time, the thermal decomposition temperature of homopolymer, copolymer and polymer blend is the order of PVPh-co-PVP copolymer > PV-Ph/PVP blend > pure PVP homopolymer > PAS-co-PVP copolymer and this order is consistent with previous studies on DSC, FTIR and NMR analyses. In order to understand the mechanism of significant glass transition temperature increase of the PVPh-co-PVP copolymer, the degree of hydrolysis was controlled by varying time of reaction of the PAS-co-PVP copolymer. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

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