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Plasmonic Nanolasers Enhanced by Hybrid Graphene-Insulator-Metal Structures
(2019-08-01)
Li, Heng
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Li, Jhu-Hong
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Hong, Kuo-Bin
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Yu, Min-Wen
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Chun, Yi-Cheng
Graphene is a two-dimensional (2D) structure that creates a linear relationship between energy and momentum that not only forms massless Dirac fermions with extremely high group velocity but also exhibits a broadband transmission from 300 to 2500 nm that can be applied to many optoelectronic applications, such as solar cells, light-emitting devices, touchscreens, ultrafast photodetectors, and lasers. Although the plasmonic resonance of graphene occurs in the terahertz band, graphene can be combined with a noble metal to provide a versatile platform for supporting surface plasmon waves. In this study, we propose a hybrid graphene-insulator-metal (GIM) structure that can modulate the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) dispersion characteristics and thus influence the performance of plasmonic nanolasers. Compared with values obtained when graphene is not used on an Al template, the propagation length of SPP waves can be increased 2-fold, and the threshold of nanolasers is reduced by 50% when graphene is incorporated on the template. The GIM structure can be further applied in the future to realize electrical control or electrical injection of plasmonic devices through graphene.
Tuning the Characteristics of Surface Plasmon Polariton Nanolasers by Tailoring the Dispersion Relation
(2017-01-01)
Lu, Tien-Chang
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Chou, Yu-Hsun
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Hong, Kuo-Bin
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Chung, Yi-Cheng
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Lin, Tzy-Rong
Nanolasers with ultra-compact footprint are able to provide high intensity coherent light, which have various potential applications in high capacity signal processing, biosensing, and sub-wavelength imaging. Among various nanolasers, those lasers with cavities surrounded with metals have shown to have superior light emission properties due to the surface plasmon effect providing better field confinement capability and allowing exotic light-matter interaction. In this talk, we report robust ultraviolet ZnO nanolaser by using silver (Ag) [1] and aluminum (Al) [2] to strongly shrink the mode volume. The nanolasers operated at room temperature and even high temperature (353K) shows several distinct features including an extremely small mode volume, large Purcell factor and group index. Comparison of characteristics between Ag-and Al-based will also be made.
Metal for Plasmonic Ultraviolet Laser: Al or Ag?
(2017-11-01)
Chou, Yu-Hsun
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Hong, Kuo-Bin
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Chung, Yi-Cheng
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Chang, Chun-Tse
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Chou, Bo-Tsun
Surface plasmon polariton (SPP) nanolasers have recently emerged as promising candidates for generating a coherent light source in nanophotonic integration circuits. The properties of SPP nanolasers, such as group velocity, mode area, modulation speed, and threshold performance, can be manipulated using a dispersion relation. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of SPP nanolasers operated near and far from the SP frequency. Our results indicated that SPP nanolaser performance can be significantly influenced by manipulating the dispersion relation.
Ultracompact Pseudowedge Plasmonic Lasers and Laser Arrays
(2018-02-01)
Chou, Yu-Hsun
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Hong, Kuo-Bin
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Chang, Chun-Tse
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Chang, Tsu-Chi
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Huang, Zhen-Ting
Concentrating light at the deep subwavelength scale by utilizing plasmonic effects has been reported in various optoelectronic devices with intriguing phenomena and functionality. Plasmonic waveguides with a planar structure exhibit a two-dimensional degree of freedom for the surface plasmon; the degree of freedom can be further reduced by utilizing metallic nanostructures or nanoparticles for surface plasmon resonance. Reduction leads to different lightwave confinement capabilities, which can be utilized to construct plasmonic nanolaser cavities. However, most theoretical and experimental research efforts have focused on planar surface plasmon polariton (SPP) nanolasers. In this study, we combined nanometallic structures intersecting with ZnO nanowires and realized the first laser emission based on pseudowedge SPP waveguides. Relative to current plasmonic nanolasers, the pseudowedge plasmonic lasers reported in our study exhibit extremely small mode volumes, high group indices, high spontaneous emission factors, and high Purell factors beneficial for the strong interaction between light and matter. Furthermore, we demonstrated that compact plasmonic laser arrays can be constructed, which could benefit integrated plasmonic circuits.
High-Operation-Temperature Plasmonic Nanolasers on Single-Crystalline Aluminum
(2016-05)
Chou, Yu-Hsun
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Wu, Yen-Mo
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Hong, Kuo-Bin
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Chou, Bo-Tsun
;
Shih, Jheng-Hong
The recent development of plasmonics has overcome the optical diffraction limit and fostered the development of several important components including nanolasers, low-operation-power modulators, and high-speed detectors. In particular, the advent of surface-plasmon-polariton (SPP) nanolasers has enabled the development of coherent emitters approaching the nanoscale. SPP nanolasers widely adopted metal insulator semiconductor structures because the presence of an insulator can prevent large metal loss. However, the insulator is not necessary if permittivity combination of laser structures is properly designed. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a SPP nanolaser with a ZnO nanowire on the as-grown single-crystalline aluminum. The average lasing threshold of this simple structure is 20 MW/cm(2), which is four-times lower than that of structures with additional insulator layers. Furthermore, single-mode laser operation can be sustained at temperatures up to 353 K. Our study represents a major step toward the practical realization of SPP nanolasers.

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