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Item type:Item, A 2.4-Gsample/s DVFS FFT processor for MIMO OFDM communication systems(2008-05-01) ;Chen, Yuan ;Lin, Yu-Wei ;Tsao, Yu-Chi ;Lee, Chen-Yi電子工程學系及電子研究所This paper presents a new dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) FFT processor for MIMO OFDM applications. By the proposed multimode multipath-delay-feedback (MMDF) architecture, our FFT processor can process 1-8-stream 256-point FFTs or a high-speed 256-point FFT in two processing domains at minimum clock frequency for DVFS operations. A parallelized radix-2(4) FFT algorithm is also employed to save the power consumption and hardware cost of complex multipliers. Furthermore, a novel open-loop voltage detection and scaling (OLVDS) mechanism is proposed for fast and robust voltage management. With these schemes, the proposed FFT processor can operate at adequate voltage/frequency under different configurations to support the power-aware feature. A test chip of the proposed FITT processor has been fabricated using UMC 90 nm single-poly nine-metal CMOS process with a core area of 1.88 x 1.88 mm(2). The SQNR performance of this FFT chip is over 35.8 dB for QPSK/16-QAM modulation. Power dissipation of 2.4 Gsample/s 256-point FFT computations is about 119.7 mW at 0.85 V. Depending on the operation mode, power can be saved by 18%-43% with voltage scaling in TT corner.Item type:Item, Design of an FFT/IFFT processor for MIMO OFDM systems(2007-04-01) ;Lin, Yu-Wei ;Lee, Chen-Yi ;電子工程學系及電子研究所Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of ElectronicsIn this paper, we present a novel 128/64 point fast Fourier transform (FFT)/ inverse FFT (IFFT) processor for the applications in a multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing based IEEE 802.11n wireless local area network baseband processor. The unfolding mixed-radix multipath delay feedback FFT architecture is proposed to efficiently deal with multiple data sequences. The proposed processor not only supports the operation of FFT/IFFT in 128 points and 64 points but can also provide different throughput rates for 1-4 simultaneous data sequences to meet IEEE 802.11n requirements. Furthermore, less hardware complexity is needed in our design compared with traditional four-parallel approach. The proposed FFT/IFFT processor is designed in a 0.13-mu m single-poly and eight-metal CMOS process. The core area is 660 x 2142 mu m(2), including an FFT/IFFT processor and a test module. At the operation clock rate of 40 MHz, our proposed processor can calculate 128-point FFT with four independent data sequences within 3.2 mu s meeting IEEE 802.11n standard requirements.Item type:Item, An indexed-scaling pipelined FFT processor for OFDM-based WPAN applications(2008-02-01) ;Chen, Yuan ;Tsao, Yu-Chi ;Lin, Yu-Wei ;Lin, Chin-HungLee, Chen-YiIn this brief, a high-throughput and low-complexity fast Fourier transform (FFT) processor for wideband orthogonal frequency division multiplexing communication systems is presented. A new indexed-scaling method is proposed to reduce both the critical-path delay and hardware cost by employing shorter wordlength. Together with the mixed-radix multipath delay feedback structure, the proposed FFT processor can achieve very high throughput with low hardware cost. From analysis, it is shown that the proposed indexed-scaling method can save at least 11% memory utilizations compared to other state-of-the-art scaling algorithms. Also,,a-test chip of a 1.2 Gsample/s 2048-point FFT processor has been designed using UMC 90-nm 1P9M process with a core area of 0.97 mm(2). The signal-to-quantization-noise ratio (SQNR) performance of this test chip is over 32.7 dB to support 16-QAM modulation and the power consumption is about 117 mW at 300 MHz. Compared to the fixed-point FFT processors, about 26% area and 28% power can be saved under the same throughput and SQNR specifications.Item type:Item, A Generalized Mixed-Radix Algorithm for Memory-Based FFT Processors(2010-01-01) ;Hsiao, Chen-Fong ;Chen, Yuan ;Lee, Chen-Yi ;電子工程學系及電子研究所Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of ElectronicsIn this brief, a generalized mixed-radix (GMR) algorithm is proposed for memory-based fast Fourier transform (FFT) processors to support prime-sized and traditional 2(n)-point FFTs simultaneously. It transforms the index to a multidimensional vector for efficient computation. By controlling the index vector to satisfy the "vector reverse" behavior, the GMR algorithm can support not only in-place policy for both computation and I/O data for continuous data flow to minimize the memory size but also multibank memory structures to increase the maximum throughput without memory conflict. Finally, a low-complexity implementation of an index vector generator is also proposed for our algorithm.