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Item type:Item, Design on ESD protection scheme for IC with power-down-mode operation(2004-08-01) ;Ker, MD ;Lin, KH ;電機學院College of Electrical and Computer EngineeringThis paper presents a new electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection scheme for IC with power-down-mode operation. Adding a VDD ESD bus line and diodes into the proposed ESD protection scheme can block the leakage current from I/O pin to VDD power line and avoid malfunction during power-down operation. The whole-chip ESD protection design can be achieved by insertion of ESD clamp circuits between VSS power line and both the VDD power line and VDD ESD bus line. Experiment results show that the human-body model (HBM) ESD level of this new scheme can be greater than 7.5 kV in a 0.35-mum silicided CMOS process.Item type:Item, Double snapback characte'ristics in high-voltage nMOSFETs and the impact to on-chip ESD protection design(2004-09-01) ;Ker, MD ;Lin, KH ;電子工程學系及電子研究所Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of ElectronicsThe double snapback characteristic in the highvoltage nMOSFET under transmission line pulsing stress is found. The physical mechanism of double snapback phenomenon in the high-voltage nMOSFET is investigated by device simulation. With double snapback characteristic in high-voltage nMOSFET, the holding voltage of the high-voltage nMOSFET in snapback breakdown condition has been found to be much smaller than the power supply voltage. Such characteristic will cause the high-voltage CMOS ICs susceptible to the latchup-like danger in the real system applications, especially while the high-voltage nMOSFET is used in the power-rail electrostatic discharge clamp circuit.Item type:Item, On-chip ESD protection design with substrate-triggered technique for mixed-voltage I/O circuits in subquarter-micrometer CMOS process(2004-10-01) ;Ker, MD ;Lin, KH ;Chuang, CH ;電機學院College of Electrical and Computer EngineeringA new electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection design, by using the substrate-triggered stacked-nMOS device, is proposed to protect the mixed-voltage I/O circuits of CMOS ICs. The substrate-triggered technique is applied to lower the trigger voltage of the stacked-nMOS device to ensure effective ESD protection for the mixed-voltage I/O circuits. The proposed ESD protection circuit with the substrate-triggered technique is fully compatible to general CMOS process without causing the gate-oxide reliability problem. Without using the thick gate oxide, the new proposed design has been fabricated and verified for 2.5/3.3-V tolerant mixed-voltage I/O circuit in a 0.25-mum salicided CMOS process. The experimental results have confirmed that the human-body-model ESD level of the mixed-voltage I/O buffers can be successfully improved from the original 3.4 to 5.6 kV by using this new proposed ESD protection circuit.Item type:Item, MOS-bounded diodes for on-chip ESD protection in deep submicron CMOS process(2005-03-01) ;Ker, MD ;Lin, KH ;Chuang, CH ;電子工程學系及電子研究所Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of ElectronicsNew diode structures without the field-oxide boundary across the p/n junction for ESD protection are proposed. A NMOS (PMOS) is especially inserted into the diode structure to form the NMOS-bounded (PMOS-bounded) diode, which is used to block the field oxide isolation across the p/n junction in the diode structure. The proposed N(P)MOS-bounded diodes can provide more efficient ESD protection to the internal circuits, as compared to the other diode structures. The N(P)MOS-bounded diodes can be used in the I/O ESD protection circuits, power-rail ESD clamp circuits, and the ESD conduction cells between the separated power lines. From the experimental results, the human-body-model ESD level of ESD protection circuit with the proposed N(P)MOS-bounded diodes is greater than 8 kV in a 0.35-mu m CMOS process.Item type:Item, The impact of low-holding-voltage issue in high-voltage CMOS technology and the design of latchup-free power-rail ESD clamp circuit for LCD driver ICs(2005-08-01) ;Ker, MD ;Lin, KH ;電機學院College of Electrical and Computer EngineeringThe holding voltage of the high-voltage devices in snapback breakdown condition has been found to be much smaller than the power supply voltage. Such characteristics will cause the LCD driver ICs to be susceptible to the latchup-like danger in the practical system applications, especially while these devices are used in the power-rail ESD clamp circuit. A new latchup-free design on the power-rail ESD clamp circuit with stacked-field-oxide structure is proposed and successfully verified in a 0.25-mu m 40-V CMOS process to achieve the desired ESD level. The total holding voltage of the stacked-field-oxide structure in snapback breakdown condition can be larger than the power supply voltage. Therefore, latchup or latchup-like issues can be avoided by stacked-field-oxide structures for the IC applications with power supply of 40 V.Item type:Item, ESD protection design for I/O cells with embedded SCR structure as power-rail ESD clamp device in nanoscale CMOS technology(2005-11-01) ;Ker, MD ;Lin, KH ;電子工程學系及電子研究所Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of ElectronicsThis paper presents a new electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection design for input/output (I/O) cells with embedded silicon-controlled rectifier (SCR) structure as power-rail ESD clamp device in a 130-nm CMOS process. Two new embedded SCR structures without latchup danger are proposed to be placed between the input (or output) pMOS and nMOS devices of the I/O cells. Furthermore, the turn-on efficiency of embedded SCR can be significantly increased by substrate-triggered technique. Experimental results have verified that the human-body-model (HBM) ESD level of this new proposed I/O cells can be greater than 5 kV in a 130-nm fully salicided CMOS process. By including the efficient power-rail ESD clamp device into each I/O cell, whole-chip ESD protection scheme can be successfully achieved within a small silicon area of the I/O cell.Item type:Item, Overview on electrostatic discharge protection designs for mixed-voltage I/O interfaces: Design concept and circuit implementations(2006-02-01) ;Ker, MD ;Lin, KH ;電機學院College of Electrical and Computer EngineeringElectrostatic discharge (ESD) protection design for mixed-voltage I/O interfaces has been one of the key challenges of system-on-a-chip (SOC) implementation in nano-scale CMOS processes. The on-chip ESD protection circuit for mixed-voltage I/O interfaces should meet the gate-oxide reliability constraints and prevent the undesired leakage current paths. This paper presents an overview on the design concept and circuit implementations of the ESD protection designs for mixed-voltage I/O interfaces without using the additional thick gate-oxide process. The ESD design constraints in mixed-voltage I/O interfaces, the classification and analysis of ESD protection designs for mixed-voltage I/O interfaces, and the designs of high-voltage-tolerant power-rail ESD clamp circuit are presented and discussed.