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Soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy studies of doped Pr-containing cuprates
(2003-01-01)
Chen, JM
;
Liu, SJ
;
Chang, CF
;
Lin, JY
;
Gou, YS
Using high-resolution O K-edge x-ray absorption near-edge-structure (XANES) spectroscopy, unoccupied states of the YxPr1-xBa2Cu3O7 (x=0-1) thin films and polycrystalline Pr1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7 (x=0-0.3) as well as R0.8Pr0.2Ba2Cu3O7 samples (R=Tm, Dy, Gd, and Sm) are investigated. In YxPr1-xBa2Cu3O7, hole numbers in the CuO2 planes decrease significantly with increasing Pr doping level. Hole carriers generated via Ca doping in Pr1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7 are directed predominantly into both the Zhang-Rice and Fehrenbacher-Rice (FR) states, while those in the CuO3 ribbons remain almost unchanged with Ca substitution. In R0.8Pr0.2Ba2Cu3O7, the hole content in the CuO2 planes decreases monotonically with increasing ionic size of the R3+ ions, confirming the hole depletion effect based on the Pr 4f-O 2p hybridization. We demonstrate the spectroscopic evidence of the existence of the FR states. The present XANES results provide a deeper understanding of the nature of hybridization and the origin of the ionic size effect.
Strategic planning for technology development with patent analysis
(1997-01-01)
Liu, SJ
;
Shyu, J
;
科技管理研究所
;
Institute of Management of Technology
Patents contain much technological information. This paper demonstrates that patent analysis facilitates a unique scheme for technology development. Two cases are employed to illustrate the effectiveness of a patent database. The first case provides strategic planning for developing Light Emitting Diode (LED) material technology. The second case, involving Thin Film Transistor (TFT), displays that the development trend in related patents corresponds to the technology roadmap in the industrial sector. To reduce the uncertainties of solely employing patent data, this study also incorporates academic journal findings and industrial information. Results presented herein demonstrate that patents can function not only as a map for tracking the technology trajectory, but also a guidepost for technology planning and forecasting.
Industrial development and structural adaptation in Taiwan: Some issues of learned entrepreneurship
(1998-11-01)
Liu, SJ
;
科技管理研究所
;
Institute of Management of Technology
The industrialization of Taiwan has been a remarkable phenomenon. This paper discusses recent changes in Taiwan's manufacturing industries and the response of both government and private enterprises to the challenges presented by a dynamic environment and by global competition. Several cases are discussed in light of the activities and adjustments on the part of government and of the public sector, of small and medium business, and of high-tech industries. Government participation over the last four decades has been and will remain pivotal in economic growth and in achieving adjusted positioning. Taiwan's personal computer and IC industries have evolved from an infant stage through an accelerated growth period and are now extending to other technologically associated industries. The small enterprise sector is in a transitional stage of upgrading competitive niches. The unsuccessful stories of biopharmaceuticals and automobiles are discussed in terms of what they reveal about government intervention and the performance of public research institutes. Active patenting activities by Taiwan enterprises and public research institutes illustrate the accumulated technological capability found on this island. The accelerated sociopolitical movements toward democracy, the bureaucratic management of public issues, and the political and economic interactions between Taiwan and China, exert significant effects on the industrial structure and on government's role in directing the industrial evolution. This article presents an integrated reasoning of Taiwan's economic success, It reveals that the neoclassical doctrine of market efficiency is fundamentally valid, and that the effective commercialization of national technological capability has created Taiwan's industrial evolution. Market governance proved to be an efficient short-term policy instrument when the latecomer strategy of cost leadership was applied. A conceptual model of industrial competition and technology commercialization is also proposed to facilitate the methodological analysis. This study concludes that learning capability and human capital will determine the endurance of Taiwan's industrial success, and that entrepreneurship must be learned by the state, as well as by the private firms.
International development of Taiwan's information industry: An empirical study on human resource strategy of overseas subsidiaries
(1998-08-01)
Liu, SJ
;
Huang, TL
;
Chen, QH
;
科技管理研究所
;
Institute of Management of Technology
Since the 1980's, personal computers (PC's) and semiconductors have emerged as Taiwan's two leading high-technology industries. As of the 1990's, Taiwan has attained third place among PC manufacturers, and PC's and peripherals have become Taiwan's largest export products. Entrepreneurial small businesses, fierce competition in the local economy, and efficient industrial networking characterize Taiwan's PC industry, with flexible production and shortened time to market. This study investigates the human resource strategies of overseas subsidiaries of Taiwan's information enterprises, primarily the PC production industry. Gaining the comparative advantages of production from foreign resources of labor, materials, and key components are among the prime concerns. Direct access to foreign markets and marketing information constitute that more offices be established abroad. In general, internationalization of Taiwan's PC industry partakes more of a headquarters-controlled style of global management, Overseas subsidiaries are essentially extensions of Taiwan- and manufacturing-based PC enterprises. This study integrates theoretical frameworks of the eclectic paradigm and the integration-responsiveness models and explores four strategic patterns of human resource on the basis of two dimensions: consistency with parent-company policy and local responsiveness of a foreign subsidiary, Statistical measures as well as qualitative analysis reveal that both domestic corporate characteristics and overseas local features significantly influence management policy, While Taiwanese information enterprises are increasingly moving toward global expansion, the majority are at a learning stage in international business development. Internalization of Taiwan's PC industry primarily depends on the manufacturing capability of local headquarters and joint ventures with foreign companies. The manufacturing-based PC industry in Taiwan is moving toward key component production and brand marketing while integrating global resources to compete against established transnational corporations.
Industrial development and structural adaptation in Taiwan: Some issues of learned entrepreneurship
(1998-11-01)
Liu, SJ
;
科技管理研究所
;
Institute of Management of Technology
The industrialization of Taiwan has been a remarkable phenomenon. This paper discusses recent changes in Taiwan's manufacturing industries and the response of both government and private enterprises to the challenges presented by a dynamic environment and by global competition. Several cases are discussed in light of the activities and adjustments on the part of government and of the public sector, of small and medium business, and of high-tech industries. Government participation over the last four decades has been and will remain pivotal in economic growth and in achieving adjusted positioning. Taiwan's personal computer and IC industries have evolved from an infant stage through an accelerated growth period and are now extending to other technologically associated industries. The small enterprise sector is in a transitional stage of upgrading competitive niches. The unsuccessful stories of biopharmaceuticals and automobiles are discussed in terms of what they reveal about government intervention and the performance of public research institutes. Active patenting activities by Taiwan enterprises and public research institutes illustrate the accumulated technological capability found on this island. The accelerated sociopolitical movements toward democracy, the bureaucratic management of public issues, and the political and economic interactions between Taiwan and China, exert significant effects on the industrial structure and on government's role in directing the industrial evolution. This article presents an integrated reasoning of Taiwan's economic success, It reveals that the neoclassical doctrine of market efficiency is fundamentally valid, and that the effective commercialization of national technological capability has created Taiwan's industrial evolution. Market governance proved to be an efficient short-term policy instrument when the latecomer strategy of cost leadership was applied. A conceptual model of industrial competition and technology commercialization is also proposed to facilitate the methodological analysis. This study concludes that learning capability and human capital will determine the endurance of Taiwan's industrial success, and that entrepreneurship must be learned by the state, as well as by the private firms.
A comparison between the Fehrenbacher-Rice and the Liechtenstein-Mazin models
(2000-11-01)
Liu, SJ
;
Lin, JY
;
Chen, JM
;
Nachimuthu, P
;
Luo, CW
Unoccupied electronic states of Y1-xPrxCu3O7-y (x = 0 - 1) thin films have been investigated using high-resolution polarization-dependent O K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES). After determining the hole distribution among different oxygen sites of the Pr-doped thin films, we compare the experimental data with the Fehrenbacher and Rice (FR) model and the Liechtenstein and Mazin (LM) model, both of which are based on the hybridization of Pr 4f(z(x2-y2)) and O 2p(pi) orbitals in PrBa2Cu3O7-y. Our experimental results are more consistent with the FR model.
A beam-forming technique for leaky-wave antennas
(2001-01-20)
Chen, IY
;
Wang, CJ
;
Liu, SJ
;
Jou, CF
;
傳播研究所
A beam-forming technique for leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) which can switch electronically in three different radiation patterns is developed in this letter. A simple two-terminal feeding microstrip-line LWA works as a radiating element. By varying the phase of the two injection signals from 0 to 180 degrees, the emitting power from the LWA can produce three different radiation modes: the normal mode (one sharp beam), the difference mode (Delta), and the sum mode (Sigma). The antenna displays large-bandwidth characteristics, and can be useful near crossroads for collision avoidance or in the radio location of vehicles. (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Superconducting YBa2Cu3O7 films grown on TiO2 buffer layers derived from various processes
(2001-11-01)
Wu, KH
;
Lin, PI
;
Hsieh, CC
;
Liu, SJ
;
Juang, JY
YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO)/TiN and YBCO/TiO2 bilayer structures have been prepared on SrTiO3 (STO)(100) substrates by in situ pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The TiN films were originally intended to serve as the lower contact electrode for studying the c-axis transport properties of YBCO thin films. It was found that, under the optimum conditions of depositing YBCO thin films, the TiN(100) layer was oxidized and transformed into rutile TiO2(110) film. On the other hand, pure anatase TiO2(001) films were prepared by PLD using a rutile TiO2(110) substrate as the target. YBCO films grown on both phases of TiO2 films show virtually the same transport properties of typical good quality singlelayer YBCO films. Comparative studies of depositing YBCO films directly onto a de-sputtered TiO2 template commonly used in the selective epitaxial growth process have, however, resulted in formation of a nonsuperconducting YBCO top layer. Experiments including interfacial X-ray absorption spectroscopy for determining the possible interactions occurring at the YBCO and TiO2 interface are reported. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Anisotropic O 2p-Mn 3d unoccupied states in La1-xMnO3: an X-ray absorption spectroscopy study
(2002-02-01)
Lin, JY
;
Chen, CW
;
Liu, YC
;
Liu, SJ
;
Wu, KH
We have studied La1-xMnO3 thin films, which show the metal-insulator transition similar to La1-xCaxMnO3. The transport and magnetic properties are measured, X-ray absorption spectroscopy is employed to investigate the electronic structure. Surprisingly, the electronic structure of La1-xMnO3 shows large anisotropy. Our results suggest that La1-xMnO3 is unique among manganites. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Possible evidence for the existence of the Fehrenbacher-Rice band: O K-edge XANES study on Pr1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7
(2002-04-01)
Hong, IP
;
Lin, JY
;
Chen, JM
;
Chatterjee, S
;
Liu, SJ
X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), resistivity, and thermoelectric power have been measured on Pr1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7. These data reveal an intriguing electronic structure in Pr-doped cuprates. The absorption peak in XANES associated with the Fehrenbacher-Rice (FR) band has been identified. The Ca-doped holes in Pr1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7 go to both the Zhang-Rice (ZR) and FR bands. Comparative studies on the related samples suggest that the FR band is partially filled and highly localized. Implications of these results on other recent experiments, such as the observation of superconductivity in PrBa2Cu3O7 single crystals, are discussed.

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