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A novel online self-learning system with automatic object detection model for multimedia applications
(1970-01-01)
Cheng, Eric Juwei
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Prasad, Mukesh
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Yang, Jie
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Zheng, Ding Rong
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Tao, Xian
This paper proposes a novel online self-learning detection system for different types of objects. It allows users to random select detection target, generating an initial detection model by selecting a small piece of image sample and continue training the detection model automatically. The proposed framework is divided into two parts: First, the initial detection model and the online reinforcement learning. The detection model is based on the proportion of users of the Haar-like features to generate feature pool, which is used to train classifiers and get positive-negative (PN) classifier model. Second, as the videos plays, the detecting model detects the new sample by Nearest Neighbor (NN) Classifier to get the PN similarity for new model. Online reinforcement learning is used to continuously update classifier, PN model and new classifier. The experiment shows the result of less detection sample with automatic online reinforcement learning is satisfactory.
A robust real-time facial alignment system with facial landmarks detection and rectification for multimedia applications
(1970-01-01)
Chou, Kuang Pen
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Prasad, Mukesh
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Yang, Jie
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Su, Sheng-Yao
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Tao, Xian
Face detection often plays the first step in various visual applications. Large variants of facial deformations due to head movements and facial expression make it difficult to identify appropriate face region. In this paper, a robust real-time face alignment system, including facial landmarks detection and face rectification, is proposed. A facial landmarks detection model based on regression tree is utilized in the proposed system. In face rectification framework, 2-D geometrical analysis based on pitch, yaw and roll movements is designed to solve the misalignment problem in face detection. The experiments on the two datasets verify the performance significantly improved by the proposed method in the facial recognition task and outperform than those obtained by other alignment methods. Furthermore, the proposed method can achieve robust recognition results even if the amount of training images is not large.
A fast fused part-based model with new deep feature for pedestrian detection and security monitoring
(2020-02-01)
Cheng, Eric Juwei
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Prasad, Mukesh
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Yang, Jie
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Khanna, Pritee
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Chen, Bing-Hong
In recent years, pedestrian detection based on computer vision has been widely used in intelligent transportation, security monitoring, assistance driving and other related applications. However, one of the remaining open challenges is that pedestrians are partially obscured and their posture changes. To address this problem, deformable part model (DPM) uses a mixture of part filters to capture variation in view point and appearance and achieves success for challenging datasets. Nevertheless, the expensive computation cost of DPM limits its ability in the real-time application. This study propose a fast fused part-based model (FFPM) for pedestrian detection to detect the pedestrians efficiently and accurately in the crowded environment. The first step of the proposed method trains six Adaboost classifiers with Haar-like feature for different body parts (e.g., head, shoulders, and knees) to build the response feature maps. These six response feature maps are combined with full-body model to produce spatial deep features. The second step of the proposed method uses the deep features as an input to support vector machine (SVM) to detect pedestrian. A variety of strategies is introduced in the proposed model, including part-based to full-body method, spatial filtering, and multi-ratios combination. Experiment results show that the proposed FFPM method improves the computation speed of DPM and maintains the performance in detection. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Deep Sparse Representation Classifier for facial recognition and detection system
(2019-07-01)
Cheng, Eric-Juwei
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Chou, Kuang-Pen
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Rajora, Shantanu
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Jin, Bo-Hao
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Tanveer, M.
This paper proposes a two-layer Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to learn the high-level features which utilizes to the face identification via sparse representation. Feature extraction plays a vital role in real-world pattern recognition and classification tasks. The details description of the given input face image, significantly improve the performance of the facial recognition system. Sparse Representation Classifier (SRC) is a popular face classifier that sparsely represents the face image by a subset of training data, which is known as insensitive to the choice of feature space. The proposed method shows the performance improvement of SRC via a precisely selected feature exactor. The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms other methods on given datasets. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
EOG-Based Eye Movement Classification and Application on HCI Baseball Game
(2019-01-01)
Lin, Chin-Teng
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King, Juang-Tai
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Bharadwaj, Priyanka
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Chen, Chih-Hao
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Gupta, Akshansh
Electrooculography (EOG) is considered as the most stable physiological signal in the development of human-computer interface (HCI) for detecting eye-movement variations. EOG signal classification has gained more traction in recent years to overcome physical inconvenience in paralyzed patients. In this paper, a robust classification technique, such as eight directional movements is investigated by introducing a concept of buffer along with a variation of the slope to avoid misclassification effects in EOG signals. Blinking detection becomes complicated when the magnitude of the signals are considered. Hence, a correction technique is introduced to avoid misclassification for oblique eye movements. Meanwhile, a case study has been considered to apply these correction techniques to HCI baseball game to learn eye-movements.
A fast and self-adaptive on-line learning detection system
(2018-01-01)
Prasad, Mukesh
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Zheng, Ding-Rong
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Mery, Domingo
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Puthal, Deepak
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Sundaram, Suresh
This paper proposes a method to allow users to select target species for detection, generate an initial detection model by selecting a small piece of image sample and as the movie plays, continue training this detection model automatically. This method has noticeable detection results for several types of objects. The framework of this study is divided into two parts: the initial detection model and the online learning section. The detection model initialization phase use a sample size based on the proportion of users of the Haar-like features to generate a pool of features, which is used to train and select effective classifiers. Then, as the movie plays, the detecting model detects the new sample using the NN Classifier with positive and negative samples and the similarity model calculates new samples based on the fusion background model to calculate a new sample and detect the relative similarity to the target. From this relative similarity-based conservative classification of new samples, the conserved positive and negative samples classified by the video player are used for automatic online learning and training to continuously update the classifier. In this paper, the results of the test for different types of objects show the ability to detect the target by choosing a small number of samples and performing automatic online learning, effectively reducing the manpower needed to collect a large number of image samples and a large amount of time for training. The Experimental results also reveal good detection capability. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Online video streaming for human tracking based on weighted resampling particle filter
(2018-01-01)
Prasad, Mukesh
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Chang, Liang-Cheng
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Gupta, Deepak
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Pratama, Mahardhika
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Sundaram, Suresh
This paper proposes a weighted resampling method for particle filter which is applied for human tracking on active camera. The proposed system consists of three major parts which are human detection, human tracking, and camera control. The codebook matching algorithm is used for extracting human region in human detection system, and the particle filter algorithm estimates the position of the human in every input image. The proposed system in this paper selects the particles with highly weighted value in resampling, because it provides higher accurate tracking features. Moreover, a proportional integral derivative controller (PID controller) controls the active camera by minimizing difference between center of image and the position of object obtained from particle filter. The proposed system also converts the position difference into pan-tilt speed to drive the active camera and keep the human in the field of view (FOV) camera. The intensity of image changes overtime while tracking human therefore the proposed system uses the Gaussian mixture model (GM,M) to update the human feature model. As regards, the temporal occlusion problem is solved by feature similarity and the resampling particles. Also, the particle filter estimates the position of human in every input frames, thus the active camera drives smoothly. The robustness of the accurate tracking of the proposed system can be seen in the experimental results. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
A Generalized Enhanced Quantum Fuzzy Approach for Efficient Data Clustering
(2019-01-01)
Bharill, Neha
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Patel, Om Prakash
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Tiwari, Aruna
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Mu, Lifeng
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Li, Dong-Lin
Data clustering is a challenging task to gain insights into data in various fields. In this paper, an Enhanced Quantum-Inspired Evolutionary Fuzzy C-Means (EQIE-FCM) algorithm is proposed for data clustering. In the EQIE-FCM, quantum computing concept is utilized in combination with the FCM algorithm to improve the clustering process by evolving the clustering parameters. The improvement in the clustering process leads to improvement in the quality of clustering results. To validate the quality of clustering results achieved by the proposed EQIE-FCM approach, its performance is compared with the other quantum-based fuzzy clustering approaches and also with other evolutionary clustering approaches. To evaluate the performance of these approaches, extensive experiments are being carried out on various benchmark datasets and on the protein database that comprises of four superfamilies. The results indicate that the proposed EQIE-FCM approach finds the optimal value of fitness function and the fuzzifier parameter for the reported datasets. In addition to this, the proposed EQIE-FCM approach also finds the optimal number of clusters and more accurate location of initial cluster centers for these benchmark datasets. Thus, it can be regarded as a more efficient approach for data clustering.
Internet of Vehicles : Motivation, Layered Architecture, Network Model, Challenges, and Future Aspects
(2016-01-01)
Kaiwartya, Omprakash
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Abdullah, Abdul Hanan
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Cao, Yue
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Altameem, Ayman
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Prasad, Mukesh
Internet of Things is smartly changing various existing research areas into new themes, including smart health, smart home, smart industry, and smart transport. Relying on the basis of smart transport, Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is evolving as a new theme of research and development from vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). This paper presents a comprehensive framework of IoV with emphasis on layered architecture, protocol stack, network model, challenges, and future aspects. Specifically, following the background on the evolution of VANETs and motivation on IoV an overview of IoV is presented as the heterogeneous vehicular networks. The IoV includes five types of vehicular communications, namely, vehicle-to-vehicle, vehicle-to-roadside, vehicle-to-infrastructure of cellular networks, vehicle-to-personal devices, and vehicle-to-sensors. A five layered architecture of IoV is proposed considering functionalities and representations of each layer. A protocol stack for the layered architecture is structured considering management, operational, and security planes. A network model of IoV is proposed based on the three network elements, including cloud, connection, and client. The benefits of the design and development of IoV are highlighted by performing a qualitative comparison between IoV and VANETs. Finally, the challenges ahead for realizing IoV are discussed and future aspects of IoV are envisioned.
A Comparative Study of Machine Learning Techniques for Credit Card Fraud Detection Based on Time Variance
(2018-01-01)
Rajora, Shantanu
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Li, Dong-Lin
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Jha, Chandan
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Bharill, Neha
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Patel, Om Prakash
This paper proposes a comparative performance of ten different machine learning algorithms, done on a credit card fraud detection application. The machine learning methods have been classified into two groups namely classification algorithms and ensemble learning group. Each group is comprised of five different algorithms. Besides, the 'Time' feature is introduced in the data set and performances of the algorithms are studied with and without the 'Time' feature. Two algorithms of the ensemble learning group have been found to perform better when the used dataset does not include the 'Time' feature. However, for the classification algorithms group, three classifiers are found to show better predictive accuracies when all attributes are included in the used dataset. The rest of the machine learning models have approximate similar scores between these datasets.

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