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New gravimetric-only and hybrid geoid models of Taiwan for height modernisation, cross-island datum connection and airborne LiDAR mapping
(2020-08-12)
Hwang, Cheinway
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Hsu, Hung-Jui
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Featherstone, W. E.
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Cheng, Ching-Chung
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Yang, Ming
This paper combines gravity data collected from airborne, shipborne and terrestrial surveys and those derived from satellite altimetry to determine a high-resolution gravimetric and hybrid geoid model (on a 30" x 30 '' grid) in and around Taiwan. Some 6000 new land gravity values at a 0.03-mGal precision make a notable contribution to the geoid modeling. Shipborne gravity data in waters 20 km offshore Taiwan were collected to improve the coastal geoid precision. In a circular area of 50 km around each of the five major tide gauges in Taiwan, gravity data were measured to improve vertical datum connections between Taiwan and its four offshore islands. Height anomalies were computed first and then converted to geoid heights. At > 2000 benchmarks, we obtained measured geoid heights to assess the gravimetric-only geoid and to create a hybrid geoid. Our assessments and formal errors from least-squares collocation indicate few cm of standard deviations for both geoid models, but the gravimetric geoid has mean differences of up to 20 cm with the measured geoidal heights. The hybrid geoid is used in RTK-VBS orthometric heighting, achieving a 5-cm precision. The gravimetric geoid is used to determine the relative differences in the ocean's mean dynamic topography (MDT) between Taiwan and the four offshore islands, which are also compared with those from oceanic and altimetric methods for estimating MDT. Differences in MDT help to identify 41.7 cm and 54.1 cm offsets in the current vertical datums of Penghu and Lanyu islands. In a low-lying, flood-prone region of southern Taiwan, the hybrid geoid improves LiDAR mapping of sub-zero elevation zones by 20 cm, corresponding to 70 years of sea level rise at an assumed rate of 0.286 cm/yr.
How to prevent outbreak of a hospital-affiliated dementia day-care facility in the pandemic COVID-19 infection in Taiwan
(2020-06-01)
Huang, Hsuan-Ti
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Chen, Tun-Chieh
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Liu, Tzu-Yin
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Chiu, Chun-Feng
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Hsieh, Wen-Chien
Reference levels for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme activity in infants 7-90 days old in Taiwan
(2020-01-01)
Yang, Wen-Chien
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Tai, Shin
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Hsu, Chu-Ling
;
Fu, Chun-Min
;
Chou, An-Kuo
Background: Nationwide newborn screening for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency has been implemented in Taiwan since 1987 and the G6PD enzyme activity levels were applied for diagnosis confirmation. As the reference value of G6PD enzyme activity was not available for infants aged 7-90 days, this study was performed to determine the enzyme level in different genotypes. Methods: Between January 1, 2016 and June 30, 2017, 410 term infants aged 7-90 days old visiting National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu branch were enrolled. The comparisons of G6PD enzyme activities among genotype groups were performed. Results: G6PD enzyme activity was negatively correlated with age (R = -0.212, p = 0.01). For infants under 30 days of age, the G6PD enzyme activity levels were 1.4 +/- 0.9 U/g Hb in hemizygotes (n = 76), 6.5 +/- 2.0 U/g Hb in heterozygotes (n = 47), and 13.6 +/- 3.7 U/g Hb in those without G6PD mutations (n = 70). Among infants more than 30 days old, G6PD enzyme activity levels were 0.9 +/- 0.5 U/g Hb in hemizygotes (n = 46), 6.0 +/- 2.7 U/g Hb in heterozygotes (n = 23), and 11.7 +/- 3.4 U/g Hb in those without G6PD mutations (n = 148). G6PD levels differed significantly among the groups defined by genotypes. Conclusion: We determined G6PD enzyme activity levels in infants aged between 7 and 90 days in Taiwan. Completing the reference data and determining the cutoff values for different G6PD deficiency disease statuses will help pediatricians to make accurate diagnoses. Copyright (C) 2019, Formosan Medical Association. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC.
Functional independence of Taiwanese patients with mucopolysaccharidoses
(2019-08-01)
Lee, Chung-Lin
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Lin, Hsiang-Yu
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Chuang, Chih-Kuang
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Chiu, Huei-Ching
;
Tu, Ru-Yi
Background Information on functional strengths and weaknesses of mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) patients is important for early intervention programs and enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Methods We used the Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM) questionnaire to assess the functional skills of 63 Taiwanese MPS patients (median age, 13 years 3 months; range, 3-20 years) from January 2012 to December 2018. Results Mean total WeeFIM score was 75.4 of a potential score of 126. Mean total WeeFIM scores of each type (MPS I, MPS II, MPS IIIB, MPS IVA, and MPS VI) were 103.8, 76.2, 41.6, 92.2, and 113.6, respectively. Mean scores for self-care, mobility, and cognition domains were 30 (maximum 56), 23 (maximum 35), and 22 (maximum 35), respectively. MPS type IIIB patients had the lowest scores in self-care, mobility, cognition, and total domains compared to other types of MPS. All patients with ERT in MPS I, II, and IVA had higher scores in self-care and mobility domains than patients without ERT. Most patients required assistance for self-care skills, especially in grooming and bathing. Conclusion MPS patients require support and supervision in self-care tasks. For cognition tasks, MPS IIIB patients also require help. This questionnaire is useful to identify the strengths and limitations of MPS patients.
How to test an insider trading law and its effectiveness: Price movements and comparative empirical data from Taiwan
(2019-03-01)
Lin, Chien-Chung
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Wu, Huan-Ting
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科技法律學院
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College of Law
Successfully enforcing insider trading law, as well as determining the effectiveness of that enforcement, is one of the quandaries of securities law. The main reason for this perplexity is that there is no tally of how many illegal trading activities are actually taking place. To solve this problem, this study proposes to use pre-announcement price run-up as a proxy for measuring the effectiveness of an insider trading law. After examining mergers and acquisitions data from Taiwan's Financial Supervisory Commission from 2003 to 2016 and adjusting for market effect, we arrive at an average cumulative abnormal return of 6.62% before the official announcement of the events. This constitutes a 58.9% run-up compared with the post-announcement price increase. This investigation is important because it is the first to suggest an objectively empirical observation that approximates the overall size of illegal insider trading activities in a market. This method could serve as a sensitive tool for measuring temporal changes brought about by different legal arrangements within a single country or for measuring comparatively across different legal regimes. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Evaluating Ancillary Business Scale for PPP-BOT Projects: A Social Housing BOT Case in Taiwan
(2019-03-01)
Huang, Chih-Yao
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Dzeng, Ren-Jye
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土木工程學系
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Department of Civil Engineering
Due to budgetary constraints, the government releases the right to ancillary business development for private investors to increase profits in PPP projects. However, the ancillary business scale is not specified in the regulations, and there is little relevant research on modeling the scale. Thus, our research aims to create a model with mathematical analysis to evaluate the ancillary business scale. The model is constructed based on the discounted cash flow model to calculate the ancillary business scale attracting private investors with a case study of a social housing project. For this case, the calculated ancillary business minimum scale (ratio of ancillary business to project in total floor area) based on the 7-year (2009-2016) and 17-year (2000-2016) data are 30.81% and 52.79%, respectively; neither is able to meet the scale listed in the tender condition regulated by the government, i.e., 25%. Moreover, this study performs a sensitivity analysis on the expected rate of return and rent discount of the case. The government needs to raise the proportion of ancillary businesses or to increase the rent of social housing to successfully attract private investors.
GOLDEN SNAIL OPERA: The More-Than-Human Performance of Friendly Farming on Taiwan's Lanyang Plain
(2016-11-01)
Tsai, Yen-Ling
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Carbonell, Isabelle
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Chevrier, Joelle
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Tsing, Anna Lowenhaupt
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交大名義發表
Combining video and performance-oriented text, this genre -bending o-pen la is cm multispecies enactment of experimental natural history. Our players consider the golden treasure snail (kim pi Pomacea canaliculata and relatives; golden apple snail), first imported to Taiwan free Argentina in 1979 for an imagined escargot industry, but now a major pest of rice agriculture in Taiwan and across Where()s farmers in the Green Revolution's legacy use poison to exterminate snails, a new generation of friendly, farmers ( youshan xiaonono in Taiwan's Man snails and attempt to learn enough about their lives to insert: farming as one among many multispecies life ways within the paddy. Drawing on a variety if sources, including personal experience, international science, social media, traditional calendars, and local understandings of ghosts and deities, these farmers construct an experimental natural history of both new and old paddy field denizens. Their experiments self-consciously intersect with the investigations made by other species of the paddy field. Our article offers an ethnography cif both kinds of experiments, human and nonhuman. Video and text together show the performative features of cross-species acquaintance. In the process, we contribute to debates about radical alteriv, showing how anthropologists can do more than sort for difference: we can identify vernacular patches of practice that mix and juxtapose many ontological alternatives.
Facilitating the implementation and efficacy of health-promoting schools via an action-research approach in Taiwan
(2014-06-01)
Chang, Fong-Ching
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Liu, Chieh-Hsing
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Liao, Li-Ling
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Niu, Yu-Zhen
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Cheng, Chi-Chia
Taiwan launched its evidence-based health-promoting school (HPS) program via an action-research approach in 2010. The program featured a collaborative partnership between schools, local education authorities and university support networks. This study was focused on examining whether an HPS action-research approach was effective in advancing HPS implementation, perceived HPS impact and perceived HPS efficacy in Taiwan. In 2011, questionnaires were sent to 900 sample schools in Taiwan. A total of 621 schools returned the questionnaire, including 488 primary schools and 133 middle schools. The response rate was 69%. This study compared the difference in HPS implementation status, perceived HPS impact and perceived HPS efficacy between those schools that had implemented action-research HPS (138 schools) and those that had not (483 schools). The univariate analysis results indicated that the HPS implementation levels for components that included school health policies, physical environment, social environment, teaching activities and school-community relations were significantly higher in action-research schools than in non-action-research schools. Teachers in action-research schools reported significantly higher levels of HPS impact and HPS efficacy than non-action-research schools. The multivariate analysis results indicated that after controlling for school level and HPS funding, the HPS action-research approach was significantly positively related to greater levels of HPS implementation, perceived HPS impact and perceived HPS efficacy.
Short-Time Geodetic Determination of Aquifer Storage Coefficient in Taiwan
(2018-12-01)
Chen, Kuan-Hung
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Hwang, Cheinway
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Chang, Liang-Cheng
;
Ke, Chien-Chung
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土木工程學系
Specific yield (S-y) and specific storage (S-s) are two hydrogeological parameters often estimated in a costly pumping test (hydraulic method). Pumping or a natural aquifer recession can cause gravity change and surface deformation, useful for S-y and S-s determination by the more economic geodetic method. From 2013 to 2017, over a few days we measured gravity changes at four sites and subsidence at one site in Taiwan by a FG5 gravimeter and a precision level to estimate S-y and S-s. Using short-time gravity and level records avoids complicated logistic supports and temporal effects. The measured gravity changes are associated with the MODFLOW-modeled groundwater depletion. We succeeded in estimating S-y at two sites and failed at the other two. One successful case uses rapid postrain declines of gravity and groundwater level. We did leveling only at one site, but here the 500-min, continuous, submillimeter subsidence records result in a S-s consistent with the hydraulic result. Lessons on the failed cases of S-y are suggested to avoid disrupting factors in gravity surveys. A semiautomatic leveling procedure is proposed to maximize the chance for S-s determination. Our simulations show that gravity changes increase with S-y and decrease with initial hydraulic head and horizontal gravimeter-pumping well distance, helping to predict if the gravity-based method works at a site and to best plan a gravity survey. Drilling data show that the S-y values from the hydraulic and geodetic methods represent aquifer storage coefficients over different aquifer layers. Plain Language Summary A pumping test extracts groundwater from a well to estimate an aquifers storage coefficients, based on measurements of the groundwater lowering rate during pumping. But pumping can also lower gravity values and deform the surface. After a heavy rain stops, the aquifer level can rapidly decline to lower gravity values. We measure such gravity changes and surface deformations to determine hydrogeological parameters critical to understanding aquifer storage capacity and managing groundwater resource.
The effect of estate tax change on the controlling shareholding structure and corporate value of family firms
(2019-01-01)
Yeh, Yin-Hua
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Liao, Chen-Chieh
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資訊管理與財務金融系註：原資管所+財金所
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Department of Information Management and Finance
Manuscript type: Empirical Research question/issue: Estate tax planning has always been a primary concern of large shareholders when arranging the controlling shareholding structure of family firms. This paper provides evidence on the effect of a drastic change in estate tax on the shareholding structure of family-controlled firms in Taiwan, as well as the impact of these changes on the firms' corporate value. We examine a 2008 policy change in Taiwan that substantially reduced the estate tax from a maximum rate of 50% to a single tax rate of 10%. Research findings/insights: We analyze a 12-year period from 2002 to 2014 looking at data of family-controlled, listed companies with IPOs prior to 2001. The empirical results reveal a reduced motivation among controlling families to circumvent estate tax through altering the shareholding structure after the law change. The results also reveal a positive impact on firm value as a result of the reduction in the tax burden of controlling families. These findings contribute to the family firm and tax literature and provide insight into the effects of tax policy change on the controlling structure of family firms and the consequent benefits on firm value. Theoretical/academic implications: To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first empirical study that establishes a significant relationship between estate tax and tax-avoidance behaviors reflected in the change of the shareholding structure of a family firm. Many research topics linking estate tax with other corporate governance issues in family firms are here unexplored. Practitioner/policy implications: For the policymaker, this study highlights the increase of firm value due to a reduction in the estate tax rate. Moreover, a tax-friendly environment can help the controlling family commit themselves to the proper management of the firm instead of expending effort on tax minimization to safeguard their wealth.

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