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Miniaturized and Large-Division-Ratio Ring Coupler Using Novel Transmission-Line Elements
(2014-01-01)
Ho, Kuan-Lin
;
Chi, Pei-Ling
;
電機資訊學士班
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Undergraduate Honors Program of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
In this letter, a novel transmission-line element that is able to exhibit a high-impedance passband is proposed and applied for coupler realization with a large power division ratio. The analysis of the transmission-line element was conducted by its equivalent circuit model and the closed-form equations for the pole and zero frequencies of the effective impedance were derived to help control the passband impedance and phase responses by the lumped parameters. The high-impedance feature of the presented artificial line was exploited to experimentally develop a 12 dB ring coupler, which occupies only 29% footprint of the conventional coupler at 3.5 GHz. Experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation data.
Dual-Mode Ring Resonator Bandpass Filter With Asymmetric Inductive Coupling and Its Miniaturization
(2012-09-01)
Lin, Tsu-Wei
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Kuo, Jen-Tsai
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Chung, Shyh-Jong
;
傳播研究所
;
Institute of Communication Studies
Dual-mode ring resonator filters are implemented with asymmetric inductive perturbation for creating transmission zeros on both sides of the passband. In analysis, dependence of the resonance modes and the zeros on positions and sizes of both the inductive and capacitive perturbations is investigated. Under certain conditions, the even- and odd-mode frequencies for a capacitively perturbed ring are the same as the odd and even ones, respectively, for a ring with inductive perturbation. Theoretical background is clearly explained how the two transmission zeros are split up from the center frequency. Two dual-mode ring resonator filters are fabricated and measured for demonstration. To obtain a miniaturized circuit area, the 1-lambda ring trace is folded into a double-ring or spiral configuration. The inductive perturbation is chosen as the crossover and implemented by a short high-impedance coplanar waveguide interconnection in the ground plane of the microstrip. Measurement results show good agreement with the simulation responses.
Compact Zeroth-Order Resonant Antenna Based on Dual-Arm Spiral Configuration
(2012)
Liu, Chun-Chih
;
Chi, Pei-Ling
;
Lin, Yu-De
;
電機工程學系
;
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
A miniaturized and zeroth-order resonant composite right/left-handed (CRLH) antenna based on dual-arm spiral structure is presented. The proposed dual-arm spiral unit cell is able to implement and tailor the CRLH lumped elements easily in a compact fashion. Particularly, the gap coupling between the spiral arms contributes to the series capacitance C-L and the metallic via-hole at the end of one arm results in the shunt inductance L-L. The resonant frequency and thus the miniaturization factor can be simply engineered by the spiral parameters that determine the corresponding circuit elements. The proposed CRLH antenna is composed of two unit cells, each of which occupies only 0.066 lambda(0) x 0.053 lambda(0) at the operating frequency. From the experimental results, this compact antenna exhibits the dipole-like radiation patterns and has a peak gain of -0.53 dBi. The measured and simulated results are provided, and good agreement is achieved.
Miniaturized Ring Coupler with Arbitrary Power Divisions Based on the Composite Right/Left-Handed Transmission Lines
(2012-04-01)
Chi, Pei-Ling
;
電機工程學系
;
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
A novel and miniaturized ring coupler capable of presenting arbitrary power divisions is proposed using the composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission lines. The unbalanced CRLH transmission lines that can be easily tailored to implement transmission lines of high or low Bloch impedance are applied to enhance the coupler's capability of arbitrary power divisions. To support our idea, a ring coupler that offers a 6 dB power division ratio and occupies only 44% of the conventional footprint was experimentally realized. Experimental results agree well with the simulation data. The proposed CRLH configuration demonstrates an alternative for implementing a compact ring coupler with arbitrary power division ratios.
New Miniaturized Dual-Band Rat-Race Coupler With Microwave C-Sections
(2009)
Chiou, Yi-Chyun
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Kuo, Jen-Tsai
;
Chan, Chi-Hung
;
電信工程研究所
;
Institute of Communications Engineering
Based on microwave C-sections, rat-race coupler is designed to have a dual-band characteristic and a miniaturized area. The C-section together with two transmission line sections attached to both of its ends is synthesized to realize a phase change of 90 degrees at the first frequency, and 270 degrees at the second passband. The equivalence is established by the transmission line theory, and transcendental equations are derived to determine its structure parameters. Two circuits are realized in this presentation; one is designed at 2.45/5.2 GHz and the other at 2.45/5.8 GHz. The latter circuit occupies only 31% of the area of a conventional hybrid ring at the first band. It is believed that this circuit has the best size reduction for microstrip dual-band rat-race couplers in open literature. The measured results show good agreement with simulation responses.
Periodic stepped-impedance ring resonator (PSIRR) bandpass filter with a miniaturized area and desirable upper stopband characteristics
(2006-03-01)
Kuo, JT
;
Tsai, CY
;
電信工程研究所
;
Institute of Communications Engineering
A periodic stepped-impedance ring resonator (PSIRR) is proposed to design dual-mode bandpass filters with a miniaturized area and desirable upper stopband characteristics. Design parameters of a PSIRR include impedance ratio R of the hi-Z to low-Z sections, their lengths, and number of impedance steps 2N. The resonant characteristics of PSIRRs with various N and R values are investigated by both the transmission-line theory and electromagnetic simulation. Proper choice of the above parameters leads to an optimal reduction of circuit area and extension of upper rejection bandwidth. Two extra transmission zeros exist in the upper stopband and are tunable via changing the arm lengths of the line-to-ring coupling structure. Realized by the standard microstrip technology, the dual-mode PSIRR bandpass filter has not only the first spurious response at higher than 3.7 x the passband frequency, but also, an area reduction of better than 60% against a conventional ring filter. Experimental results of several fabricated circuits validate the analysis and theoretical prediction.
Miniaturized rat race coupler with suppression of spurious passband
(2007-01-01)
Kuo, Jen-Tsai
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Wu, Juo-Shiuan
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Chiou, Yi-Chyun
;
電信工程研究所
;
Institute of Communications Engineering
A new hybrid ring coupler design is devised for circuit miniaturization based on the periodic stepped-impedance ring resonator structure. The circuit has an area of 21.5 % of a conventional rat race coupler and no passband up to the sixth harmonic of the design frequency. The designs are validated by comparing measured four-port parameters with the simulated results.
Miniaturized Dual-Band Hybrid Couplers With Arbitrary Power Division Ratios
(2009-01-01)
Hsu, Ching-Luh
;
Kuo, Jen-Tsai
;
Chang, Chin-Wei
;
電信工程研究所
;
Institute of Communications Engineering
Branch-line and rat-race couplers are designed to have dual-band operation with arbitrary power division ratios. An elementary two-port is proposed to imitate the 90 degrees section at the two designated frequencies with different characteristic impedances. The two-port consists of a stepped-impedance section with open stubs attached to its two ends, and its circuit parameters are determined by the transmission line theory. The use of the stepped-impedance sections also leads to circuit miniaturization. By the standard microstrip technology., investigated also includes the realizable power division ratios and circuit bandwidths in the two bands, the upper limit of the ratio of the two designated frequencies and the miniaturization factor of the proposed circuit. Hybrid couplers operating at 2.45/5.2 GHz with various power division ratios are designed, fabricated and tested. Experiment results are compared with the theory and simulation.
Miniaturized rat race coupler with microstrip-to-CPW broadside-coupled structure and stepped-impedance sections
(2007)
Kuo, Jen-Tsai
;
Chiou, Yi-Chyun
;
Wu, Juo-Shiuan
;
電信工程研究所
;
Institute of Communications Engineering
Miniaturization of microstrip rat race coupler is implemented by incorporating a broadside-coupled structure and stepped-impedance line sections into the design. The former is used to replace the 3 lambda/4-section and the latter is to substitute the lambda/4-line in the conventional circuit. No lumped-element is required in the circuit. One of the experimental circuits occupies only 18.3% of the area of a traditional 6 lambda/4-rat race. It is believed that it has the best size reduction in comparison with those in open literature. In addition to a wideband characteristic, total inband power loss is better than 3.2%. Measurement results are shown to validate the design and theoretical prediction.
Design of dual-band microstrip rat race coupler with circuit miniaturization
(2007)
Hsu, Ching-Luh
;
Chang, Chin-Wei
;
Kuo, Jen-Tsai
;
電信工程研究所
;
Institute of Communications Engineering
Rat race ring coupler with stepped-impedance sections is designed to have a dual-band characteristic. This is realized by attaching open stubs to both ends of each stepped-impedance section to create a phase of 90 degrees at two designated frequencies. Transcendental equations are derived for solving impedance ratio R and lengths of the stepped-impedance sections. Circuit with miniaturized area can be obtained if R > 1. is chosen. Such microstrip ring hybrids operating at 2.45/5.2 GHz with R = 1 and R = 4 are designed and fabricated. Experiments are performed to confirm the theory.

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