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Now showing 1 - 10 of 12
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    Low-temperature CVD growth of carbon nanotubes for field emission application
    (2007-03-01)
    Chen, Kuang-Chung
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    Chen, Chia-Fu
    ;
    Lee, Jen-Hao
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    Wu, Tai-Lin
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    Hwang, Chian-Liang
    For field emission application, carbon nanotube emitters were synthesized on catalyst-mixed thick-film electrode lower than 500 degrees C by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. Mixtures of Ni/tetraethyl silicate (TEOS) and conducting Ag powders were applied to fabricate the electrode by screen-printing processes. These processes are simple, low cost and easy to scale up for large sized panels. The field emission properties performed uniform emission image and high brightness (no less than 500 nits). The turn-on electric field was about 3.85 V/mu m with an emission current destiny of 10 mu A/cm(2), and the achieved current density was 1 mA/cm(2) driven by 5 V/mu m. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Characteristic of an innovative TiO2/Fe-0 composite for treatment of azo dye
    (2007-12-01)
    Huang, Chihpin
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    Hsieh, Wen-Pin
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    Pan, Jill Ruhsing
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    Chang, Sue-Min
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    環境工程研究所
    The major problem for Fe-0 application is the degradation of performance as time due to the formation of a surface oxide layer and that for TiO2, is the limit of the efficiency due to the recombination phenomenon. To overcome the problems as well as to improve the performance, our laboratory has been inventing a novel catalyst, which was developed by coating synthesized sol-gel-derived TiO2 nanoparticles onto the surface of Fe-0. This composite was employed on the degradation of azo dye (Acid Black-24) in the aqueous solution. Results from XPS, XRD and FE-SEM analysis indicated that the laboratory-prepared nanoscale TiO2/Fe-0 material is a composite of TiO2 and Fe-0. The nanoscale TiO2/Fe-0 composite with UV irradiation can efficiently decolour and reduce TOC from the simulated wastewater containing Acid Black-24. The efficiency of the TiO2/Fe-0 composite with UV irradiation on AB-24 reduction is much more efficient than microscale, and nanoscale Fe-0 and TiO2 particle (P-25). The evidence shows that TiO2 particles by sol-gel process were coated on the Fe-0 particles surface, which is attributed to the longer life cycle of Fe-0 reactivity. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Effect of Depositing Tin Oxide Thin Film in Liquid Phase and Dip-Coating Cu and Au Catalysts on H2S Gas-Sensing Performance
    (2008-01-01)
    Chiou, Jin-Chern
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    Tsai, Sheng-Wei
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    Liu, Ya-Shu
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    Huang, Chen-Tang
    ;
    電控工程研究所
    In this study, unlike conventional methods used to grow gas sensor films, a liquid-phase deposition method was used to deposit fluorine-doped tin oxide as the sensing material of a gas sensor. Furthermore, silica was doped into the film as an inhibitor to prevent the grain growth of tin oxide during the calcination process. This structure can be used to improve the sensitivity of a H,S sensor. By adding a moderate quantity of copper and gold catalysts on the surface of film, the sensitivity can be dramatically improved.
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    Effect of Fe2+ on catalytic oxidation in a fluidized bed reactor
    (1999-11-01)
    Chou, SS
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    Huang, CP
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    Huang, YH
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    環境工程研究所
    ;
    Institute of Environmental Engineering
    The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Fe2+ on the catalytic oxidation in the fluidized-bed reactor (FBR) applying supported gamma-FeOOH as the carrier. Processes without Fe2+ addition and with Fe2+ addition (FBR-Fenton method) were performed on the oxidation of benzoic acid (BA) by H2O2. When Fe2+ was not added in the FBR, the high COD removal at low pH was caused by homogeneous catalysis of Fe2+ formed via reductive dissolution of gamma-FeOOH. In the FBR-Fenton process, both mineralization of organics and crystallization of Fe(III) were simultaneously well performed under adequate condition. The reaction mechanism, including the reductive dissolution and crystallization of gamma-FeOOH as well as the oxidation of BA, was proposed based on the experimental results. (C)1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Effects of the catalyst pretreatment on CO2 sensors made by carbon nanotubes
    (2008-04-01)
    Huang, C. S.
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    Huang, B. R.
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    Hsiao, C. H.
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    Yeh, C. Y.
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    Huang, C. C.
    A novel CO2 sensor was made by carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The CNTs were synthesized by catalystic thermal chemical vapour deposition at 700 degrees C. Prior to the synthesis, the Fe catalysts were pretreated by H-2 plasma for different times. Two terminal resistance of the as-grown CNTs mat was measured under different CO2 concentrations. It was found that without the catalyst pretreatment, the sensitivity was about 4% when the CNTs mat was exposed to 800 mTorr CO2 concentration. However, with various catalyst pretreatment times of 5, 10, 15 and 20 min, the sensitivity was 3.69%, 6.27%, 9.54%, and 12.1%, respectively. The Raman spectroscopy showed the I-D/I-G decreased from 0.668 to 0.539 as the catalyst pretreatment time increased. The XPS also showed the correlation of surface chemical components with the Raman spectroscopy. The Fe catalyst H-2 plasma pretreatment affected both the graphitization and surface binding sites of CNTs. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Effects of substrate pretreatments and catalyst applications on Si-C-N films and nanotube formations
    (2001-12-01)
    Chang, HL
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    Kuo, CT
    ;
    材料科學與工程學系
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    Department of Materials Science and Engineering
    The Si-C-N films were synthesized on Si substrates by a microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) system with CH4, H-2 and N-2 as the source gases. Metal coating on Si columns were placed around the specimen and acted as catalyst and additional source of Si. Some of the Si substrates were mechanically polished or chemically etched with HF-KIO3-H2O solutions to obtain different surface roughness before film depositions. Effects of the substrate pretreatment and the action of catalysts on surface morphologies, compositions, band structure, field emission of the films were examined. Nanotubes or nanowires structures were found for films deposited on no-treatment substrate using Fe, Co and Pt catalysts. However, chemical etching substrate can enhance formation of crystals and film nucleation with or without the addition of catalyst. This was the first work to demonstrate the possibility of fabricating the Si-C-N nanotubes through use of the catalysts and by controlling the deposition conditions by MPCVD. Under the present deposition conditions and by using Fe catalyst, the lowest turn-on voltage of the films can be as low as 1.3 V/mum, while the corresponding emission current density at field strength of 20 V/mum can go beyond 2000 muA/cm(2).
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    Hot filament for in situ catalyst supply in the chemical vapor deposition growth of carbon nanotubes
    (2002-01-15)
    Chen, CF
    ;
    Lin, CL
    ;
    Wang, CM
    ;
    材料科學與工程學系
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    Department of Materials Science and Engineering
    A simplified chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method is described for in situ synthesis of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The synthesis apparatus is similar to, that used to deposit CVD diamond. However, an Fe-Cr wire is selected and coiled as the filament to grow nanotubes. The tubes crow because the filament acts as both a heat source for pyrolysis, and a source of metal for the catalyst. The evaporated metal atoms can be considered to catalyze the growth of carbon nanotubes. The system has the potential to inexpensively synthesize large amounts of nanotubes continuously by combining physical and chemical vapor deposition.
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    Feasibility studies of magnetic particle-embedded carbon nanotubes for perpendicular recording media
    (2003-03-01)
    Kuo, CT
    ;
    Lin, CH
    ;
    Lo, AY
    ;
    材料科學與工程學系
    ;
    Department of Materials Science and Engineering
    Nano-sized magnetic particles were successfully used as the catalysts to synthesize magnetic metal-encapsulated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or nanoparticles on Si wafers in a microwave plasma electron cyclotron resonance chemical vapor deposition (ECR-CVD) system with CH4 and/or H-2 as source gases. The magnetic catalyst materials, including Fe-Pt, Co-Pt, Nd2Fe14B, Fe and Fe-Ni, were first deposited on Si wafers by a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method, with subsequent plasma treatment for nanoparticle transformation. The main process parameters include catalyst materials, hydrogen plasma catalyst pretreatment and deposition temperature. For applications in magnetic media, the process has the following advantages: perpendicularly aligned CNTs or nanoparticles; tip-growth CNTs; well-distributed magnetic particles; detectable magnetic field in each particle; high tube number density (up to 134 Gtubes/inch(2) for Fe-assisted CNTs); favorable catalyst size; higher shape and induced anisotropy; and nanostructures that can be manipulated. The catalyst particle sizes of Fe, Nb2Fe14B and Fe-Pt (35-40 mn in diameter) are uniform and greater than but close to the critical optimum size or single domain size, which favor a higher coercive force. The greatest coercive force can reach 750 Oe for Fe-assisted CNTs at a deposition temperature of 715 degreesC, which is comparable with values reported in the literature. The coercive force difference between the vertical and horizontal directions can reach 300 Oe for Fe-assisted CNTs, and 355 Oe for Nb2Fe14B-assisted CNTs. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Destruction of styrene in an air stream by packed dielectric barrier discharge reactors
    (2005-12-01)
    Chang, CL
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    Bai, HL
    ;
    Lu, SJ
    ;
    環境工程研究所
    ;
    Institute of Environmental Engineering
    This study presents the decomposition rates of styrene vapors with non-packed and packed bed dielectric barrier discharge reactors. The concentrations of intermediate byproducts at various plasma operation conditions were evaluated. The results showed that although styrene vapors could be almost completely removed at low styrene inlet concentration of 132 ppm, the selectivity of CO2 as the major product was rather low in a non-packed bed reactor. It was found that solid carbon containing compound was the major byproduct. An increase in the styrene inlet concentration tended to reduce the styrene removal efficiency, it also led to increase in the solid byproduct. The reactors that packed with glass, Al2O3 or Pt-Pd /Al2O3 pellets could improve the styrene decomposition efficiency and reduce the formation of intermediate products, of which the best oxidation of styrene to CO2 could be achieved with a Pt-Pd /Al2O3 packed bed reactor. The carbon byproducts could also be reduced if the rector length was increased. The concentrations of ozone formed during the plasma process were also evaluated for the non-packed and packed bed reactors. The plasma reactor that packed with Pt-Pd /Al2O3 pellets was proved to have the lowest O-3 concentration.
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    Rapid and homogeneous dispersion of pt catalyst particles on multi-walled carbon nanotubes by temperature-controlled microwave polyol method
    (2008-04-01)
    Chen, Chieng-Ming
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    Chen, Mi
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    Yu, Hung-Wei
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    Lu, Su-Chen
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    Chen, Chia-Fu
    Fuel cells, particularly direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), have great potential as mobile power sources. It has been extensively reported that the DMFC performance strongly depends on the electrode catalyst, and many research groups have focused on the preparation of high efficiency cathode catalysts using all types of metal nanoparticle and support. However, most of these methods are either time-consuming with multiple-steps or there is low loading of the nanocatalyst dispersed on the supports. In this study, platinum nanoparticles of uniform diameter (approximately 4.3 nm) were efficiently dispersed on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by the temperature-control led, microwave-assisted polyol method with the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and [poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)] (PVP). The addition of SDS and PVP in chloroplatinic acid/ethylene glycol (EG) solution can cause the efficient and homogeneous dispersion of the catalyst particles on MWCNTs, enhance the adsorption of platinum particles, and reduce the residue of platinum particles. Moreover, temperature was determined to be the most important factor affecting the reduction of Pt in the process, and large amounts of Pt particles were characterized when the temperature ranged from 140 to 160 degrees C. The results indicate that the optimum temperature ranges from 140 to 160 degrees C, and that the loading amount of Pt/CNTs can reach more than 50 wt % in only 90 s of processing time. The significant improvements in dispersion and loading are due to the ability of SDS, to wrap the PVP-stabilized Pt nanoparticles around the surface of the carbon nanotubes. The characterization analyses were conducted by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and thermal gravinnetric analysis (TGA).