尋路能力與道路環境對尋路效率影響之研究

Abstract

「尋路效率」表示一個人在尋找目的地的過程中所花費時間的長短與走錯路次數的 多寡。低落的尋路效率不但會浪費時間與金錢，延誤救護與救災的時機，更可能因急於 找路、產生焦慮而造成危險。尋路效率受個人之尋路能力與道路環境兩種因素所影響， 個人之尋路能力因素包含了方向感、對環境之熟悉度與尋路策略之使用，而道路環境因 素則包含了建築密度、地標與道路格局。 本研究透過尋路能力量表之建立，並發展尋路效率的量測指標，配合不同之道路環 境條件進行實驗，除可了解不同道路用路人之尋路能力差異外，更可檢視不同道路環境 對尋路效率之影響效果。本研究之理論探討與實證研究結果，除可供道路設計與資訊提 供之參考，亦可建立標準化之道路指引說明，提升民眾講解路線與理解道路資訊之能力。

Way finding efficiency of one person, which is used to describe how quickly one can reach his seeking destination safely, is determined not only by the complexity of road environment, but also by one’s way finding ability. Low way finding efficiency will not only waste the time and money, delay the opportune moment of relieving an injured person, sick person, or victims of a disaster, but also produce the impatience and anxiety of way finding and bring the danger to driving. Furthermore, one’s way finding ability is composed of his sense of direction, familiarity of the environment, and using of way finding strategies. And the complexity road environment is affected by the density of the buildings, the land mark, and the pattern of the road. This study is conducted to design a questionnaire to measure the way finding ability of road users, develop an approach to measure the way finding efficiency, and apply different road environments to explore how they affect people’s way finding efficiency. A face-to-face interview is then designed to collect the required data for empirical study and the item response theory (IRT) is applied to estimate the parameters of item difficulties and persons’ way finding abilities. The study results will not only provide the information about how the people are suffering from finding their ways when seeking their destinations, but also help the engineers to guide the road users with appropriate information and facilities.