以衝擊波理論推導最佳觸控號誌時制

Abstract

為了紓解交通壅塞，本研究將提出在單一時相中，如何控制觸控號誌系統之綠燈通行時間及紅燈停等時間，以提升用路人用路之最大效益，並進而推廣至多時相系統，使得總體壅塞情形降至最低。目前國內均採用號誌系統來控制流量，但未能有效計算各個時相之最適紅燈時間及綠燈時間，無法有效控管流量。因此，為了提升國內的研發能力，更為了紓解國內在交通尖峰時間之嚴重壅塞情況，本計畫將建立於衝擊波理論之上，以衝擊波分析找出下週期的最佳號誌週期，改良觸動式號誌控制系統的效率。以路徑(Path)為分析對象，考量多點連鎖，使鄰近路口之連鎖效益佳，並增加停滯門檻值設定之控制機制，用來反映路口擁塞或事故情況所造成的綠燈時間運轉效能不彰問題，以有無車訊息為分析基礎，不須區分 車種，故對機車、行人流量均具備反應能力。本計畫最終能以偵測器數量少的優勢，使得多時相路口塞車效能佳，且可因應即時的交通流量變化調整號誌，因此俱備事故反應能力、機車反應能力，考量整體決策，期能有效改善交通壅塞情況。

This study proposed an optimal actuated signal timing strategy using shockwave theory to maximize the benefits of road users. Signal control is wide implemented to control the road traffic; however, dynamic optimal timing for actuated signal had not been proposed to optimize the traffic on intersections. In order to relief the congestion on peak hours, shockwave analysis is introduced to improve the efficiency of actuated signal. Contrast to the ordinary studies, critical paths of the intersections are introduced to enhance the performance. Three new parameters, include moving, stopped and empty, are also discussed to analyze the shockwaves of the intersection. The proposed algorithm would be suitable for real-time actuated signal control strategy especially for congested intersections.