從多國網路內容管制政策談台灣網路規範努力方向

Abstract

網路傳散快速與跨距離的特性，使網路成為資訊流通的新興媒介，但近年來，網路刊載內容所衍生出來問題，逐漸影響到現實的秩序，因此網路內容的規範與管理已被各國政府與組織重視。目前世界各國對於網路內容的管理分為：強制性的立法介入與勸導性的自律規範。新加坡、德國、澳洲與中國是以獨立的法律來管制網路內容的刊載，為世界上少數以政府公權力直接介入網路內容的管制國家；有鑑於網路媒體的特性，許多國家仍不願意介入網路內容的管制，而採尊重網路使用者的分級制度與業者自律規範。本文綜合各國政府與團體組織之規範與政策，使台灣面對網路內容管理問題上，能夠兼顧網路發展特性、網路使用者素質與政府公權力，來促進網路內容管理的公平與正義。

Fast dissemination and distance annihilating are the characteristics of Internet, and they make the Internet became a new media for information circulation. In recent years, there have been many problems evolved from the Internet content and those problems have gradually influenced the real world. Therefore, many organizations and governments have already paid much attention to the Internet content. There are two kinds of rules for the Internet content: coercive censor and inductive self-regulation. Singapore, Germany, Australia and Mainland China are the rare countries which have special laws to directly censor Internet contents. Because of the characteristics of Internet media, there are still many countries unwilling to get involved in controlling Internet content and expecting a self-regulation of the users. In this article, we review internet policies from many governments and organizations and conclude by suggesting our government to consider the quality of users, freedom of speech, and fairness of internet content when managing Internet content.