於教學互動中偵測學生心流狀態：以線性代數教學系統為例

Abstract

過去有許多的研究指出，專注力有助於學生的學習。由 Csikszentmihalyi 所提出的心流理論恰好與專注力有所相關，此理論認為專注力的高低與學生在學習過程中所感受到的挑戰難度以及自身的技能有相關，只有當挑戰與技能達成平衡時，才會達到所謂的心流狀態，此時才會有較好的專注力。本研究的目的為設計一個以線性代數為主題的教學活動讓學生參與其中，並在過程中了解學生的心流狀態，而教學的環境則是採用智慧型教學系統-電腦輔助的方式經由網頁達到一對一的教學。此外，亦紀錄學生與系統互動所產生的資訊用以之後的分析並使用機器學習的技術找出與心流相關的屬性和模型。結果也顯示，學生的心流狀態也 會影響到鍵盤與滑鼠之間的使用。整體來說，鍵盤與滑鼠存在一些有助於心流研究的訊息，或許能提供心流研究新的觀點。

Many researchers indicate that the engagement helps learning better for students. Csikszentmihalyi proposed the flow theory is related with the engagement. The theory describes that the level of optimal experience depend on the students who perceived challenge of the task and their own skill. When the challenge and skill get balanced, student will be in flow and keep complete absorption or engagement in learning. This study design a scenario of pedagogical activity for students by a tutoring system and detect their flow condition during learning activity. The system take one to one tutoring by computer through the network. The information that students interact with system is also recorded for analyzing and modeling by machine learning technique. The finding of the relationship between mouse click duration and flow conditions also suggests that the students’ usage of standard input devices is a feature which may contain abundant information for developing future flow model.