台灣地區國際觀光旅館分項投入擁擠效率

Abstract

本篇研究利用以資料包絡分析法 (DEA) 為基礎的Tone and Sahoo (2004) 中的方法衡量2003年至2012年間台灣地區76家國際觀光旅館的分項投入擁擠效率。研究結果顯示，平均76家國際觀光旅館中擁擠效率為93.3%，在分項投入擁擠效率的研究中發現造成擁擠的主因為客房數及餐飲部門樓地板面積投入過多所致。接著，我們以Tobit迴歸探討國籍旅客 (本國、華僑、大陸、日本、亞洲、北美、歐洲、澳洲及其他國籍)、旅館所在地(台北、台中、高雄、桃竹苗、花蓮及其他地區)對擁擠效率的影響。2009年至2012年在國籍旅客方面，其他國籍旅客會顯著增進國際觀光旅館的擁擠效率值。在旅館所在地部分，位於台北、桃竹苗及高雄的旅館顯著降低擁擠效率值。個別旅客及旅館等級越高的星級旅館也可以提升旅館擁擠效率值。

This paper by using Tone and Sahoo’s model (2004), which is under the framework of data envelopment analysis (DEA) to measures the input congestion efficiency of 76 international tourist hotels (ITHs) in Taiwan during 2003 to 20012. The results show the 76 ITHs having an average of 93.3%, the number of guest rooms and total floor spaces of catering divisions are the main factors cause congestion by comparing each input congestion efficiency. We then use a Tobit regression to estimate the effects of tourist nationalities (local, overseas Chinese, Asian, Japanese, north-American, European, Australian, and other nation’s tourists) and hotel’s location (Taipei, Taichung, Kaohsiung, Taoyuan-Hsinchu-Miaoli, Hualien and the others) on ITHs’ congestion efficiency scores. Other nation’s tourists have a significantly positive effects on congestion efficiency. Locations in Taipei, Kaohsiung, Taoyuan, Hsinchu, and Miaoli worsen the congestion efficiency. Independent ownership and higher stars significantly improve an ITH’s congestion efficiency.