電動車窗最佳控制參數的探索

Abstract

本研究是使用C語言設計電動車窗控制程式，並將程式燒錄至駕駛座側車門控制開關總成內的微控制器(Microchip PIC16F1827)中來控制車窗做上升或下降運動。並利用車窗電機馬達的轉動，經過2顆霍爾感測器而產生的脈衝訊號來計算出車窗上升的速度，加速度以及上升速度的門檻值。最後再由車窗上升速度的門檻值求出每一A相霍爾脈衝訊號之時間參數。首先程式能夠讓車窗去學習上下極限點位置以獲得全行程的總脈衝訊號個數值以及A相脈衝訊號上緣間隔的時間。 車用電瓶提供給車窗電機馬達的電壓範圍是9至16V，實際上是12V。當電瓶提供車窗電機馬達的電壓為9V時，車窗上升速度的門檻值為40.98 rps，每一A相霍爾脈衝訊號上緣間隔的時間為0.0244秒。當電瓶提供車窗電機馬達的電壓為16V時，車窗上升速度的門檻值為107.52 rps，每一A相霍爾脈衝訊號上緣間隔的時間為0.0093秒。 當電瓶提供車窗電機馬達的電壓為9V時，車窗上升速度最慢，每一脈衝訊號週期最長，車窗上下全行程所獲得的總脈衝訊號個數值為252至255。若電瓶提供車窗電機馬達的電壓為16V時，車窗上升速度最快，每一脈衝訊號週期最短，車窗上下全行程所獲得的總脈衝訊號個數值為258至262。

The study used the C programming language to design the automotive power window control program. This software is programmed into a microprocessor (Microchip PIC16F1827) that is located inside the control switch assembly of the driver’s door to control the ascending and descending movements of the power window. In addition, using the rotation of the power window motor, pulse signals are generated by two Hall effect sensors to calculate the ascending speed, acceleration, and threshold value of the ascending speed. Subsequently, the time parameters for each A-phase pulse signals generated by the Hall effect sensors can be determined by the threshold value of the ascending speed of the window. First, the program needs to learn the extreme upper and lower positions of the window to obtain the total number of pulses and the time interval between the upper edges of A-phase pulses. The voltage provided by the car battery to the power window motor is between 9 and 16 V; in practice, it is 12 V. When the voltage supplied to the power window motor by the car battery is 9 V, the threshold value of the ascending speed of the window is 40.98 rps and the time interval between the upper edges of A-phase pulses is 0.0244 s. When the voltage supplied to the power window motor by the car battery is 16 V, the threshold value of the ascending speed of the window is 107.52 rps and the time interval between the upper edges of A-phase pulses is 0.0093 s. Furthermore, when the voltage supplied to the power window motor by the car battery is 9 V, the window ascending speed is the minimum. Moreover, each pulse signal cycle is at its longest duration. The total number of pulses for ascending and descending the window is between 252 and 255. However, if the voltage supplied to the power window motor is 16 V, the window ascending speed is at its fastest and each pulse signal cycle is at its shortest duration. The total number of pulses for ascending and descending the window is between 258 and 262.