電蝕/化成鋁箔產業最適中國投資區位決策模式之研究

Abstract

台灣產業結構於1980年代由勞力密集發展成資本及技術密集產業，台商也展開較大規模的海外投資（Foreign Direct Investment, FDI），而中國大陸擁有豐富的勞動力、廣大的內銷市場、低廉的土地成本和優惠稅賦等，係台灣電子產業外移投資的主要誘因。 主要被動元件中的鋁電解電容器所應用的關鍵材料-電蝕/化成鋁箔產業因應市場競爭也伴隨上游產業轉移中國大陸投資設廠；本研究乃以此關鍵材料-電蝕/化成鋁箔產業投資區位選擇為議題，先行分析個案L公司既有投資區位選擇決策模式，再以紫式決策分析架構 (UNISON Framework for Decision Analysis)，並採用多屬性簡易評估技術分析法 (SMARTER-ROC)作權衡影響決策之因素權重估計，研究電蝕/化成鋁箔產業赴中國投資區位選擇之主要影響因素、關聯特性及權數比重，探討電蝕/化成鋁箔產業在中國聚集區位投資及游牧搬遷式投資之原因，做為相關產業投資設廠的參考與借鏡，同時比較其優劣勢競爭因素，做為個案L公司營運決策之評估參考，以為決策準則依據，最後再比對個案L公司中國投資區位選擇規劃模型，作出最適化分析及求取最佳區位選擇評估架構，促使企業投資獲得最佳效益。

The industry structure of Taiwan transformed from Labor-intensive to capital and technology-intensive in 1980 period, also launched a large-scale foreign direct Investment. Mainland China has abundant labor, the majority of the domestic market, low land costs and favorable taxes policy; those are major incentives of Taiwan's electronics industry relocations. The industries provide etched/formed foils-the key material of the passive element Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor set up factories in mainland China due to the market competition. The industry investment location selection of key material- etched/formed foils is the topics of this study, analysis case L company existed decision-making model of location selection, using UNISON Framework for Decision Analysis and Simple Multi-Attribute Ranking Technique-Rank Order Centroid Weights (SMARTER-ROC) to evaluate the factors that influence the decision-making. Study the main factors, associated characteristics and weights proportion of the etched/formed foil industry selected China as the investment location, seeking the reasons of the industry focus investment in China and moving like Nomads, as the references for the related industries want to invest and set up new factories. Also compare advantages and disadvantages of competitive factors as the reference of operation decision making for the case L company. Finally compare the model of location selection of case L company to get the suitable analysis and the best location selection model to hope the enterprises obtain the best profits from the investment.