台灣壽險公司的效率評估：一階段隨機邊界分析模型之應用

Abstract

台灣的保險市場逐漸趨於成熟和飽和的狀態，2013年保險滲透度更達世界第一，消費者的行為模式隨著科技和網路的發展演變為過去被動到現今主動的角色。過去對於公司績效評估的研究主要著重在公司內部的資源配置和經營管理，由於消費行為模式的改變，本研究旨在探討外部消費面因素對於壽險公司經營管理的效率影響。研究採用Battese and Coelli (1995) 提出的一階段聯立隨機生產邊界與無效率方程式的方式以估計台灣24家壽險公司，時間範圍為2011到2013三年的經營效率，生產函數變數選擇為員工數、股東權益與負債作為生產函數的投入變數，產出變數則選擇保費收入，無效率方程式的環境變數選擇為：公司知名度、聲譽、兼職員工比例與公司規模。研究結果顯示公司知名度對於經營效率有顯著負向影響，公司聲譽與規模大小對於經營效率有顯著正向影響，兼職員工的比例則對公司經營效率則無顯著影響。

The insurance market in Taiwan has become mature and saturated. Market penetration even ranked the first in the world in 2013. Along with the development of technology and prevalence of Internet, the role of consumers has also evolved from the passive role in the past to the proactive role nowadays. Looking into past studies, researches were more focusing on the internal factors in companies, for example, allocation of resources or operation management. As the role of consumers has changed, this study aims to investigate the impact of factors of consumer side on the company operation efficiency. The one-stage SFA model of Battese and Coelli (1995) is adopted in this study to estimate the operation efficiency for the twenty-four life insurance firms in Taiwan from 2011 to 2013. The input factors are labor, equity and liability and the output factor is premium income. Moreover, the selected environmental factors are visibility, reputation, part-time workforce and firm scale. The results show that visibility has significantly negative impact on the firm efficiency. Reputation and scale have significantly positive relationship with firm efficiency. Part-time workforce does not have significant impact on the firm efficiency.