應用微光學元件於裸眼式立體顯示器生成漂浮三維影像

Abstract

在顯示器產品日趨進步的年代，許多技術的廣泛應用與潛力越來越受重視。隨著3D顯示器的日趨成熟，解析度與殘影問題(Crosstalk)不再是令人困擾的問題。在下一個世代中，如何提升使用者的立體感知、提供更舒適的視覺享受，將會是未來顯示科技的新目標。在一般3D顯示器與電影院中，所呈現在觀眾面前的皆是正視的立體影像，立體感知也相對較低。而近年來，科幻電影中的未來科技帶給人們許多視覺上的享受，例如電影鋼鐵人中，顯示在空中的資訊、與漂浮影像的互動，都讓人們存在著許多的憧憬。而在現今所有的漂浮顯示科技中，都因為其不便利性或成本高昂而被有所侷限。因此，為了讓3D漂浮顯示技術能廣泛的應用，利用方便且便宜的雙眼視差型3D顯示器於斜視角觀看3D影像，形成3D漂浮影像，增加一般正視觀看3D影像的深度感與立體感知，期望可以更廣泛應用，甚至於一般的家庭中。由於一般的正視3D顯示器應用於斜視時，會遇到許多的問題，例如：亮度大幅降低、殘影(Crosstalk)問題增加 … 等，都會造成影像品質較差的現象。因此，利用光學稜鏡片的設計，將一般的3D顯示器成功地運用在3D漂浮顯示上。由於將光柵式3D顯示器運用在多視圖(Multi-view)的影像上，較小的光柵開口率造成了使用者觀察到黑線的問題，而在所設計的特殊光柵中，我們也做了量測實驗，探討不同參數的光柵設計，所得到的效果。此研究也成功地將使用者所看到的黑條問題所解決。而3D漂浮顯示器不但能廣泛的運用在生活中，未來更能夠搭配互動系統將其運用在更多的地方。

With the rapid evolution of the display products, many technologies with a great potential and wide application will be attached importance for humans. The 3D display has been a very mature product; the resolution and crosstalk issue is no longer a troubling issue. In the next generation of 3D display, how to improve the stereoscopic perception and provide a more comfortable visual experience will be the future target of display technology. In conventional 3D display and cinema, the 3D image was emerged in front of the users, like a straight view zone. The stereoscopic perception is also relatively low. However, in recent years, the science fiction movies have many future technologies to bring people many impressive visual enjoyments, such as the movie Iron Man. In the movie Iron Man, the information and image display in the air and smooth interact with floating 3D images that also bring a great longing for human’s live. Nevertheless in nowadays, floating image confronts the issues on the inconvenience feature, limitation of application and the volumetric characteristic. The technology is not mature enough for the user-friendly requirement. Thus, how to let the floating 3D display technology can be widely used in general households, and apply the convenient and inexpensive displays to display the floating 3D images will be the focus of this thesis. In this thesis, we use the optical component to achieve the clear 3D image in oblique viewing angle on traditional binocular disparity into the floating 3D image. Thus, the definition of the floating image in this thesis is the observer can watch the corresponding 3D image in corresponding oblique viewing angle. The general monitor is applied in oblique angle that will encounter many problems, such as the significantly reduces of brightness, the blur (Crosstalk) problem increases ... etc. Therefore, the proposed micro-optical component, micro-prism, succeed to make the floating 3D image display in oblique viewing angle. In addition to this, the proposed special barrier design with zig-zag and arc shape structures also succeed to reduce the black stripe issue in parallax barrier display. We also discussed the different parameters in our measurement results. The proposed floating 3D display not only widely used in life, the interactive system will broad be used in the future.