紫質敏化與鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之元件最佳化研究

Abstract

本論文中分別對於紫質染料敏化和鈣鈦礦太陽能電池兩種元件進行最佳化。紫質染料敏化太陽能電池是藉由和暨南大學林敬堯教授合作，設計了兩種類型 Zn-Zn 和 Znic-free-base 雙紫質染料，同時為了進一步延伸染料吸光範圍則在兩個共振環中加入 anthracene 和 tetracen，將一系列的雙紫質染料 LDD1~LDD6 應用在染料敏化太陽能電池上，並且對於不同染料所適合的電解液添加物做測試。最佳化後染料 LDD1~LDD6 之元件分別能得到8.6 %、5.29 %、6.71 %、4.64 %、3.61 %和3.19 %的光電轉換效率。之後藉由染料共敏化的方式將紫質染料 LD14 和 LDD1 混合，增加了元件吸光範圍，使得原本單一染料LD14效率只有9.15 %，共敏化後提升至10.4 %。 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池則是使用了快速沉積結晶法製備出均勻鈣鈦礦薄膜，搭配溶劑退火法控制了鈣鈦礦結晶大小，n型鈣鈦礦太陽能電池最佳化了骨架層和電洞傳輸層厚度能得到15.47 %的元件效率，p型鈣鈦礦太陽能電池則是優化了電子傳輸層厚度和鈣鈦礦晶粒大小後，元件效率能從原本的8.25 %提升至10.92 %。 在無電洞傳輸層的碳電極鈣鈦礦太陽能電池最佳化中，討論了不同骨架層厚度以及加入散射層後對於元件的影響，最後則開發出溶劑萃取成長法應用在碳電極鈣鈦礦太陽能電池中，能夠得到最高元件效率12.26 %，並且在沒有封裝的情況下維持效率12 %超過2000小時。

In this thesis, we present different method to optimize porphy-rin-sensitized solar cells and perovskite solar cells. We designed two dif-ferent type of dimers: Zn-Zn and Zinc-free-base for porphyrin-sensitized solar cells. In order to extend the absorption spectrum into the near infrared region, we also add anthracene and tetracene groups into the dimers. After optimization of electrolyte additive, the PCE value of LDD1~LDD6 was 8.6 %, 5.29 %, 6.71 %, 4.64 %, 3.61 %, 3.19 %. To enhance device light-haversting capability, we co-sensitized with LD14 and LDD1. Use co-sensitization can improve LD14 the PCE from 9.15 % to 10.4 %. In the perovskite solar cells, we use fast deposition crystallization procedure to make uniform perovskite thin film and control the perovskite grain size by solvent annealing method. Adjust different type cells interface layer thickness to optimized n, p-type perovskite solar cells. Compare with two type perovskite solar cell, n-type cell changed hole transfer layer and scaffold layer thickness improve efficiency to 15.47 %. In other hand, p-type cell changed electron transfer layer and perovskite grain size to op-timize efficiency from 8.25 % to 10.92 %. In carbon counter electrode based perovskite solar cells, we investigated different scaffold layer and effect of scattering layer. Finally, we developed solvent extracting crystal growth method to deposit perovskite in carbon counter electrode based perovskite solar cells. The cell efficiency can keep on 12 % without any assembling in air atmosphere at room temperature more than 2000 hours.