Black hole remnant in asymptotic anti-de Sitter space

Abstract

The solution of a remnant was suggested for the black hole ground state after surface gravity is corrected for the loop quantum effect. On the other hand, a Schwarzschild black hole in asymptotic anti-de Sitter space would tunnel into the thermal soliton solution known as the Hawking-Page phase transition. In this letter, we investigate the low temperature phase of a three-dimensional Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black hole and four-dimensional AdS Schwarzschild black hole. We find that the thermal soliton is energetically favored rather than the remnant solution at low temperature in three dimensions, while a Planck-size remnant is still possible in four dimensions. Though the BTZ remnant seems energetically disfavored, we argue that it is still possible to find in the overcooled phase if strings were present, and its implication is discussed.