以媒體豐富性與媒體同步性探討運用視訊會議探視長輩之意圖

Abstract

台灣目前為高齡化社會，在2025年將成為超高齡社會，即65歲以上老年人口為全部人口之20%，當中5位長者中有33%為失能或需被照顧者。有鑑於此，如何促進因距離問題或其他因素無法時常面對面探視、互動與關懷之想法，利用視訊會議輔助面對面之探視，促進溝通頻率，相對是較佳的方式。因此，了解家屬運用視訊會議探視長輩之意圖是很重要的。 本研究主要根據Richard L Daft & Lengel的「媒體豐富性理論」所提出的媒體應具備的豐富特性，以及Alan R. Dennis等人所提出的「媒體同步性理論」為媒體應具備的能力，經文獻探討從這二個理論中採用較符合視訊溝通媒體的特性，構成本研究探討的要素，包含：「多重線索(Multiple channels)」、「個人化的關注(Personal focus)」、「語言的多樣性(Language variety)」、「傳送速度(Transmission Velocity)」與「平行性(Parallelism)」。 本研究採用問卷調查法，透過網路問卷收集資料，共有132人填答，得有效問卷 125份，有效問卷率達94.6%。並以PLS來檢定研究假設及量測模式之信效度。研究結果顯示：1.家屬認知的「多重線索」、「個人化的關注」和「傳送速度」均會影響運用視訊會議探視長輩之意圖。2. 「語言的多樣性」和「平行性」並無顯著的影響。

Taiwan current aging society will become super-aged society in 2025, the population aged 65 years or above will be around 20% of total population, of which five is elder and out of this 33% are disable or need caregivers. So, how to promote often unable to communicate face to face problems because of distance or other factors, the idea of interacting with care, it is the use of videoconferencing face to face communication and promote communication frequency for family. Therefore, understanding the intention of family members to use videoconferencing to communicate with elders is important. This study adopted five media cabilities, out of nine media capabilities which are based on the literature review of four media capabilities according to study of Richard L Draft and Lengel’s and five media capabilities according to Alan R Dennis’ “media richness theory”, and "media synchronicity theory" respectively. The current study includes the factors including: multiple chanels, personal focus, Language variety, transmission velocity and parallelism. A survey methodology was conducted to collect data for this thesis. Data was collected via on-line questionnaire, and a total 132 responded’s data was collected. A total of 125 respondent’s data were valid (94.6%). PLS was used to test all hypotheses as well as to test reliability and validity. The results of the study indicate as follows: 1) family members perception of multiple clues, personal attention and transmission rate will affect the intention to use videoconferencing communication media to visit elders. 2) There is no significant relationship between Language variety and parallelism.