標題: 多介面多跳階無線網狀網路之動態傳輸功率控制
Dynamic Transmit Power Control in Multi-interface Multi-hop Wireless Mesh Networks
作者: 施宗葆
林亭佑
Shih, Chung-Boa
Lin, Ting-Yo
電信工程研究所
關鍵字: 無線網狀網路;傳輸功率控制;多介面;Wireless Mesh Network;Transmission Power Control;Multi-Interface
公開日期: 2016
摘要: 在現代的無線網路設備中,為了方便使用者攜帶 ,設備的體積通常會設計為輕薄短小的樣式。受限於體積,電池的電量也受到限制,導致無線通訊設備亦有電量的限制 。 當無線通訊設備使用多餘的發射功率在進行傳輸時,反而造成了珍貴能源的浪費 ,我們觀察到大多數成功的傳輸對於使用最大傳輸功率是不需要的。 另一方面,使用較低的發射功率亦可降低鄰近節點的干擾。 因此在本論文中,我們提出了一個發射功率控制演算法 , 不僅可以節省能量消耗來延長無線節點的壽命,同時增加抗干擾能力並提升同時傳輸的表現。在設計演算法前,我們分析不同的發送功率對於鏈路質量(Link Quality)的影響並記錄下來,透過長時間的量測與統計得到封包傳輸率(Packet Delivery Ratio: PDR) 、接收信號強度(Received Signal Strength: RSS)的關係,基於這些實驗數據來設計我們的演算法。在我們的演算法中,透過推導求出接收信號強度的臨界值(RRS Threshold)。每個傳送端節點根據現在的 RSS 值與推導出的 RRSThreshold 調整至適當的發射功率,以達到節省能源並維持良好的 PDR 值。RSS 會隨著環境與距離的變化而改變, 我們的演算法可以透過 RRSThreshold 讓節點隨著現在的環境變化來動態地調整傳輸功率。 在本論文的實作平台裡,我們使用 Raspberry Pi 2 Model B 與 Wi-Fi 無線網卡( TP-Link 的 TL-WN722N)實作我們設計的演算法。實測的部分,我們分析不同距離長度、增加額外的干擾源、多節點同時傳輸、多通道與多跳環境(Multi-channel Multi-hop),測試本論文所提出的傳輸功率控制演算法,並將結果與預設的無線網路環境(使用最大傳輸功率)進行比較 。 經由實驗結果可以發現,我們所提出的發射功率控制演算法可以隨著現在的環境變化來動態地調整傳輸功率,並維持良好的 PDR 值,同時具有節省能源、降低干擾、可增加多組同時傳輸的特性。
In modern wireless network environments, computing devices are typically portable, light-weight, and have limited battery power . When a wireless communication module transmits signal, it usually applies maximum transmit power which might waste energy. We observe that max transmission power is unnecessary for most successful communications. In addition, using lower transmit power can potentially reduce the interference to neighboring nodes. Motivated by this, we propose a transmission power control algorithm in this thesis. It not only saves energy to extend the lifetime of wireless nodes, but also reduces the interference and encourages more concurrent transmissions. We measure and analyze the relationship between the varying transmit power and link quality from an operational testbed. We investigate the relationship between Packet Delivery Ratio(PDR) and Received Signal Strength (RSS) by keeping track of the Received Signal Strength Threshold (RRSThreshold). Each transmitter dynamically adjusts the transmit power according to the current RSS information and RSSThreshold. For performance evaluation, we build a prototype to validate our algorithm. Raspberry Pi 2 Model B and Wi-Fi module (TP-Link TL-WN722N) are used in the prototype. We conduct the experiments with different node distances, additional interfering nodes, concurrent transmissions and multi-channel multi-hop scenarios. We also compare our algorithm with default mechanism (maximum transmit power). From the experimental results, our algorithm has the ability to dynamically adjust the transmit power, maintain high PDR, save energy, reduce interference and increase concurrent transmissions.
URI: http://etd.lib.nctu.edu.tw/cdrfb3/record/nctu/#GT070360242
http://hdl.handle.net/11536/139535
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