我國食品安全風險評估法制之建構

Abstract

食品風險因科技發展愈趨複雜且受全球化之影響。我國近年因諸多食安事件發生，食品安全法制產生重大變革，立法專章強化食品風險評估法制，並設置「食品風險評估諮議會」，職司風險評估事項。理想之食品風險評估法制，組織架構以及核心價值同等重要；風險評估除了科學需扮演關鍵角色外，獨立性及透明度亦同等重要。本文探討此評估運作之基本價值，分析歐盟、美國及日本組織架構以及實施經驗，以之檢視我國現行食品風險評估法制不足之處；特別針對該諮議會之法制建構，提供相關修法建議及方向，期能對健全國內食品風險評估法制有所助益。

The food risks have been increasingly complicated in light of technology developments and affected by globalization. The frequent occurrence of food safety crises drove Taiwan’s legal configurations in substantial reforms, which, inter alia, manage to strengthen the legalization of food risk assessment. Further, the food law establishes the competent authority of “Food Risk Assessment Advisory Committee”. Apart from science-based, the principle of independence and transparency shall guarantee the optimization of the assessment. This article aims to explore such shortages of the organization and the core values required in risk assessment and to analyze the empirical experience in the international community, Europe, America and Japan, which serves a benchmark in examining our relevant regime, especially the structure and operation of the Committee. Certain suggestions on the reform of the regime will be offered with a view to making the system more thorough.