四甲基氫氧化銨於 CANON 系統中的降解及菌相的變化探討

Abstract

本研究主要的目的是探討利用 CANON (Completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite) 程序處理含 TMAH (Tetramethylammonium hydroxide) 廢水下，TMAH 的降解以及 CANON 槽中的菌相隨著 TMAH 進流濃度不同的變化。含 TMAH 及高氨氮合成廢水 (900 mg N/L) 利用實驗室規模 5 L 的缺氧上流式反應槽處理。實驗共分為五階段，每個階段進流 TMAH 濃度逐步提高 (200、500、1000、1500、2000 mg/L)。分析 TMAH 降解過程中所產生的可能中間產物，以探討 CANON 中 TMAH 的降解情形，實驗共操作 585 天。另外，以反應槽中的微生物進行批次實驗。使用 TMAH 的氮原子量標定為 15 g 的化學品，以同位素分析法分析批次培養後生成的氮氣，以驗證 TMAH 最終會生成氮氣。各個階段，以分子生物學技術分析槽中污泥的菌相，觀察不同 TMAH 濃度下菌相的改變。 批次實驗的結果顯示，CANON 反應槽馴養的菌與含 TMAH 的基質一同培養後，氣相中的 N2 會有來自 TMAH 的 N15，可確定 TMAH 最終會被生物分解為氮氣。 上流式反應槽處理結果顯示，TMAH 進流濃度從 200 mg/L 到 2000 mg/L，CANON 系統都能良好降解 TMAH ，TMAH 平均有 98.3% 的去除率，而有機氮平均有 98% 的去除率。TN 去除率在第一階段穩定後 (355 d-585 d)，平均 89%。 菌相分析的結果顯示 TMAH 進流濃度對於 Total ANAMMOX 與 Ammonium oxidizing bacteria 在菌相中所佔的比率沒有顯著的影響，比率不隨 TMAH 的濃度上升而一直下降。而進流濃度達 1000 mg/L，系統 SAA 下降，但濃度提升至 1500 mg/L，SAA 回升，顯示系統可經由長期馴養適應高濃度 TMAH。

This study used a CANON (Completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite) system reactor feeding TMAH (Tetramethylammonium hydroxide) containing synthetic wastewater to evaluate TMAH degradation and microbial community changes in the CANON reactor through different influent TMAH concentration. A lab-scale 5 L anoxic upflow reactor was used to treat TMAH containing and high ammonium loading (900 mg N/L) synthetic wastewater. Experiment had 5 phases based on different influent TMAH concentration (200、500、1000、1500、2000 mg/L). All possible intermediate was analyzed after each phase was steady state (TN、Organic N removal efficiency stabled) . Experiment duration was 585 day. Microbial collected from CANON reactor was incubated in batch experiment to biodegrade N labeled 15 TMAH. N2 formed after batch experiment was analyzed (Isotope analyzed) to prove that TMAH will be biodegraded to N2. Microbial community will be analyzed at each phase to evaluate its difference under different influent TMAH concentration. Batch experiment results showed that after culture with bacteria，ratio of N15 in air phase to all N atoms in air phase increased. It proved that TMAH will be biodegraded to N2. Long-term experiment showed that CANON system can treat influent wastewater containing TMAH in the range from 200 to 2000 mg/L. Average TMAH removal efficiency was 99% and average organic N removal efficiency was 98%. TN removal efficiency was 89% (355 d-585 d). TMAH degradation pathway cannot be proposed because of incomplete intermediate concentration data and detection of TMAO in effluent. Microbial community results showed that total ANAMMOX and ammonium oxidizing bacteria ratio did not always decrease with TMAH influent concentration increase. SAA degreased when TMAH 1000 mg/L, but increased after long incubated under TMAH 1500 mg/L shows that CANON system can adapt to high TMAH concentration。 Ratio of TMAH utilize bacteria cannot be analyzed as well as enzyme analysis cannot be done with our technique.