回收寶特瓶為基座組合式植栽大盆件套件開發設計

Abstract

由於傳統綠屋頂在台灣應用有一些重大缺點，本研究群因而開發DIY綠屋頂模組改善之，且在模組、環境及居住品質均有諸多效益。唯對於一些植栽需求及建置低維護綠屋頂仍有其限制，故本研究開發設計一個組合框件，以彌補其不足。此外，各套件有必要進行結構應力模擬及適用性分析，本研究採用Solidworks進行結構應力分析，亦探討各套件較適當的操作方式。各套件所用到的材料，包括引水條、保護層、底層等，其功能需求均不同，本研究因而依功能需求設計適當實驗評比不同材料的適用性，亦探討各材料較適用的操作方式。最後依適用性分析結果及使用與操作方式篩選適當的套件與材料組合，並以3D列印機列印模型實際測試。 本研究所開發設計之組合框件確實可有效改善對孔型盆件不適種一些植物及木製框件製作不易等問題。根據所設計引水、透水、導水及阻根等實驗及實驗結果找出適用的不織布作為引水條、底層及保護層。對孔型盆件及組合框件在應力分析下，顯示其分別承受的最大應力為1.668e+006 N/m2及7.568e+006 N/m2，皆小於降伏強度32e+006 N/m2，不會造成結構永久變形，因而可不特別另作補強。本研究亦探討及建立對孔型盆件、木製框件及組合框件適當的使用及操作方式，亦依據不同需求與使用方式探討建立引水條、底層及保護層等主要材料用在對孔型盆件及組合框件的適當作業程序，以期有效改善DIY及使用上的便利性，相信所開發的組合框件能讓DIY綠花園/綠屋頂套件適用更多不同目的及需求。 關鍵詞: 綠屋頂、DIY、回收寶特瓶、組合盆件、應力分析、永續環境系統分析。

To overcome several critical drawbacks for applying the conventional green roof in Taiwan, this research group had developed DIY green roof (DGR) modules. Although the DGRs have various module, environmental quality, and living quality benefits, there exist limitations for growing some plants and for establishing low maintenance green roofs. This study was thus initiated to develop an assemblable large pot to resolve these shortcomings. Stress simulation and applicability analyses are essential for designing the DGR pots. Therefore, the simulation tool provided by Solidworks was used to implement the stress simulation and applicability analyses. Appropriate procedures for installing, using, and assembling the kits for building DGRs were also explored. Several materials, including water uptake strip, protective layer, and bottom fabric, are required and their functional requirements are quite different. This study thus designed appreciate experiments to assess the applicabilities of different materials for satisfying desired functional requirements. Appropriate operation procedures for using the materials were also investigated. Finally, according to the results from aforementioned analyses, suitable combinations of the kits and materials, including their usage and operation procedures, were evaluated and compared, and the best combination for each DGR pot was determined. The kits were printed by 3D printers and tested before they are produced. This study has successfully developed an assemblable pot that allows various plants to grow and is easy to assemble. According to the results obtained from the water uptake capillarity, water permeability, water spreading and root resistance experiments, designed in this study, appropriate nonwoven fabrics were chosen to serve as water uptake strip, bottom fabric and protective layer for the DGR pots. The maximum stress value, as estimated by the Solidworks Simulation, for the previous and assemblable pots are 1.668e+006 N/m2 and 7.568e+006 N/m2, respectively. They are all less than the yield stress of 32e+006 N/m2 for Polypropylene (PP), the material to be used for producing the pots, and will not cause the pots to permanently deform. Appropriate usage and operation procedures for the previous, wooden and assemblable pots were also explored, including the procedures for placing water uptake strip, bottom fabric and protective layer. The usages of the DIY kits should have been significantly improved. The developed assemblable pot is expected to extend the applicability of DIY kits for various demands and purposes. Key words: green roof; DIY; recycled PET bottle; assemblable pot; stress analysis; sustainable environmental systems analysis.