大型教室內空調系統對不同人員配置密度之優化分析

Abstract

本研究以計算流體力學套裝軟體ANSYS/FLUENT分析交通大學工程五館EE106階梯教室之流場，目的在於研究不同人員密度(47%、67%、100%)、冷氣配置位置、冷氣出風口角度(0∘、45∘)和冷氣台數下對室內舒適度之影響，其中室內舒適度以PMV/PPD模型做為判斷依據。 本研究結果顯示，在該教室不做任何改裝，即維持原本三台冷氣的配置條件下，在教室內滿員時無法有效降低室內溫度，人員會處在一較熱的環境之下。相同條件下，當人員密度降至67%以下時則可以獲得較佳的室內舒適度。出風口角度對室內溫度分佈影響甚為明顯，當其為45∘時有較佳之溫度場及速度場，能有效處理室內之熱量，反之在0∘時對熱量之處理較差，但在溫度均勻性上則較前者為佳。使用PMV/PPD模型則能在分析模擬結果的同時得知特定場域之舒適度，可做為日後冷氣設置之參考依據。

The object of this study is to analysis the effect of occupant density (47%, 67% and 100%), location of air condition, inlet angle (0∘,45∘), sets of air condition on thermal comfort of the classroom. The thermal comfort is judged by PMV/PPD model. In the benchmarking test case for the comparison of the numerical and experimental data, it is found that the computed temperature distribution is quite close the measured one. The difference is less than 5%. In the numerical simulation of the classroom, the simulated results are reasonably good because of the poor seal and difficulties in complete model construction of the table and chair in the classroom. The results show that when occupant density is 100%, the original setting of the classroom (3 air conditions) cannot deal with the heat efficiently, occupants are in a hot environment. Under the same condition, Inlet angle affects the temperature and velocity distributions significantly. When the inlet angle is 45∘ the temperature and velocity distributions are better than when it is 0∘. However, inlet angle 0∘ has a better temperature uniformity than inlet angle 45∘. The simulation results can use PMV/PPD model to judge the thermal comfort, this can be the reference for the design of air conditioning system.